. "Nivelle Ofentsiba"@eu . . "Douglas Haig"@en . "Terraine"@en . "The Nivelle offensive (16 April \u2013 9 May 1917) was a Franco-British operation on the Western Front in the First World War which was named after General Robert Nivelle, the commander-in-chief of the French metropolitan armies, who led the offensive. The French part of the offensive was intended to be strategically decisive by breaking through the German defences on the Aisne front within 48 hours, with casualties expected to be around 10,000 men. A preliminary attack was to be made by the French Third Army at St Quentin and the British First, Third and Fifth armies at Arras, to capture high ground and divert German reserves from the French fronts on the Aisne and in Champagne. The main offensive was to be delivered by the French on the Chemin des Dames ridge (the Second Battle of the Aisne)."@en . . . . "Serangan Nivelle"@in . . . "Nivelle Ofentsiba (1917ko apirilaren 16tik maiatzaren 9ra iraun zuena) Lehen Mundu Gerran Mendebaldeko frontean armada franko-britainiarrek antolatutako erasoaldi bat izan zen. Robert Georges Nivelle frantziar jeneral nagusiaren omenez izendatu zen, Ekialdeko frontean egin zen bezala. Erasoaren parte frantziarrak estrategikoki erabakigarria izateko helburua zeukan Aisne ibaiaren frontean. Haren helburua erasoa hasi eta 48 ordu igaro baino lehen Alemaniar Inperioaren defentsak apurtzea zen eta 10.000 gizonen galera gutxi-gora-behera eragingo zuela uste zen. Frantziako Hirugarren Armadak San Quintinen aurretiazko erasoa egin beharko zuen Britainiar Lehen, Hirugarren eta Bosgarren Armadek Arrasen berea egiten zuten bitartean, lur garaiak harrapatzeko. Honen helburua alemaniarrak Aisne ibaiako forteetatik tropak mugitzea izan zen. Egiazko eraso nagusia frantziarrek Chemin des Dames mendilerroan (Andereen Bidea euskaraz) abiarazi behar zuten. Eraso honi Aisneko bigarren gudua izena eman zioten, baita \"Andereen Bidearen gudua\" ere (Bataille du Chemin des Dames). Aisneko lehen gudua 1914an gertatu izan zen eta, oraindik ere, hirugarren bat gertatuko zen hurrengo urtean. Laugarren Armadak bigarren mailako erasoa garatu beharko zuen: , hain zuzen. Erasoaren azken fasea britainiar eta frantziar tropak berriz elkartzean emango zen, alemaniar mugara zuzenean abiatuko zena. Borroka ikuspuntu taktiko batetik armada frako-britainiarren garaipena izan arren, Aliatuek ezin izan zuten lortutako lurrak denbora luzez mantendu, alemaniarrek kontraeraso latzak antolatu zituzten hauek berreskuratzeko. Britainiarrek Arrasen kilometro batzuk kontrolatzea lortu zuten baino Robert Nivellek, ofentsibaren burua, nahi zuen garaipen estrategiko \"totala\" ez zen lortu, Aliatuen aldeak galera erraldoiak jasan izan behar honen ondorioz. Nivelle jeneralak bere postua galdu zuen handik gutxira lubakietan haren aurka emandako matxinadengatik, fronte osoaren mantentzea larri mehatxatu zutenak."@eu . "Crown Prince Wilhelm"@en . . . . "Offensive Nivelle"@fr . . . "Russia"@en . . . . . . . . . . "Indecisive"@en . "\u041D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u041D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0301\u043B\u044F (\u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u043F\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u00AB\u0411\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u041D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044F\u00BB, \u00AB\u0411\u043E\u0439\u043D\u044F \u041D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044F\u00BB \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u00AB\u041C\u044F\u0441\u043E\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043A\u0430 \u041D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044F\u00BB). 16 \u0430\u043F\u0440\u0435\u043B\u044F 1917 \u2014 \u043C\u0430\u0439 1917. \u041A\u0440\u0443\u043F\u043D\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u044B \u043F\u043E \u043A\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445. \u041D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043E \u043F\u043E \u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0438 \u0433\u043B\u0430\u0432\u043D\u043E\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043E \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0443\u0437\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u043C\u0438\u0438 \u0420\u043E\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u041D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044F. \u0417\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0447\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044C \u043F\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u0410\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0442\u044B. \u041D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u041D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044F \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u043E \u0441\u0438\u043C\u0432\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043C \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u044B\u0441\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0447\u0435\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432."@ru . . . . "La Nivelle-ofensivo estis aliancana atako en 1917 en la okcidenta fronto, dum la unua mondmilito. La aliancanoj (\u0109efe la francoj) planis perdon de \u0109. 10.000 soldatoj en amba\u016D flanko kaj finon de la milito ene de 48 horoj. La atakon gvidis Robert Nivelle kaj tio komenci\u011Dis la 16-an de aprilo 1917 post apogo de la franca \u0109efministro."@eo . "3.5"^^ . "Nivelle offensive"@en . . "\u30CB\u30F4\u30A7\u30EB\u653B\u52E2"@ja . "La Ofensiva de Nivelle (llamada en franc\u00E9s Bataille du Chemin des dames) fue una operaci\u00F3n franco-brit\u00E1nica en el frente occidental en la Primera Guerra Mundial. La parte francesa de la ofensiva ten\u00EDa la intenci\u00F3n de ser estrat\u00E9gicamente decisiva al romper las defensas alemanas en el frente de Aisne en 48 horas, y se esperaba que las v\u00EDctimas sean alrededor de 10 000 hombres. El tercer ej\u00E9rcito franc\u00E9s en St Quentin y los ej\u00E9rcitos brit\u00E1nico primero, tercero y quinto en Arras deb\u00EDan realizar un ataque preliminar para capturar terreno elevado y desviar las reservas alemanas de los frentes franceses en Aisne y Champagne. La ofensiva principal deb\u00EDa ser entregada por los franceses en la cordillera Chemin des Dames (la Segunda Batalla de Aisne, La bataille du Chemin des Dames, Seconde bataille de l'Aisne y Doppelschlacht Aisne-Champagne), con un ataque subsidiario por parte del Cuarto Ej\u00E9rcito (Tercera Batalla de Champa\u00F1a, Batalla de las Colinas, Batalla de las Colinas de Champa\u00F1a). La etapa final de la ofensiva fue seguir la reuni\u00F3n de los ej\u00E9rcitos brit\u00E1nico y franc\u00E9s, habiendo traspasado las l\u00EDneas alemanas, y luego la persecuci\u00F3n de los ej\u00E9rcitos alemanes derrotados hacia la frontera alemana. Los ataques franco-brit\u00E1nicos fueron t\u00E1cticamente exitosos; el Tercer Ej\u00E9rcito franc\u00E9s de Groupe d'arm\u00E9es du Nord (GAN, Grupo del Ej\u00E9rcito del Norte) captur\u00F3 las defensas alemanas al oeste de la l\u00EDnea Hindenburg (Siegfriedstellung) cerca de St. Quentin del 1 al 4 de abril, antes de que se rechazaran m\u00E1s ataques. El tercer y primer ej\u00E9rcito brit\u00E1nico logr\u00F3 el avance m\u00E1s profundo desde que comenz\u00F3 la guerra de trincheras, a lo largo del r\u00EDo Scarpe en la Batalla de Arras, que caus\u00F3 muchas p\u00E9rdidas a los alemanes, atrajo reservas y captur\u00F3 hacia el norte. La principal ofensiva francesa en el Aisne comenz\u00F3 el 16 de abril y tambi\u00E9n logr\u00F3 un \u00E9xito t\u00E1ctico considerable, pero el intento de forzar una batalla estrat\u00E9gicamente decisiva contra los alemanes fue un fracaso costoso y para el 25 de abril la ofensiva principal hab\u00EDa sido suspendida. El fracaso de la estrategia de Nivelle y la gran cantidad de bajas francesas llevaron a motines y la destituci\u00F3n de Robert Nivelle, su reemplazo por el marsical P\u00E9tain y la adopci\u00F3n de una estrategia defensiva por parte de los franceses, mientras sus ej\u00E9rcitos se recuperaron y fueron rearmados. La lucha conocida como la Batalla de los Observatorios continu\u00F3 para la ventaja local durante todo el verano en Chemin des Dames y a lo largo de las alturas de Moronvilliers al este de Reims. A finales de octubre, los franceses llevaron a cabo la Batalla de La Malmaison (23-27 de octubre), un ataque de objetivo limitado en el extremo oeste de Chemin-des-Dames, que oblig\u00F3 a los alemanes a abandonar sus posiciones restantes en Chemin des Dames y retirarse a trav\u00E9s del valle de Ailette. Los brit\u00E1nicos permanecieron en la ofensiva durante el resto del a\u00F1o luchando en las batallas de Messines, 3.\u00AA de Ypres y Cambrai."@es . "Nivellova ofenz\u00EDva byl \u00FAtok britsk\u00FDch a francouzsk\u00FDch vojsk proti N\u011Bmc\u016Fm, kter\u00FD se odehr\u00E1l na z\u00E1padn\u00ED front\u011B za prvn\u00ED sv\u011Btov\u00E9 v\u00E1lky ve dnech 9. dubna a\u017E 9. kv\u011Btna 1917."@cs . "1977"^^ . . "A Ofensiva de Nivelle foi um ataque dos Aliados na Frente Ocidental durante a Primeira Guerra Mundial, liderado pelo general franc\u00EAs Robert Nivelle. O objetivo dos franceses era conseguir uma vit\u00F3ria decisiva, quebrando as linhas de defesa alem\u00E3 ao longo do rio Rio Aisne. Nivelle previu que a ofensiva iria durar 48 horas e o n\u00FAmero de baixas sofridas n\u00E3o excederia 10 mil. Um ataque preliminar feito por tropas francesas seria lan\u00E7ado em St. Quentin, enquanto os brit\u00E2nicos atacariam Arras, com o objetivo de distrair os alem\u00E3es. A principal ofensiva francesa aconteceria nas cordilheiras de Chemin des Dames (a Segunda Batalha de Aisne). O plano dizia que, ap\u00F3s sobrepujarem as defesas alem\u00E3s, os ex\u00E9rcitos franceses e brit\u00E2nicos se encontrariam e perseguiriam juntos o inimigo derrotado at\u00E9 a fronteira com a Alemanha. O que os Aliados n\u00E3o sabiam era que a intelig\u00EAncia do ex\u00E9rcito alem\u00E3o j\u00E1 estava ciente de que uma grande ofensiva seria lan\u00E7ada e mesmo antes disso, o general Erich Ludendorff passou meses construindo um novo sistema de defesa. A ofensiva franco-brit\u00E2nica foi, taticamente, bem sucedida; o ex\u00E9rcito franc\u00EAs havia sobrepujado as principais defesas alem\u00E3s na Linha Hindenburg (Siegfriedstellung), pr\u00F3ximo a St. Quentin, entre 1 e 4 de abril de 1917. Contudo, outros ataques foram repelidos pelos alem\u00E3es. As tropas brit\u00E2nicas tamb\u00E9m avan\u00E7aram profundamente dentro do territ\u00F3rio inimigo, alcan\u00E7ando o rio Scarpe na Batalha de Arras, infligindo grandes perdas dentre as for\u00E7as alem\u00E3s, ao mesmo tempo que tamb\u00E9m eram bem sucedidos na Batalha de Vimy, ao norte. A principal ofensiva francesa em Aisne come\u00E7ou em 16 de abril e tamb\u00E9m conseguiu importantes sucessos t\u00E1ticos mas o objetivo principal, que era conquistar uma vit\u00F3ria estrat\u00E9gica grandiosa contra os alem\u00E3es, fracassou e em 25 de abril boa parte das ofensivas aliadas j\u00E1 haviam sido suspensas. Futuros ataques foram repelidos e os alem\u00E3es chegaram a tomar a iniciativa, mas nenhum lado tinha for\u00E7a de sobrepujar o outro. Portanto, muitos historiadores consideram a ofensiva Aliada de Nivelle como um redundante fracasso. O fracasso no campo de batalha, associado a deteriora\u00E7\u00E3o das condi\u00E7\u00F5es de vida dos soldados no fronte, levou milhares de soldados franceses a se amotinar. O general Nivelle acabou sendo dispensado do comando do 2\u00BA Ex\u00E9rcito Franc\u00EAs, sendo substitu\u00EDdo pelo general Philippe P\u00E9tain. Este, por sua vez, abandonaria a estrat\u00E9gia de \"ofensiva a todo o custo\" e decidiu fortificar as defesas por toda a linha de frente, ao mesmo tempo que cuidava melhor da vida dos seus soldados e trabalhava para lhes dar melhor equipamento. Batalhas continuaram acontecendo em Chemin des Dames e em Moronvilliers, a leste de Reims, pelo ver\u00E3o de 1917. Em outubro, os franceses lan\u00E7aram uma nova grande ofensiva em La Malmaison, desta vez muito mais bem sucedida."@pt . . "French: 187,000"@en . "Indecisive" . . . . "Strachan"@en . "850000"^^ . "\u5C3C\u7DAD\u723E\u653B\u52E2\uFF08Nivelle Offensive\uFF09\u662F\u7B2C\u4E00\u6B21\u4E16\u754C\u5927\u6230\u4E00\u5834\u7531\u6CD5\u8ECD\u65BC\u897F\u7DDA\u5C0D\u5FB7\u8ECD\u767C\u52D5\u7684\u653B\u52E2\u884C\u52D5\uFF0C\u524D\u8005\u5141\u8AFE\u9019\u6B21\u7684\u653B\u64CA\u5C07\u572848\u5C0F\u6642\u5167\u7D50\u675F\u6230\u722D\uFF0C\u50B7\u4EA1\u4EBA\u6578\u4E5F\u61C9\u6703\u5728\u4E00\u842C\u4EBA\u4E0A\u4E0B\uFF0C\u4F46\u6700\u7D42\u9019\u5169\u9805\u4F30\u8A08\u90FD\u932F\u8AA4\u3002\u653B\u52E2\u4E3B\u8981\u5206\u70BA\u4E09\u500B\u968E\u6BB5\uFF1A 1. \n* \u82F1\u570B\u8207\u5176\u81EA\u6CBB\u9818\u8ECD\u968A\u7684\u7B2C1\u3001\u7B2C3\u8207\u7B2C5\u8ECD\u5718\u5C07\u767C\u52D5\u5C0D\u963F\u62C9\u65AF\u7684\uFF0C\u65E8\u5728\u4F54\u9818\u9AD8\u5730\u4F4D\u7F6E\u548C\u5C07\u5FB7\u8ECD\u81EA\u6CD5\u8ECD\u524D\u7DDA\u9010\u51FA\u3002 2. \n* \u6CD5\u8ECD\u4EE5\u8CB4\u5A66\u5C0F\u5F91\u70BA\u76EE\u6A19\u5C55\u958B\u653B\u52E2\uFF08\u5373\u548C\u9999\u6AB3\u5C71\u6230\u5F79\uFF09 3. \n* \u8207\u82F1\u8ECD\u53D6\u5F97\u806F\u7E6B\uFF0C\u7A81\u7834\u5FB7\u8ECD\u9632\u7DDA\u3002 \u7136\u800C\u4EE5\u4E0A\u7684\u60C5\u6CC1\u5747\u672A\u767C\u751F\uFF0C\u82F1\u8ECD\u53D6\u5F97\u4E00\u4E9B\u9032\u5C55\u3001\u52A0\u62FF\u5927\u8ECD\u4E5F\u4F54\u9818\u4E86\u9AD8\u5730\u5F8C\uFF0C\u4F9D\u820A\u7121\u6CD5\u7A81\u7834\u5FB7\u8ECD\u7684\u9632\u7DDA\u3002\u6CD5\u8ECD\u65BC\u653B\u52E2\u4E2D\u627F\u53D7\u4E86\u5927\u91CF\u7684\u50B7\u4EA1\uFF0C\u8FC5\u901F\u5F15\u7206\u4E86\u58EB\u5175\u5C0D\u6230\u722D\u5132\u84C4\u5DF2\u4E45\u7684\u58D3\u529B\uFF0C\u524D\u7DDA\u51FA\u73FE\u4E86\u5927\u91CF\u8ECD\u7D00\u6E19\u6563\u8207\u5175\u8B8A\u7684\u4E8B\u4EF6\uFF081917\u5E74\u6CD5\u8ECD\u5927\u5629\u8B8A\u4E8B\u4EF6\uFF09\uFF0C\u6CD5\u8ECD\u9818\u5C0E\u5C64\u4E4B\u5F8C\u4E5F\u5927\u5E45\u5EA6\u66F4\u52D5\uFF0C\u5C3C\u7DAD\u723E\u7684\u8077\u52D9\u4EA6\u7531\u83F2\u5229\u666E\u00B7\u8C9D\u7576\u6240\u53D6\u4EE3\u3002"@zh . . . "247"^^ . . . . . . . . "La Nivelle-ofensivo estis aliancana atako en 1917 en la okcidenta fronto, dum la unua mondmilito. La aliancanoj (\u0109efe la francoj) planis perdon de \u0109. 10.000 soldatoj en amba\u016D flanko kaj finon de la milito ene de 48 horoj. La atakon gvidis Robert Nivelle kaj tio komenci\u011Dis la 16-an de aprilo 1917 post apogo de la franca \u0109efministro. En la ofensivo partoprenis 1,2 milionoj da soldatoj kaj 7.000 artileriaj unuoj inter kaj Reims. La atako fokusis je germana pozicio \u0109e rivero Aisne en la . la plano estis evoluigita ekde decembro de 1916 kaj \u011Dis aprilo de 1917 eksciis pri \u011Di la germanoj, kiuj tiel anta\u016Dpreparis la defendadon. La ofensivo alportis etetan teritorian gajnon de la aliancanoj, fini\u011Dis la 9-an de majo 1917. Nivelle estis forigita, fini\u011Dis lia kariero. La francoj mem havis perdon de 187.000 soldatoj, ka\u016Dzante lar\u011Dan ribelon en la franca armeo. La franca dua divizio alvenis e\u0109 la batakampon drinkinta kaj sen armiloj."@eo . 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"Ofensiva de Nivelle"@es . . "the Western Front of the First World War"@en . "\u041D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F \u041D\u0456\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044F (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Nivelle Offensive, \u0444\u0440. Bataille du Chemin des Dames) (16 \u043A\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043D\u044F \u2014 9 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u044F 1917) \u2014 \u043D\u0430\u0439\u043C\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043D\u0456\u0448\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0430 \u043E\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044F \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A \u0441\u043E\u044E\u0437\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0456\u0432 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438 \u043D\u0456\u043C\u0435\u0446\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0430\u0440\u043C\u0456\u0457 \u043D\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0444\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0456 \u043F\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043E\u0457 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0438. \u0411\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043E\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443 \u043F\u043E \u0456\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0456 \u0433\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0443\u0437\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0430\u0440\u043C\u0456\u0457 \u0433\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0420\u043E\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u041D\u0456\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044F. \u041F\u043E\u0442\u0443\u0436\u043D\u0430 \u0441\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0431\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0444\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0442 \u043E\u0431\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0438 \u043D\u0456\u043C\u0435\u0446\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A \u0437\u0430\u043A\u0456\u043D\u0447\u0438\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044F \u0431\u0435\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043B\u044C\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043D\u043E \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0441\u043E\u044E\u0437\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A \u0437 \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0441\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438. \u041F\u0440\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0443\u0436\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u043F\u0456\u0434\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0446\u0456 \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043B\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u0456 \u0442\u0430\u043D\u043A\u0456\u0432 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u0444\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0443\u0437\u044C\u043A\u0438\u043C \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430\u043C \u0432\u0434\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044F \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 2 \u043B\u0456\u043D\u0456\u0457 \u043E\u0431\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430, \u0430\u043B\u0435 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044C\u043E\u044E \u043B\u0456\u043D\u0456\u0454\u044E \u0457\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0431\u0443\u043B\u043E \u0437\u0443\u043F\u0438\u043D\u0435\u043D\u043E \u043D\u0456\u043C\u0446\u044F\u043C\u0438. \u041D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0443 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0456 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u00AB\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F\u00BB \u043E\u0431\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0438 \u0456 \u0441\u0443\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0436\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0441\u044F \u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0437\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438 (\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0430\u0434 200 \u0442\u0438\u0441. \u043E\u0441\u0456\u0431). \u00AB\u0411\u0456\u0439\u043D\u044F\u00BB \u041D\u0456\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044F \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u043E\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0443 \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0456\u0457, \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0456 \u0445\u0432\u0438\u043B\u044E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0432 16 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043F\u0443\u0441\u0430\u0445, \u0436\u043E\u0440\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043A\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u044F\u0434\u043E\u043C. 15 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u044F \u041D\u0456\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044C \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0437\u043D\u044F\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0437 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0433\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430."@uk . . "\u5C3C\u7DAD\u723E\u653B\u52E2\uFF08Nivelle Offensive\uFF09\u662F\u7B2C\u4E00\u6B21\u4E16\u754C\u5927\u6230\u4E00\u5834\u7531\u6CD5\u8ECD\u65BC\u897F\u7DDA\u5C0D\u5FB7\u8ECD\u767C\u52D5\u7684\u653B\u52E2\u884C\u52D5\uFF0C\u524D\u8005\u5141\u8AFE\u9019\u6B21\u7684\u653B\u64CA\u5C07\u572848\u5C0F\u6642\u5167\u7D50\u675F\u6230\u722D\uFF0C\u50B7\u4EA1\u4EBA\u6578\u4E5F\u61C9\u6703\u5728\u4E00\u842C\u4EBA\u4E0A\u4E0B\uFF0C\u4F46\u6700\u7D42\u9019\u5169\u9805\u4F30\u8A08\u90FD\u932F\u8AA4\u3002\u653B\u52E2\u4E3B\u8981\u5206\u70BA\u4E09\u500B\u968E\u6BB5\uFF1A 1. \n* \u82F1\u570B\u8207\u5176\u81EA\u6CBB\u9818\u8ECD\u968A\u7684\u7B2C1\u3001\u7B2C3\u8207\u7B2C5\u8ECD\u5718\u5C07\u767C\u52D5\u5C0D\u963F\u62C9\u65AF\u7684\uFF0C\u65E8\u5728\u4F54\u9818\u9AD8\u5730\u4F4D\u7F6E\u548C\u5C07\u5FB7\u8ECD\u81EA\u6CD5\u8ECD\u524D\u7DDA\u9010\u51FA\u3002 2. \n* \u6CD5\u8ECD\u4EE5\u8CB4\u5A66\u5C0F\u5F91\u70BA\u76EE\u6A19\u5C55\u958B\u653B\u52E2\uFF08\u5373\u548C\u9999\u6AB3\u5C71\u6230\u5F79\uFF09 3. \n* \u8207\u82F1\u8ECD\u53D6\u5F97\u806F\u7E6B\uFF0C\u7A81\u7834\u5FB7\u8ECD\u9632\u7DDA\u3002 \u7136\u800C\u4EE5\u4E0A\u7684\u60C5\u6CC1\u5747\u672A\u767C\u751F\uFF0C\u82F1\u8ECD\u53D6\u5F97\u4E00\u4E9B\u9032\u5C55\u3001\u52A0\u62FF\u5927\u8ECD\u4E5F\u4F54\u9818\u4E86\u9AD8\u5730\u5F8C\uFF0C\u4F9D\u820A\u7121\u6CD5\u7A81\u7834\u5FB7\u8ECD\u7684\u9632\u7DDA\u3002\u6CD5\u8ECD\u65BC\u653B\u52E2\u4E2D\u627F\u53D7\u4E86\u5927\u91CF\u7684\u50B7\u4EA1\uFF0C\u8FC5\u901F\u5F15\u7206\u4E86\u58EB\u5175\u5C0D\u6230\u722D\u5132\u84C4\u5DF2\u4E45\u7684\u58D3\u529B\uFF0C\u524D\u7DDA\u51FA\u73FE\u4E86\u5927\u91CF\u8ECD\u7D00\u6E19\u6563\u8207\u5175\u8B8A\u7684\u4E8B\u4EF6\uFF081917\u5E74\u6CD5\u8ECD\u5927\u5629\u8B8A\u4E8B\u4EF6\uFF09\uFF0C\u6CD5\u8ECD\u9818\u5C0E\u5C64\u4E4B\u5F8C\u4E5F\u5927\u5E45\u5EA6\u66F4\u52D5\uFF0C\u5C3C\u7DAD\u723E\u7684\u8077\u52D9\u4EA6\u7531\u83F2\u5229\u666E\u00B7\u8C9D\u7576\u6240\u53D6\u4EE3\u3002"@zh . . . . . 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"Ofensywa Nivelle\u2019a"@pl . . . . . "850,000 troops" . . . . "--04-16"^^ . . . . . . "49.5"^^ . . . . . . "49.5 3.5" . "Nivellova ofenz\u00EDva byl \u00FAtok britsk\u00FDch a francouzsk\u00FDch vojsk proti N\u011Bmc\u016Fm, kter\u00FD se odehr\u00E1l na z\u00E1padn\u00ED front\u011B za prvn\u00ED sv\u011Btov\u00E9 v\u00E1lky ve dnech 9. dubna a\u017E 9. kv\u011Btna 1917."@cs . . . . . . "\u041D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u041D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0301\u043B\u044F (\u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u043F\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u00AB\u0411\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u041D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044F\u00BB, \u00AB\u0411\u043E\u0439\u043D\u044F \u041D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044F\u00BB \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u00AB\u041C\u044F\u0441\u043E\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043A\u0430 \u041D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044F\u00BB). 16 \u0430\u043F\u0440\u0435\u043B\u044F 1917 \u2014 \u043C\u0430\u0439 1917. \u041A\u0440\u0443\u043F\u043D\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u044B \u043F\u043E \u043A\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445. \u041D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043E \u043F\u043E \u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0438 \u0433\u043B\u0430\u0432\u043D\u043E\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043E \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0443\u0437\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u043C\u0438\u0438 \u0420\u043E\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u041D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044F. \u0417\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0447\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044C \u043F\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u0410\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0442\u044B. \u041D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u041D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044F \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u043E \u0441\u0438\u043C\u0432\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043C \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u044B\u0441\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0447\u0435\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432."@ru . "Russia" . "285"^^ . . . . . . . "\u0647\u062C\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u064A\u0641\u0644"@ar . . . "\u041D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u041D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044F"@ru . . "\u30CB\u30F4\u30A7\u30EB\u653B\u52E2\uFF08\u30CB\u30F4\u30A7\u30EB\u3053\u3046\u305B\u3044\u3001\u82F1\u8A9E: Nivelle Offensive\u3001\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8A9E: Offensive Nivelle\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u7B2C\u4E00\u6B21\u4E16\u754C\u5927\u6226\u4E2D1917\u5E74\u306E\u897F\u90E8\u6226\u7DDA\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u9023\u5408\u56FD\u8ECD\u306B\u3088\u308B\u653B\u52E2\u3002\u5927\u304D\u306A\u640D\u5BB3\u3092\u51FA\u3057\u5931\u6557\u306B\u7D42\u308F\u3063\u305F\u3002\u5185\u5BB9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5E7E\u3064\u304B\u306E\u5C40\u9762\u3092\u542B\u3080\u3002 \n* \u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u7B2C\u4E00\u3001\u7B2C\u4E09\u3001\u7B2C\u4E94\u8ECD\u306B\u3088\u308B\u30A2\u30E9\u30B9\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u6E96\u5099\u653B\u6483\u3002\u3068\u3092\u53C2\u7167\u3002 \n* \u306E\u5C3E\u6839\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8ECD\u306B\u3088\u308B\u5F37\u8972\u3002\uFF08\u7B2C\u4E09\u6B21\u30B7\u30E3\u30F3\u30D1\u30FC\u30CB\u30E5\u4F1A\u6226\u3068\u3082\uFF09\u3092\u53C2\u7167\u3002 \n* \u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u8ECD\u306E\u6226\u7DDA\u3092\u7A81\u7834\u3057\u305F\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u8ECD\u3068\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8ECD\u306E\u5408\u6D41\u3002 \n* \u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8ECD\u5185\u90E8\u306B\u751F\u3058\u305F\u52D5\u63FA\u30021917\u5E74\u306E\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8ECD\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u6297\u547D\u3068\u8ECD\u898F\u9055\u53CD\uFF08\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8ECD\u53CD\u4E71\uFF09\u3092\u53C2\u7167\u3002"@ja . . . . . . "41165"^^ . . . . . . "Nivelleoffensiven"@sv . . "Ofensiva Nivelle"@pt . . . . . "Nivelle offensive"@en . . "Nivelleoffensiven, \u00E4ven Andra slaget vid Aisne eller Tredje slaget i Champagne kallas det storanfall under f\u00F6rsta v\u00E4rldskriget som genomf\u00F6rdes p\u00E5 v\u00E4stfronten 16 april-9 maj 1917 under ledning av den nye franske \u00F6verbef\u00E4lhavaren Robert Nivelle. Han avs\u00E5g att bryta igenom de tyska st\u00E4llningarna med en brittisk st\u00F6doffensiv vid Arras och en stor fransk offensiv i Champagne. Offensiven misslyckades fullst\u00E4ndigt, den franska arm\u00E9ns stridsmoral br\u00F6ts allvarligt ned och Nivelle fick avg\u00E5."@sv . . . "Robert Nivelle"@en . . ""@en . "The Nivelle offensive (16 April \u2013 9 May 1917) was a Franco-British operation on the Western Front in the First World War which was named after General Robert Nivelle, the commander-in-chief of the French metropolitan armies, who led the offensive. The French part of the offensive was intended to be strategically decisive by breaking through the German defences on the Aisne front within 48 hours, with casualties expected to be around 10,000 men. A preliminary attack was to be made by the French Third Army at St Quentin and the British First, Third and Fifth armies at Arras, to capture high ground and divert German reserves from the French fronts on the Aisne and in Champagne. The main offensive was to be delivered by the French on the Chemin des Dames ridge (the Second Battle of the Aisne). A subsidiary attack was to be made by the Fourth Army (the Third Battle of Champagne). The final stage of the offensive was to follow the meeting of the British and French armies, having broken through the German lines, to pursue the defeated German armies towards the German frontier. The Franco-British attacks were tactically successful; the French Third Army of Groupe d'arm\u00E9es du Nord (GAN, Northern Army Group) captured the German defences west of the Hindenburg Line (Siegfriedstellung) near St Quentin from 1 to 4 April, before further attacks were repulsed. The British Third and First armies achieved the deepest advance since trench warfare began, along the Scarpe river in the Battle of Arras, which inflicted many casualties on the Germans, attracted reserves and captured Vimy Ridge to the north. The main French offensive on the Aisne began on 16 April and also achieved considerable tactical success but the attempt to force a strategically decisive battle on the Germans was a costly failure and by 25 April the main offensive had been suspended. The failure of the Nivelle strategy and the high number of French casualties led to mutinies, the dismissal of Nivelle, his replacement by Philippe P\u00E9tain and the adoption of a defensive strategy by the French, while their armies recuperated and rearmed. Fighting known as the Battle of the Observatories continued for local advantage all summer on the Chemin des Dames and along the Moronvilliers heights east of Reims. In late October, the French conducted the Battle of La Malmaison (23\u201327 October), a limited-objective attack on the west end of the Chemin-des-Dames, which forced the Germans to abandon their remaining positions on the ridge and retire across the Ailette valley. The British remained on the offensive for the rest of the year fighting the battles of Messines, 3rd Ypres and Cambrai."@en . . . "Ofensywa Nivelle\u2019a \u2013 ofensywa wojsk francuskich i brytyjskich przeprowadzona na froncie zachodnim podczas I wojny \u015Bwiatowej przeciwko si\u0142om niemieckim. Rozpocz\u0119ta 9 kwietnia, trwa\u0142a do 9 maja 1917. Plan jej opracowa\u0142 szef Sztabu Generalnego genera\u0142 Robert Nivelle. Ofensywa zako\u0144czy\u0142a si\u0119 niepowodzeniem wojsk francuskich i usuni\u0119ciem ze stanowiska Roberta Nivelle\u2019a."@pl . . "Ofensywa Nivelle\u2019a \u2013 ofensywa wojsk francuskich i brytyjskich przeprowadzona na froncie zachodnim podczas I wojny \u015Bwiatowej przeciwko si\u0142om niemieckim. Rozpocz\u0119ta 9 kwietnia, trwa\u0142a do 9 maja 1917. Plan jej opracowa\u0142 szef Sztabu Generalnego genera\u0142 Robert Nivelle. Ofensywa zako\u0144czy\u0142a si\u0119 niepowodzeniem wojsk francuskich i usuni\u0119ciem ze stanowiska Roberta Nivelle\u2019a."@pl . . . . . . . . "Tweede Slag bij de Aisne"@nl . . "Nivelle Ofentsiba (1917ko apirilaren 16tik maiatzaren 9ra iraun zuena) Lehen Mundu Gerran Mendebaldeko frontean armada franko-britainiarrek antolatutako erasoaldi bat izan zen. Robert Georges Nivelle frantziar jeneral nagusiaren omenez izendatu zen, Ekialdeko frontean egin zen bezala. Erasoaren parte frantziarrak estrategikoki erabakigarria izateko helburua zeukan Aisne ibaiaren frontean. Haren helburua erasoa hasi eta 48 ordu igaro baino lehen Alemaniar Inperioaren defentsak apurtzea zen eta 10.000 gizonen galera gutxi-gora-behera eragingo zuela uste zen. Frantziako Hirugarren Armadak San Quintinen aurretiazko erasoa egin beharko zuen Britainiar Lehen, Hirugarren eta Bosgarren Armadek Arrasen berea egiten zuten bitartean, lur garaiak harrapatzeko. Honen helburua alemaniarrak Aisne ibaiak"@eu . . . . . . . "2003"^^ . . . "Northern France"@en . "250"^^ . . . "L'offensiva Nivelle fu un attacco francese avvenuto nel 1917 sul fronte occidentale durante la prima guerra mondiale. Nonostante fosse stato pianificato di far terminare, attraverso questo attacco, la guerra entro 48 ore e con perdite che si sarebbero assestate attorno alle 10.000 unit\u00E0, questa offensiva non riusc\u00EC a raggiungere nessuno di questi due obbiettivi. L'elevato numero di perdite che fu registrato caus\u00F2, tra l'altro, una vasta diserzione tra le file dell'esercito francese e port\u00F2 a un cambio ai vertici dello Stato Maggiore."@it . "\u041D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F \u041D\u0456\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044F (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Nivelle Offensive, \u0444\u0440. Bataille du Chemin des Dames) (16 \u043A\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043D\u044F \u2014 9 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u044F 1917) \u2014 \u043D\u0430\u0439\u043C\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043D\u0456\u0448\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0430 \u043E\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044F \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A \u0441\u043E\u044E\u0437\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0456\u0432 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438 \u043D\u0456\u043C\u0435\u0446\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0430\u0440\u043C\u0456\u0457 \u043D\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0444\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0456 \u043F\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043E\u0457 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0438. \u0411\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043E\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443 \u043F\u043E \u0456\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0456 \u0433\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0443\u0437\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0430\u0440\u043C\u0456\u0457 \u0433\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0420\u043E\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u041D\u0456\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044F. \u041F\u043E\u0442\u0443\u0436\u043D\u0430 \u0441\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0431\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0444\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0442 \u043E\u0431\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0438 \u043D\u0456\u043C\u0435\u0446\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A \u0437\u0430\u043A\u0456\u043D\u0447\u0438\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044F \u0431\u0435\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043B\u044C\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043D\u043E \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0441\u043E\u044E\u0437\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A \u0437 \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0441\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438."@uk . . . . "Nivelle offensive"@en . . . . "The Western Front, 1917"@en . . . "7,000 guns, 128 tanks" . . "Erich Ludendorff"@en . . "POINT(3.5 49.5)"^^ . . "La Ofensiva de Nivelle (llamada en franc\u00E9s Bataille du Chemin des dames) fue una operaci\u00F3n franco-brit\u00E1nica en el frente occidental en la Primera Guerra Mundial. La parte francesa de la ofensiva ten\u00EDa la intenci\u00F3n de ser estrat\u00E9gicamente decisiva al romper las defensas alemanas en el frente de Aisne en 48 horas, y se esperaba que las v\u00EDctimas sean alrededor de 10 000 hombres. El tercer ej\u00E9rcito franc\u00E9s en St Quentin y los ej\u00E9rcitos brit\u00E1nico primero, tercero y quinto en Arras deb\u00EDan realizar un ataque preliminar para capturar terreno elevado y desviar las reservas alemanas de los frentes franceses en Aisne y Champagne. La ofensiva principal deb\u00EDa ser entregada por los franceses en la cordillera Chemin des Dames (la Segunda Batalla de Aisne, La bataille du Chemin des Dames, Seconde bataille"@es . . . . "1917-05-09"^^ . . . . . . "Serangan Nivelle (1917) adalah serangan Sekutu di blok Barat pada Perang Dunia I."@in . . . "Nivellova ofenz\u00EDva"@cs . . "\u5C3C\u7DAD\u723E\u653B\u52E2"@zh . 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"\u30CB\u30F4\u30A7\u30EB\u653B\u52E2\uFF08\u30CB\u30F4\u30A7\u30EB\u3053\u3046\u305B\u3044\u3001\u82F1\u8A9E: Nivelle Offensive\u3001\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8A9E: Offensive Nivelle\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u7B2C\u4E00\u6B21\u4E16\u754C\u5927\u6226\u4E2D1917\u5E74\u306E\u897F\u90E8\u6226\u7DDA\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u9023\u5408\u56FD\u8ECD\u306B\u3088\u308B\u653B\u52E2\u3002\u5927\u304D\u306A\u640D\u5BB3\u3092\u51FA\u3057\u5931\u6557\u306B\u7D42\u308F\u3063\u305F\u3002\u5185\u5BB9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5E7E\u3064\u304B\u306E\u5C40\u9762\u3092\u542B\u3080\u3002 \n* \u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u7B2C\u4E00\u3001\u7B2C\u4E09\u3001\u7B2C\u4E94\u8ECD\u306B\u3088\u308B\u30A2\u30E9\u30B9\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u6E96\u5099\u653B\u6483\u3002\u3068\u3092\u53C2\u7167\u3002 \n* \u306E\u5C3E\u6839\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8ECD\u306B\u3088\u308B\u5F37\u8972\u3002\uFF08\u7B2C\u4E09\u6B21\u30B7\u30E3\u30F3\u30D1\u30FC\u30CB\u30E5\u4F1A\u6226\u3068\u3082\uFF09\u3092\u53C2\u7167\u3002 \n* \u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u8ECD\u306E\u6226\u7DDA\u3092\u7A81\u7834\u3057\u305F\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u8ECD\u3068\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8ECD\u306E\u5408\u6D41\u3002 \n* \u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8ECD\u5185\u90E8\u306B\u751F\u3058\u305F\u52D5\u63FA\u30021917\u5E74\u306E\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8ECD\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u6297\u547D\u3068\u8ECD\u898F\u9055\u53CD\uFF08\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8ECD\u53CD\u4E71\uFF09\u3092\u53C2\u7167\u3002"@ja . . "Het Nivelle-offensief, ook de Tweede Slag aan de Aisne genoemd was een Frans offensief van 16 april tot 9 mei 1917, onder leiding van de pas tot opperbevelhebber gepromoveerde Robert Nivelle. Hij beloofde een doorbraak aan het Westfront zonder veel verliezen hoeven te lijden. De aanval liep echter op niets uit en was de oorzaak van grootschalige muiterijen in het Franse leger."@nl . . . . . "Het Nivelle-offensief, ook de Tweede Slag aan de Aisne genoemd was een Frans offensief van 16 april tot 9 mei 1917, onder leiding van de pas tot opperbevelhebber gepromoveerde Robert Nivelle. Hij beloofde een doorbraak aan het Westfront zonder veel verliezen hoeven te lijden. De aanval liep echter op niets uit en was de oorzaak van grootschalige muiterijen in het Franse leger. Generaal Nivelle plande een offensief aan de rivier de Aisne tussen de steden Reims en Soissons, waartussen de beruchte Chemin des Dames gelegen was. Het Duitse front hier moest binnen twee dagen volledig doorbroken worden met behulp van een kruipende barrage. Vlak hierna zou de infanterie de laatste werkjes afmaken. Eens de doorbraak bewerkstelligd was, zouden alle beschikbare reserves door dat gat gestuurd worden. In maart leek het offensief uitgesteld te worden: de Duitsers trokken zich achter de pas aangelegde Hindenburglinie terug. Hierdoor viel een deel van het aanvalsfront in feite weg, maar Nivelle wou koste wat kost de aanval starten. Na een voorbereidend artilleriebombardement van 10 dagen, waardoor het verrassingseffect vervloog, begonnen op 16 april de eerste infanterieaanvallen. Er werd slechts langzaam vooruitgang geboekt. De kruipende barrage zou zich voor het voetvolk moeten bevinden, maar hier liep de infanterie ver voorop en zonder artilleriesteun waren verdere aanvallen eigenlijk gedoemd vast te lopen op het Duitse mitrailleurvuur. Een bijkomende oorzaak van dit gebeuren kan ook gevonden worden in een lek in de Franse beveiliging: enkele weken voor de aanval konden de Duitsers een loopgraaf op de Fransen veroveren. In een bunker, hieraan verbonden, lag een volledig uitgewerkt plan van de nakende aanval. Hierdoor waren de Duitsers in staat te weten waar, wanneer en hoe het offensief zou plaatsvinden. Waar de Franse hoofdmacht aanviel, hadden de Duitsers hun verdediging het meest versterkt. Ook het gebruik van de nieuwe zware Schneidertanks en Saint-Chamondtanks liep niet gesmeerd. Ze leden enorm onder mechanische storingen, bleven vaak in granaattrechters vaststeken en werden vervolgens als kanonnenvoer door de Duitse artillerie vermorzeld. Heel kort werd echter de beoogde doorbraak gerealiseerd, maar de reserves die door dat gat gestuurd moesten worden, kwamen vast te zitten in lange files. Het was van korte duur: het gat werd door ijlings aangevoerde Duitse versterkingen gedicht. De Fransen namen 28.000 Duitsers gevangen en namen enkele wapens in beslag, maar vorderden slechts 6 \u00E0 7 kilometer. Het moreel van de doorsnee Franse frontsoldaat, de poilu, dat al laag was, daalde enorm. Grootschalige muiterijen begonnen. De muiters wilden hun land weliswaar blijven verdedigen, maar waren niet meer bereid nog zinloze aanvallen uit te voeren. Ook eisten ze een verbetering van de algehele omstandigheden. Nivelle werd ontslagen en Philippe P\u00E9tain, de \"held van Verdun \" nam zijn plaats in. In juli was de discipline teruggekeerd in het Franse leger."@nl . "1116515772"^^ . "A Ofensiva de Nivelle foi um ataque dos Aliados na Frente Ocidental durante a Primeira Guerra Mundial, liderado pelo general franc\u00EAs Robert Nivelle. O objetivo dos franceses era conseguir uma vit\u00F3ria decisiva, quebrando as linhas de defesa alem\u00E3 ao longo do rio Rio Aisne. Nivelle previu que a ofensiva iria durar 48 horas e o n\u00FAmero de baixas sofridas n\u00E3o excederia 10 mil. Um ataque preliminar feito por tropas francesas seria lan\u00E7ado em St. Quentin, enquanto os brit\u00E2nicos atacariam Arras, com o objetivo de distrair os alem\u00E3es. A principal ofensiva francesa aconteceria nas cordilheiras de Chemin des Dames (a Segunda Batalha de Aisne). O plano dizia que, ap\u00F3s sobrepujarem as defesas alem\u00E3s, os ex\u00E9rcitos franceses e brit\u00E2nicos se encontrariam e perseguiriam juntos o inimigo derrotado at\u00E9 a fro"@pt . "Serangan Nivelle (1917) adalah serangan Sekutu di blok Barat pada Perang Dunia I."@in . . "1917\uB144\uC758 \uB2C8\uBCA8 \uACF5\uC138\uB294 \uC11C\uBD80 \uC804\uC120\uC5D0\uC11C \uC601\uAD6D-\uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uC5F0\uD569\uAD70\uC774 \uAC1C\uC2DC\uD55C \uACF5\uC138\uC600\uB2E4. \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uAD70\uC740 \uACF5\uC138\uC5D0\uC11C 10,000\uBA85\uC758 \uC0AC\uC0C1\uC790\uB97C \uB0B4\uBA70 48\uC2DC\uAC04 \uB9CC\uC5D0 \uC5D4\uAC15\uC758 \uB3C5\uC77C\uAD70 \uBC29\uC5B4\uC120\uC744 \uB3CC\uD30C\uD558\uBA74\uC11C \uC804\uB7B5\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uACB0\uC815\uC801\uC778 \uAC83\uC73C\uB85C \uC5EC\uACA8\uC84C\uB2E4. \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uC774 \uC0DD\uD01C\uD2F4\uC5D0\uC11C, \uADF8\uB9AC\uACE0 \uC601\uAD6D \uC81C1\uAD70\uACFC , \uC774 \uC544\uB77C\uC2A4\uC5D0\uC11C \uC608\uBE44 \uACF5\uACA9\uC744 \uAC00\uD588\uB2E4. \uC774 \uC608\uBE44\uACF5\uACA9\uC740 \uACE0\uC9C0\uB97C \uC810\uB839\uD558\uACE0 \uC5D4\uAC15\uACFC \uC0F9\uD30C\uB274 \uC9C0\uC5ED\uC758 \uB3C5\uC77C \uC608\uBE44\uAD70\uC744 \uBD84\uC0B0\uC2DC\uD0A4\uAE30 \uC704\uD568\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC8FC\uC694 \uACF5\uC138\uB294 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uAD70\uC774 \uC170\uB9F9 \uB4DC \uB2E4\uBA54 \uB2A5\uC120\uC5D0 \uACF5\uACA9\uC744 \uAC00\uD558\uB294 \uAC83\uC774\uC5C8\uACE0, \uC81C4\uAD70\uC774 \uBD80\uC218\uC801\uC778 \uACF5\uACA9\uC774 \uC774\uC5B4\uC9C8 \uC608\uC815\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uACF5\uC138\uC758 \uCD5C\uC885\uB2E8\uACC4\uB294 \uC601\uAD6D\uAD70\uACFC \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uAD70\uC774 \uB9CC\uB098 \uB3C5\uC77C\uAD70 \uC804\uC120\uC744 \uB3CC\uD30C\uD558\uACE0 \uD328\uBC30\uD55C \uB3C5\uC77C\uAD70\uC744 \uB3C5\uC77C \uAD6D\uACBD\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uCCA0\uC218\uC2DC\uD0A4\uB294 \uAC83\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uB2C8\uBCA8\uB808 \uACF5\uC138\uC758 \uC804\uB7B5\uC801 \uC2E4\uD328\uC640 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uAD70\uC758 \uB192\uC740 \uC0AC\uC0C1\uC790 \uC218\uB294 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uAD70\uC5D0\uC11C\uC758 \uD3ED\uB3D9\uACFC \uB2C8\uBCA8\uB808\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uBD88\uC2E0\uC73C\uB85C \uC774\uC5B4\uC84C\uB2E4. \uC774\uC5D0 \uB530\uB77C \uB2C8\uBCA8\uB808\uB294 \uD398\uD0F1\uC73C\uB85C \uAD50\uCCB4\uB418\uC5C8\uACE0, \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uAD70\uC740 \uBC29\uC5B4\uC804\uB7B5\uC744 \uCC44\uD0DD\uD588\uC73C\uBA70 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uAD70\uC740 \uD68C\uBCF5\uC744 \uD558\uBA70 \uC7AC\uBB34\uC7A5\uD588\uB2E4. \uAD00\uCE21\uC18C \uC804\uD22C\uB77C \uC54C\uB824\uC9C4 \uC2F8\uC6C0\uC740 \uC170\uBA69 \uB4DC \uB2E4\uBA54\uC640 \uAC15\uC744 \uB530\uB77C \uC5EC\uB984 \uB0B4\uB0B4 \uC774\uC5B4\uC84C\uB2E4.10\uC6D4 \uB9D0 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uAD70\uC740 \uC170\uB9F9 \uB4DC \uB2E4\uBA54\uC758 \uC11C\uCABD \uB05D\uC5D0 \uBAA9\uD45C \uC81C\uD55C\uC801 \uACF5\uACA9\uC778 \uB97C \uAC1C\uC2DC\uD574 \uB3C5\uC77C\uAD70 \uC544\uC774\uB808\uD14C \uD611\uACE1\uC73C\uB85C \uCCA0\uC218\uC2DC\uCF30\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . "French: 187,000" . . . "2792534"^^ . . "Nivelleoffensiven, \u00E4ven Andra slaget vid Aisne eller Tredje slaget i Champagne kallas det storanfall under f\u00F6rsta v\u00E4rldskriget som genomf\u00F6rdes p\u00E5 v\u00E4stfronten 16 april-9 maj 1917 under ledning av den nye franske \u00F6verbef\u00E4lhavaren Robert Nivelle. Han avs\u00E5g att bryta igenom de tyska st\u00E4llningarna med en brittisk st\u00F6doffensiv vid Arras och en stor fransk offensiv i Champagne. Offensiven misslyckades fullst\u00E4ndigt, den franska arm\u00E9ns stridsmoral br\u00F6ts allvarligt ned och Nivelle fick avg\u00E5."@sv . . . . "Nivelle-ofensivo"@eo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "L'offensiva Nivelle fu un attacco francese avvenuto nel 1917 sul fronte occidentale durante la prima guerra mondiale. Nonostante fosse stato pianificato di far terminare, attraverso questo attacco, la guerra entro 48 ore e con perdite che si sarebbero assestate attorno alle 10.000 unit\u00E0, questa offensiva non riusc\u00EC a raggiungere nessuno di questi due obbiettivi. L'elevato numero di perdite che fu registrato caus\u00F2, tra l'altro, una vasta diserzione tra le file dell'esercito francese e port\u00F2 a un cambio ai vertici dello Stato Maggiore."@it . "Russian: 5,183" . . . . "Offensiva Nivelle"@it . "\uB2C8\uBCA8 \uACF5\uC138"@ko . . . . "\u041D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F \u041D\u0456\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044F"@uk . "Russian: 5,183"@en . .