. . . . . "Oboe (akronim ang. Observer Bombing Over Enemy) \u2013 brytyjski system radionawigacji s\u0142u\u017C\u0105cy do dok\u0142adnego naprowadzania samolot\u00F3w bombowych w czasie II wojny \u015Bwiatowej. Opracowany zosta\u0142 oko\u0142o 1942 roku jako uzupe\u0142nienie systemu nawigacyjnego Gee. System oparty by\u0142 na dw\u00F3ch radiolatarniach pracuj\u0105ce na cz\u0119stotliwo\u015Bci 220 MHz po\u0142\u0105czonych kablem w celu synchronizacji. Dok\u0142adno\u015B\u0107 wyznaczania pozycji by\u0142a wysoka z promieniem b\u0142\u0119du wynosz\u0105cym oko\u0142o 110 metr\u00F3w przy w zasi\u0119gu 400 km."@pl . . . "Oboe"@pl . . . . . . . . "Oboe (navigation)"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . "Le oboe \u00E9tait un syst\u00E8me de localisation des objectifs destin\u00E9 au bombardement a\u00E9rien sans visibilit\u00E9 et utilis\u00E9 par les Britanniques au cours de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Il \u00E9tait fond\u00E9 sur la technologie des transpondeurs radio. Ce syst\u00E8me a \u00E9t\u00E9 employ\u00E9 la premi\u00E8re fois en d\u00E9cembre 1941 \u00E0 peu pr\u00E8s \u00E0 l'\u00E9poque o\u00F9 le radar H2S fit son apparition."@fr . . . "Oboe was a British bomb aiming system developed to allow their aircraft to bomb targets accurately in any type of weather, day or night. Oboe coupled radar tracking with radio transponder technology. The guidance system used two well separated radar stations to track the aircraft. Each Oboe tracking station used radio ranging to define a circle, the radius of which was the distance from the station to the target, the third point in the triangulation. The two circles intersected at the target. Radar pulses from each station were picked up by a transponder mounted in the aircraft. The aircraft transponder transmitted the signals back to the stations, after a slight delay. By assessing the time it took for the signal to return the distance between the station and the aircraft could be determi"@en . . . . "Oboe (Observer Bombing Over Enemy) war ein britisches Funknavigationssystem f\u00FCr Bomber im Zweiten Weltkrieg. Das System wurde ab Dezember 1942 in Betrieb genommen."@de . . . "Oboe was a British bomb aiming system developed to allow their aircraft to bomb targets accurately in any type of weather, day or night. Oboe coupled radar tracking with radio transponder technology. The guidance system used two well separated radar stations to track the aircraft. Each Oboe tracking station used radio ranging to define a circle, the radius of which was the distance from the station to the target, the third point in the triangulation. The two circles intersected at the target. Radar pulses from each station were picked up by a transponder mounted in the aircraft. The aircraft transponder transmitted the signals back to the stations, after a slight delay. By assessing the time it took for the signal to return the distance between the station and the aircraft could be determined. One tracking station, the Cat station, was used to adjust the aircraft's flight path. The other station, the Mouse, was used to key the bomb release point. Oboe, in essence, was a ground-controlled, blind bombing system. The system was developed in 1942 by the Telecommunications Research Establishment at Malvern in Worcestershire, working in close association with 109 Squadron. By December 1942 a working system had been developed. The first major use of Oboe was in March 1943 when the system was used to mark the Krupp Works in an attack against Essen. Over the course of the month the system was used with great success to mark targets for the Main Force against the German industrial center of the Ruhr and for attacks against Cologne. Through November 1943 Oboe was used with good success against targets within its 250 mile range. In December 1943 Bomber Command entered what was hoped to be a war winning campaign with the Battle of Berlin. Berlin was over the horizon for even the highest flying RAF aircraft, and thus beyond the range of Oboe. The campaign had to depend upon straight navigation and H2S. Bomber Command's efforts against Berlin over the next four months were unsuccessful. At the end of March Bomber Command was directed to serve under SHAEF to make preparations for the invasion of occupied Europe. These missions to northern France allowed Oboe to again demonstrate its value in the precision delivery of markers or bombs, regardless of weather or the visibility of the target. Neither H2S nor Gee-H could provide the accuracy of Oboe. By guidance direction of individual aircraft, Oboe was used both to guide marker aircraft for the Main Force and for bombing aircraft making precision bombings of high value targets. It was by far the most accurate bombing system used during the war."@en . . . "28848"^^ . . . . . "Oboe (akronim ang. Observer Bombing Over Enemy) \u2013 brytyjski system radionawigacji s\u0142u\u017C\u0105cy do dok\u0142adnego naprowadzania samolot\u00F3w bombowych w czasie II wojny \u015Bwiatowej. Opracowany zosta\u0142 oko\u0142o 1942 roku jako uzupe\u0142nienie systemu nawigacyjnego Gee. System oparty by\u0142 na dw\u00F3ch radiolatarniach pracuj\u0105ce na cz\u0119stotliwo\u015Bci 220 MHz po\u0142\u0105czonych kablem w celu synchronizacji. Dok\u0142adno\u015B\u0107 wyznaczania pozycji by\u0142a wysoka z promieniem b\u0142\u0119du wynosz\u0105cym oko\u0142o 110 metr\u00F3w przy w zasi\u0119gu 400 km."@pl . "Oboe"@nl . . . . . "L'Oboe, acronimo di Observer Bombing Over Enemy, designazione aziendale AMES Type 9000, era un sistema di radionavigazione utilizzato nel corso della seconda guerra mondiale, per guidare i velivoli della britannica Royal Air Force durante le missioni di bombardamento strategico sul territorio tedesco. Fu utilizzato per la prima volta il 31 dicembre 1942 durante il bombardamento di Dusseldorf."@it . . . "Oboe (Observer Bombing Over Enemy) was een Brits radargeleidesysteem voor bommenwerpers in de Tweede Wereldoorlog. Het systeem werd in december 1942 vrijwel gelijktijdig met het H2S-systeem ingevoerd. Het systeem was bedoeld om de RAF-bommenwerpers tijdens nachtvluchten of bij slecht zicht naar hun doel te leiden. Het systeem werkte met echo's die door het toestel zelf werden uitgezonden, waardoor het toestel voor de vijand op te sporen was. Het systeem werkte in samenwerking met twee grondstations, namelijk de CAT, die vaststelde of het toestel nog op koers vloog, en de MOUSE, die aangaf wanneer het toestel zich boven het doel begaf. Nadelen waren dat de toestellen op te sporen waren door de vijand en de reikwijdte van het systeem slechts 270 mijl bedroeg. Vanwege deze nadelen werden vooral de snellere Pathfinder Mosquito-toestellen gebruikt, die de doelen in Duitsland markeerden met bommen van een herkenbare kleur. Hierdoor wist de hoofdmacht waar de doelen zich bevonden. Op 28 mei 1943 stortte de Mosquito type B.IV, reg. DZ-432 van de 8e Group Bomber Command HS-N, neer in een weiland bij Bleskensgraaf (Zuid-Holland). Het was het eerste met OBOE uitgeruste vliegtuig dat verloren is gegaan boven Nederland."@nl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Oboe (Observer Bombing Over Enemy) war ein britisches Funknavigationssystem f\u00FCr Bomber im Zweiten Weltkrieg. Das System wurde ab Dezember 1942 in Betrieb genommen."@de . . . . "L'Oboe, acronimo di Observer Bombing Over Enemy, designazione aziendale AMES Type 9000, era un sistema di radionavigazione utilizzato nel corso della seconda guerra mondiale, per guidare i velivoli della britannica Royal Air Force durante le missioni di bombardamento strategico sul territorio tedesco. Fu utilizzato per la prima volta il 31 dicembre 1942 durante il bombardamento di Dusseldorf. Il sistema Oboe usava due stazioni trasmittenti a terra, posizionate in territorio britannico in due distinti e lontani siti. Una aveva il compito di fornire indicazioni sulla rotta ed eventuali correzioni, l'altra informava di aver raggiunto il punto precedentemente stabilito per lo sgancio delle bombe sull'obbiettivo. I segnali venivano ricevuti da un De Havilland Mosquito appositamente equipaggiato, che aveva funzioni di indicatore dell'obiettivo. Determinata la posizione del bersaglio, veniva ritrasmessa ai bombardieri."@it . . . . . . . . . . . . "Oboe (navigation)"@en . . . . . "1112365217"^^ . . . . "Oboe (Navigation)"@de . . . . . . . . "Oboe (radionavigazione)"@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "981707"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "Oboe (Observer Bombing Over Enemy) was een Brits radargeleidesysteem voor bommenwerpers in de Tweede Wereldoorlog. Het systeem werd in december 1942 vrijwel gelijktijdig met het H2S-systeem ingevoerd. Het systeem was bedoeld om de RAF-bommenwerpers tijdens nachtvluchten of bij slecht zicht naar hun doel te leiden. Het systeem werkte met echo's die door het toestel zelf werden uitgezonden, waardoor het toestel voor de vijand op te sporen was. Het systeem werkte in samenwerking met twee grondstations, namelijk de CAT, die vaststelde of het toestel nog op koers vloog, en de MOUSE, die aangaf wanneer het toestel zich boven het doel begaf."@nl . . . . . . . . . . . "Le oboe \u00E9tait un syst\u00E8me de localisation des objectifs destin\u00E9 au bombardement a\u00E9rien sans visibilit\u00E9 et utilis\u00E9 par les Britanniques au cours de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Il \u00E9tait fond\u00E9 sur la technologie des transpondeurs radio. Ce syst\u00E8me a \u00E9t\u00E9 employ\u00E9 la premi\u00E8re fois en d\u00E9cembre 1941 \u00E0 peu pr\u00E8s \u00E0 l'\u00E9poque o\u00F9 le radar H2S fit son apparition."@fr . . . . .