"239797"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Nth Country Experiment"@en . . . "L'exp\u00E9rience du \u00E9ni\u00E8me pays (Nth Country Project en anglais) fut une exp\u00E9rience men\u00E9e dans les ann\u00E9es 1960 aux \u00C9tats-Unis, dans la ville de Livermore (Californie), afin de d\u00E9terminer \u00E0 quel point il \u00E9tait facile de construire une bombe atomique. Pour cela, le gouvernement am\u00E9ricain recruta des scientifiques fra\u00EEchement dipl\u00F4m\u00E9s et sans connaissance de la bombe atomique, leur fournit un \u00E9quipement correspondant \u00E0 ce que pouvait obtenir un petit pays, notamment sans aucune information classifi\u00E9e."@fr . . . . "The Nth Country Experiment was an experiment conducted by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory starting in May 1964 which sought to assess the risk of nuclear proliferation. The experiment consisted in paying three recent young physicists who had just received their PhDs, though had no prior weapons experience, to develop a working nuclear weapon design using only unclassified information, and with basic computational and technical support. \"The goal of the participants should be to design an explosive with a militarily significant yield\", the report on the experiment read, \"A working context for the experiment might be that the participants have been asked to design a nuclear explosive which, if built in small numbers, would give a small nation a significant effect on their foreign relations.\" The experiment ended on April 10, 1967, after only three man-years of work over two and a half calendar years. According to a heavily redacted declassified version of the summary, it was apparently judged by lab weapons experts that the team had come up with a credible design for the technically more challenging implosion style nuclear weapon. It is likely that they would have been able to design a simpler gun combination weapon even more quickly, though in such a case the limiting factor in developing such a weapon is not usually design difficulty but rather the procurement of material (enriched uranium). The term \"Nth Country\" referred to the goal in assessing the difficulty in developing basic weapons design (not the development of the weapons themselves) for any potential country with a relatively small amount of technical infrastructure\u2014if the United States was the 1st country to develop nuclear weapons, and the USSR the 2nd, and so on, which would be the Nth country? Due to the increased amount of publicly available resources regarding nuclear weapons, it is reasonable to assume that a viable weapon design could be reached with even less effort today. However in the history of nuclear weapons, the development of fission weapons was never strongly hindered by basic design questions except in the very first nuclear weapons programs. The Summary Report of the Nth Country Experiment was declassified\u2014though heavily excised\u2014in 2003."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Exp\u00E9rience du \u00E9ni\u00E8me pays"@fr . . . "\u0415\u043A\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442 n-\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D\u0438"@uk . "1084693794"^^ . . "The Nth Country Experiment was an experiment conducted by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory starting in May 1964 which sought to assess the risk of nuclear proliferation. The experiment consisted in paying three recent young physicists who had just received their PhDs, though had no prior weapons experience, to develop a working nuclear weapon design using only unclassified information, and with basic computational and technical support. \"The goal of the participants should be to design an explosive with a militarily significant yield\", the report on the experiment read, \"A working context for the experiment might be that the participants have been asked to design a nuclear explosive which, if built in small numbers, would give a small nation a significant effect on their foreign rela"@en . . . "4859"^^ . . . . . . "\u0415\u043A\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442 n-\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D\u0438 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Nth Country Experiment) \u2014 \u0435\u043A\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442, \u0437\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0443 \u041B\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043C\u043E\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u043D\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u043B\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0457, \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u044E \u044F\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0431\u0443\u043B\u043E \u043E\u0446\u0456\u043D\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0437\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0457. \u041D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443 \u00ABn-\u043D\u0430 \u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D\u0430\u00BB \u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043D\u043E \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0431\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043E\u0446\u0456\u043D\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0437\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0457 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D \u0456\u0437 \u043F\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043D\u044F\u043D\u043E \u043D\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u044E \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043D\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u044E \u0456\u043D\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043E\u044E: \u044F\u043A\u0449\u043E \u0421\u0428\u0410 \u0431\u0443\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043E\u044E \u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D\u043E\u044E, \u044F\u043A\u0430 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0440\u043E\u0431\u0438\u043B\u0430 \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0443 \u0437\u0431\u0440\u043E\u044E, \u0421\u0420\u0421\u0420 \u2014 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043E\u044E, \u0421\u043F\u043E\u043B\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0435 \u041A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E \u2014 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044C\u043E\u044E \u0456 \u0442. \u0434., \u0442\u043E \u044F\u043A\u0430 \u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 n-\u043D\u043E\u044E \u0432 \u0446\u044C\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0441\u043F\u0438\u0441\u043A\u0443? \u00AB\u0417\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F\u043C \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0456\u0432 \u043C\u0430\u0454 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u044E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0445\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u044E, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F.\u00BB"@uk . . . "L'exp\u00E9rience du \u00E9ni\u00E8me pays (Nth Country Project en anglais) fut une exp\u00E9rience men\u00E9e dans les ann\u00E9es 1960 aux \u00C9tats-Unis, dans la ville de Livermore (Californie), afin de d\u00E9terminer \u00E0 quel point il \u00E9tait facile de construire une bombe atomique. Pour cela, le gouvernement am\u00E9ricain recruta des scientifiques fra\u00EEchement dipl\u00F4m\u00E9s et sans connaissance de la bombe atomique, leur fournit un \u00E9quipement correspondant \u00E0 ce que pouvait obtenir un petit pays, notamment sans aucune information classifi\u00E9e. Ils r\u00E9ussirent, et m\u00EAme si leur bombe n'explosa jamais r\u00E9ellement, elle fut simul\u00E9e plusieurs fois. Ainsi, le monde militaire apprenait que \"n\u2019importe qui\" peut cr\u00E9er une bombe atomique. La seule chose r\u00E9ellement sous contr\u00F4le par les gouvernements \u00E9tant l'acc\u00E8s \u00E0 la mati\u00E8re fissile. \u00AB Jay Davis [\u2026], durant l\u2019\u00E8re Clinton, essaya sans succ\u00E8s de convaincre les laboratoires d\u2019armes de lancer une nouvelle version de l\u2019exp\u00E9rience \u00C9ni\u00E8me Pays, cette fois en posant la question de savoir si un groupe terroriste pouvait construire la bombe. Bob Selden pense savoir pourquoi personne ne fut int\u00E9ress\u00E9 : lui et Dave Dobson avaient d\u00E9j\u00E0 r\u00E9pondu \u00E0 la question voici quarante ans. \u00BB Cependant, beaucoup de publicit\u00E9 a \u00E9t\u00E9 faite autour de cette exp\u00E9rience peu apr\u00E8s les attentats du 11 septembre. On conna\u00EEt[\u00E9vasif] le travail m\u00E9diatique qui a \u00E9t\u00E9 fait pour convaincre de la pr\u00E9sence d'armes de destruction massive en Irak ou chez Al-Qa\u00EFda. La possibilit\u00E9 d'une intoxication reste envisageable, en l'absence de lecture exhaustive des documents d'\u00E9poque."@fr . . . . . . . . . . "\u0415\u043A\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442 n-\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D\u0438 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Nth Country Experiment) \u2014 \u0435\u043A\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442, \u0437\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0443 \u041B\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043C\u043E\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u043D\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u043B\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0457, \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u044E \u044F\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0431\u0443\u043B\u043E \u043E\u0446\u0456\u043D\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0437\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0457. \u041D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443 \u00ABn-\u043D\u0430 \u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D\u0430\u00BB \u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043D\u043E \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0431\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043E\u0446\u0456\u043D\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0437\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0457 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D \u0456\u0437 \u043F\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043D\u044F\u043D\u043E \u043D\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u044E \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043D\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u044E \u0456\u043D\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043E\u044E: \u044F\u043A\u0449\u043E \u0421\u0428\u0410 \u0431\u0443\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043E\u044E \u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D\u043E\u044E, \u044F\u043A\u0430 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0440\u043E\u0431\u0438\u043B\u0430 \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0443 \u0437\u0431\u0440\u043E\u044E, \u0421\u0420\u0421\u0420 \u2014 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043E\u044E, \u0421\u043F\u043E\u043B\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0435 \u041A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E \u2014 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044C\u043E\u044E \u0456 \u0442. \u0434., \u0442\u043E \u044F\u043A\u0430 \u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 n-\u043D\u043E\u044E \u0432 \u0446\u044C\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0441\u043F\u0438\u0441\u043A\u0443? \u041D\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043A\u0443 \u0435\u043A\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0443 \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u0456 1964 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0443 \u0442\u0440\u044C\u043E\u043C \u043C\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043C \u0444\u0456\u0437\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043C, \u044F\u043A\u0456 \u0442\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043A\u0438-\u043D\u043E \u043E\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u043D\u0430\u0443\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u0435\u043D\u0456 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. PhD) \u0456 \u043D\u0435 \u043C\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u043D\u0456\u044F\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0437\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0457, \u0431\u0443\u043B\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043E \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0440\u043E\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0439\u043D \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0437\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0457, \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0443\u044E\u0447\u0438 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0446\u044C\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043B\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u043D\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043A\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0443 \u0456\u043D\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044E \u0439 \u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043D\u0443 \u043E\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043B\u044E\u0432\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043D\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0443 \u043F\u0456\u0434\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043C\u043A\u0443. \u00AB\u0417\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F\u043C \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0456\u0432 \u043C\u0430\u0454 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u044E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0445\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u044E, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F.\u00BB \u041E\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0456\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043A\u0441\u0442 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B.)The goal of the participants should be to design an explosive with a militarily significant yield \u00AB\u0420\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0447\u0438\u043C \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0435\u043A\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043C \u0435\u043A\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0443 \u043C\u043E\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0435, \u0449\u043E \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0456\u0432 \u043F\u043E\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0441\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0445\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0439, \u044F\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u043D\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u043A\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0441\u043F\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043D\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0441\u0443\u0442\u0442\u0454\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0435\u0444\u0435\u043A\u0442 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043D\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D \u0443 \u0457\u0445\u043D\u0456\u0445 \u0437\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0448\u0456\u043D\u044C\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0445.\u00BB \u041E\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0456\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043A\u0441\u0442 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B.)A working context for the experiment might be that the participants have been asked to design a nuclear explosive which, if built in small numbers, would give a small nation a significant effect on their foreign relations. \u0415\u043A\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0441\u044F 10 \u043A\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043D\u044F 1967 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0443 \u043F\u0456\u0441\u043B\u044F \u0442\u0440\u044C\u043E\u0445 \u0440\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0438. \u0417\u0433\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E \u0437 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043E\u044E \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0456\u0454\u044E \u0440\u0435\u0437\u044E\u043C\u0435, \u0435\u043A\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438 \u0437 \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0437\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0438\u043B\u0438, \u0449\u043E \u043A\u043E\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u0442\u043E\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0438\u043B\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0434\u043E\u043F\u043E\u0434\u0456\u0431\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0439\u043D, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043D\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u043D\u0456\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0456\u043C\u043F\u043B\u043E\u0437\u0438\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0434 \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0437\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0457. \u0406\u043C\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0440\u043D\u043E, \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0434 \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0437\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u043E\u043D\u0438 \u043C\u043E\u0433\u043B\u0438 \u0431 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0448\u0435, \u0445\u043E\u0447\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043F\u0430\u0434\u043A\u0443 \u043E\u0431\u043C\u0435\u0436\u0443\u044E\u0447\u0438\u043C \u0444\u0430\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043C \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0431\u0438 \u043D\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0439\u043D \u0431\u043E\u043C\u0431\u0438, \u0430 \u043D\u0430\u044F\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0437\u0431\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0443\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0443. \u0423 \u0437\u0432'\u044F\u0437\u043A\u0443 \u0437\u0456 \u0437\u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u0448\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F\u043C \u043D\u0430\u044F\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0456\u043D\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0441\u0442\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0437\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0457, \u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043F\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0438, \u0449\u043E \u0441\u044C\u043E\u0433\u043E\u0434\u043D\u0456 \u0440\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043D\u0442 \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0431\u043E\u043C\u0431\u0438 \u043C\u043E\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043D\u043E \u0437 \u043C\u0435\u043D\u0448\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043B\u043B\u044F\u043C\u0438. \u0425\u043E\u0447\u0430, \u044F\u043A \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u044F \u0440\u043E\u0437\u043F\u043E\u0432\u0441\u044E\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0430\u0442\u043E\u043C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0437\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0457, \u043E\u043A\u0440\u0456\u043C \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C \u0421\u0428\u0410 \u0442\u0430 \u0421\u0420\u0421\u0420, \u0457\u0457 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0440\u043E\u0431\u043A\u0430 \u043D\u0456\u043A\u043E\u043B\u0438 \u043E\u0441\u043E\u0431\u043B\u0438\u0432\u043E \u043D\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043D\u044E\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044F \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043D\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0456 \u043F\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F. \u0417\u0432\u0456\u0442 \u043F\u0440\u043E \u0435\u043A\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442 \u0431\u0443\u043B\u043E \u043E\u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0456\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043E, \u0445\u043E\u0447\u0430 \u0456 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0456, 2003 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0443."@uk . .