. . "\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062C\u062F\u064A\u062F\u0629"@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "La definizione di nuova classe viene usata all'interno delle polemiche dei critici appartenenti ai paesi governati secondo il modello sovietico del comunismo per descrivere la classe dirigente privilegiata formata dai burocrati e dai funzionari dei partiti comunisti locali. Il termine era stato precedentemente applicato anche ad altri strati emergenti della societ\u00E0. La teoria della \"nuova classe\" concepita dal politico jugoslavo Milovan \u0110ilas venne ampiamente utilizzata dai commentatori anticomunisti occidentali nelle loro critiche agli stati socialisti del blocco orientale durante la guerra fredda."@it . . "\u5171\u7523\u8CB4\u65CF\uFF08\u304D\u3087\u3046\u3055\u3093\u304D\u305E\u304F\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u5171\u7523\u515A\u653F\u6A29\u4E0B\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u3001\u304B\u3064\u3066\u306E\u5927\u30D6\u30EB\u30B8\u30E7\u30EF\u30B8\u30FC\u3084\u8CB4\u65CF\u540C\u69D8\u306E\u5BCC\u3068\u6A29\u529B\u3092\u63E1\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308B\u515A\u5E79\u90E8\u3084\u5B98\u50DA\u3001\u30CE\u30FC\u30E1\u30F3\u30AF\u30E9\u30C8\u30A5\u30FC\u30E9\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u5C64\u3092\u6307\u3057\u305F\u4E00\u822C\u7684\u547C\u79F0\u3002\u8D64\u3044\u8CB4\u65CF\u3068\u3082\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\uFF08\u305F\u3060\u3057\u3001\u4E2D\u83EF\u4EBA\u6C11\u5171\u548C\u56FD\u3067\u306F\u8D64\u3044\u8CB4\u65CF\uFF08\u7EA2\u8272\u8D35\u65CF\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u6539\u9769\u958B\u653E\u8DEF\u7DDA\u306B\u4E57\u3063\u3066\u5BCC\u3092\u5F97\u305F\u5BCC\u88D5\u5C64\u3092\u6307\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3042\u308B\uFF09\u3002\u5317\u671D\u9BAE\u3067\u306F\u671D\u9BAE\u52B4\u50CD\u515A\u306E\u9AD8\u4F4D\u5E79\u90E8\u3084\u305D\u306E\u5BB6\u65CF\u3089\u304C\u8C4A\u304B\u3055\u3092\u8B33\u6B4C\u3057\u3066\u304A\u308A\u8D64\u3044\u8CB4\u65CF\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u3002 \u82F1\u8A9E\u570F\u3067\u306F\u30DF\u30ED\u30F4\u30A1\u30F3\u30FB\u30B8\u30E9\u30B9\u306E\u8457\u66F8\u306B\u7531\u6765\u3059\u308B\u65B0\u968E\u7D1A\u3068\u3044\u3046\u547C\u3073\u65B9\u304C\u4E00\u822C\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . . "Nouvelle classe"@fr . . . "New class is used as a polemic term by critics of countries that followed the Soviet-type Communism to describe the privileged ruling class of bureaucrats and Communist party functionaries which arose in these states. Generally, the group known in the Soviet Union as the nomenklatura conforms to the theory of the new class. The term was earlier applied to other emerging strata of the society. Milovan \u0110ilas' new-class theory was also used extensively by anti-communist commentators in the Western world in their criticism of the Communist states during the Cold War."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u5171\u7523\u8CB4\u65CF"@ja . . . "La definizione di nuova classe viene usata all'interno delle polemiche dei critici appartenenti ai paesi governati secondo il modello sovietico del comunismo per descrivere la classe dirigente privilegiata formata dai burocrati e dai funzionari dei partiti comunisti locali. Il termine era stato precedentemente applicato anche ad altri strati emergenti della societ\u00E0."@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u65B0\u9636\u7EA7\u662F\u5BF9\u4E8C\u6218\u540E\u65B0\u5174\u7684\u793E\u4F1A\u9636\u5C42\u7684\u7EDF\u79F0\u3002\u8FD9\u5305\u62EC\u4E86\u84DD\u9886\u4E0E\u767D\u9886\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4E2D\u4EA7\u9636\u7EA7\u3002\u6709\u4EBA\u5C06\u79D1\u5B66\u5BB6\u3001\u5DE5\u7A0B\u5E08\u3001\u6280\u672F\u4EBA\u5458\u548C\u7BA1\u7406\u4EBA\u5458\u79F0\u4E3A\u65B0\u5DE5\u4EBA\u9636\u7EA7\uFF0C\u4E5F\u6709\u4EBA\u79F0\u4E3A\u4E13\u4E1A\uFF0D\u7BA1\u7406\u9636\u7EA7\u3002\u53C8\u6709\u4EBA\u79F0\u4E3A\u65B0\u4E2D\u95F4\u9636\u7EA7\u3002 \u65B0\u9636\u7EA7\u4E5F\u88AB\u8FFD\u968F\u82CF\u8054\u5F0F\u5171\u4EA7\u4E3B\u4E49\u7684\u56FD\u5BB6\u7684\u8A55\u8AD6\u5BB6\u7528\u6765\u4F5C\u4E3A\u53CD\u8ABF\u672F\u8BED\u63CF\u8FF0\u51FA\u73B0\u5728\u8FD9\u4E9B\u56FD\u5BB6\u7684\u4EAB\u6709\u7279\u6743\u7684\u5B98\u50DA\u7D71\u6CBB\u968E\u7D1A\u548C\u5171\u4EA7\u515A\u5B98\u5458\u3002\u901A\u5E38\u5728\u82CF\u8054\u4EE5\u8077\u5B98\u540D\u9304\u5236\u5EA6\u8457\u79F0\u7684\u8FD9\u4E9B\u4EBA\u7B26\u5408\u65B0\u9636\u7EA7\u7684\u7406\u8BBA\u3002 \u5BC6\u6D1B\u51E1\u00B7\u5FB7\u70ED\u62C9\u65AF\u7684\u65B0\u9636\u7EA7\u7406\u8BBA\u4E5F\u88AB\u897F\u65B9\u53CD\u5171\u4E3B\u4E49\u8BC4\u8BBA\u5458\u5E7F\u6CDB\u4F7F\u7528\u4E8E\u4ED6\u4EEC\u5728\u51B7\u6218\u671F\u95F4\u5BF9\u5171\u4EA7\u4E3B\u4E49\u653F\u6743\u7684\u6279\u8BC4\u5F53\u4E2D\u3002 \u65B0\u9636\u7EA7\u4E5F\u662F1960\u5E74\u4EE3\u672B\u7684\u5F8C\u5DE5\u696D\u793E\u4F1A\u5B66\u672F\u8BED\u3002"@zh . . . . . . . "\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u062F\u064A\u062F\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062D \u064A\u064F\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0645 \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u062F\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064A\u0648\u0639\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062D\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0629 \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062A \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0628\u064A\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064A\u064A \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u0627\u062A\u0628\u0639\u062A \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062C \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A\u062D\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064A\u064A\u062A\u064A. \u064A\u064F\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064A\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062C\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062F\u0641 \u062A\u062D\u0642\u064A\u0631\u064A. \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062D \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1957 \u0641\u064A \u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628 \u060C \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064A\u0633 \u062C\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u064A\u0648\u063A\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062A\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A\u062D\u0627\u062F\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u062F\u064A\u062F\u0629: \u062A\u062D\u0644\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064A\u0648\u0639\u064A."@ar . . "16114"^^ . . . . "New class is used as a polemic term by critics of countries that followed the Soviet-type Communism to describe the privileged ruling class of bureaucrats and Communist party functionaries which arose in these states. Generally, the group known in the Soviet Union as the nomenklatura conforms to the theory of the new class. The term was earlier applied to other emerging strata of the society. Milovan \u0110ilas' new-class theory was also used extensively by anti-communist commentators in the Western world in their criticism of the Communist states during the Cold War. Red bourgeoisie is a pejorative synonym for the term new class, crafted by leftist critics and movements like the 1968 student demonstrations in Belgrade. New class is also used as a term in late 1960s post-industrial sociology."@en . . . . . . . "Nouvelle classe est une expression utilis\u00E9e pour d\u00E9crire les privil\u00E8ges de la classe dirigeante dans un r\u00E9gime communiste, soit la Nomenklatura, les apparatchiks et les divers bureaucrates. L'expression appara\u00EEt pour la premi\u00E8re fois dans le titre d'un ouvrage du yougoslave Milovan Djilas, publi\u00E9 en 1957 aux \u00C9tats-Unis : The New Class: An Analysis of the Communist System."@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "InternetArchiveBot"@en . . . . . . . . . "1072428629"^^ . . "Nuova classe"@it . . . "February 2018"@en . . . "\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u062F\u064A\u062F\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062D \u064A\u064F\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0645 \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u062F\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064A\u0648\u0639\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062D\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0629 \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062A \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0628\u064A\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064A\u064A \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u0627\u062A\u0628\u0639\u062A \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062C \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A\u062D\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064A\u064A\u062A\u064A. \u064A\u064F\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064A\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062C\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062F\u0641 \u062A\u062D\u0642\u064A\u0631\u064A. \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062D \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1957 \u0641\u064A \u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628 \u060C \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064A\u0633 \u062C\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u064A\u0648\u063A\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062A\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A\u062D\u0627\u062F\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u062F\u064A\u062F\u0629: \u062A\u062D\u0644\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064A\u0648\u0639\u064A."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . "Nouvelle classe est une expression utilis\u00E9e pour d\u00E9crire les privil\u00E8ges de la classe dirigeante dans un r\u00E9gime communiste, soit la Nomenklatura, les apparatchiks et les divers bureaucrates. L'expression appara\u00EEt pour la premi\u00E8re fois dans le titre d'un ouvrage du yougoslave Milovan Djilas, publi\u00E9 en 1957 aux \u00C9tats-Unis : The New Class: An Analysis of the Communist System."@fr . . . . . . . "286819"^^ . "yes"@en . "New class"@en . . "\u5171\u7523\u8CB4\u65CF\uFF08\u304D\u3087\u3046\u3055\u3093\u304D\u305E\u304F\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u5171\u7523\u515A\u653F\u6A29\u4E0B\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u3001\u304B\u3064\u3066\u306E\u5927\u30D6\u30EB\u30B8\u30E7\u30EF\u30B8\u30FC\u3084\u8CB4\u65CF\u540C\u69D8\u306E\u5BCC\u3068\u6A29\u529B\u3092\u63E1\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308B\u515A\u5E79\u90E8\u3084\u5B98\u50DA\u3001\u30CE\u30FC\u30E1\u30F3\u30AF\u30E9\u30C8\u30A5\u30FC\u30E9\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u5C64\u3092\u6307\u3057\u305F\u4E00\u822C\u7684\u547C\u79F0\u3002\u8D64\u3044\u8CB4\u65CF\u3068\u3082\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\uFF08\u305F\u3060\u3057\u3001\u4E2D\u83EF\u4EBA\u6C11\u5171\u548C\u56FD\u3067\u306F\u8D64\u3044\u8CB4\u65CF\uFF08\u7EA2\u8272\u8D35\u65CF\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u6539\u9769\u958B\u653E\u8DEF\u7DDA\u306B\u4E57\u3063\u3066\u5BCC\u3092\u5F97\u305F\u5BCC\u88D5\u5C64\u3092\u6307\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3042\u308B\uFF09\u3002\u5317\u671D\u9BAE\u3067\u306F\u671D\u9BAE\u52B4\u50CD\u515A\u306E\u9AD8\u4F4D\u5E79\u90E8\u3084\u305D\u306E\u5BB6\u65CF\u3089\u304C\u8C4A\u304B\u3055\u3092\u8B33\u6B4C\u3057\u3066\u304A\u308A\u8D64\u3044\u8CB4\u65CF\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u3002 \u82F1\u8A9E\u570F\u3067\u306F\u30DF\u30ED\u30F4\u30A1\u30F3\u30FB\u30B8\u30E9\u30B9\u306E\u8457\u66F8\u306B\u7531\u6765\u3059\u308B\u65B0\u968E\u7D1A\u3068\u3044\u3046\u547C\u3073\u65B9\u304C\u4E00\u822C\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u65B0\u9636\u7EA7"@zh . . "\u65B0\u9636\u7EA7\u662F\u5BF9\u4E8C\u6218\u540E\u65B0\u5174\u7684\u793E\u4F1A\u9636\u5C42\u7684\u7EDF\u79F0\u3002\u8FD9\u5305\u62EC\u4E86\u84DD\u9886\u4E0E\u767D\u9886\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4E2D\u4EA7\u9636\u7EA7\u3002\u6709\u4EBA\u5C06\u79D1\u5B66\u5BB6\u3001\u5DE5\u7A0B\u5E08\u3001\u6280\u672F\u4EBA\u5458\u548C\u7BA1\u7406\u4EBA\u5458\u79F0\u4E3A\u65B0\u5DE5\u4EBA\u9636\u7EA7\uFF0C\u4E5F\u6709\u4EBA\u79F0\u4E3A\u4E13\u4E1A\uFF0D\u7BA1\u7406\u9636\u7EA7\u3002\u53C8\u6709\u4EBA\u79F0\u4E3A\u65B0\u4E2D\u95F4\u9636\u7EA7\u3002 \u65B0\u9636\u7EA7\u4E5F\u88AB\u8FFD\u968F\u82CF\u8054\u5F0F\u5171\u4EA7\u4E3B\u4E49\u7684\u56FD\u5BB6\u7684\u8A55\u8AD6\u5BB6\u7528\u6765\u4F5C\u4E3A\u53CD\u8ABF\u672F\u8BED\u63CF\u8FF0\u51FA\u73B0\u5728\u8FD9\u4E9B\u56FD\u5BB6\u7684\u4EAB\u6709\u7279\u6743\u7684\u5B98\u50DA\u7D71\u6CBB\u968E\u7D1A\u548C\u5171\u4EA7\u515A\u5B98\u5458\u3002\u901A\u5E38\u5728\u82CF\u8054\u4EE5\u8077\u5B98\u540D\u9304\u5236\u5EA6\u8457\u79F0\u7684\u8FD9\u4E9B\u4EBA\u7B26\u5408\u65B0\u9636\u7EA7\u7684\u7406\u8BBA\u3002 \u5BC6\u6D1B\u51E1\u00B7\u5FB7\u70ED\u62C9\u65AF\u7684\u65B0\u9636\u7EA7\u7406\u8BBA\u4E5F\u88AB\u897F\u65B9\u53CD\u5171\u4E3B\u4E49\u8BC4\u8BBA\u5458\u5E7F\u6CDB\u4F7F\u7528\u4E8E\u4ED6\u4EEC\u5728\u51B7\u6218\u671F\u95F4\u5BF9\u5171\u4EA7\u4E3B\u4E49\u653F\u6743\u7684\u6279\u8BC4\u5F53\u4E2D\u3002 \u65B0\u9636\u7EA7\u4E5F\u662F1960\u5E74\u4EE3\u672B\u7684\u5F8C\u5DE5\u696D\u793E\u4F1A\u5B66\u672F\u8BED\u3002"@zh . .