. . . . . . . . "\u041D\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044B \u0418\u0441\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u2014 \u0441\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043A\u0443\u043F\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C \u043D\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434, \u0432\u0445\u043E\u0434\u044F\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u043D\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043D\u0443\u044E \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0443 \u0418\u0441\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438. \u041E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0443 \u043D\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u044B \u0418\u0441\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0442 \u043E\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u044F \u0438\u0441\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043E\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0432 \u043E\u0442\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043E\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043E\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0432 \u0432 \u0420\u043E\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438. \u041E\u043D\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044C \u0441 \u0432\u043E\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E-\u0440\u044B\u0446\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043E\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0432, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043F\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0435\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043E\u0432\u044B\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u0432 \u043F\u043E\u0447\u0451\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043F\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0412 \u0434\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u043C \u043A \u043D\u0438\u043C \u0434\u043E\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043B\u044F\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u043E\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u0417\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u043D\u0435\u0434\u043E\u043B\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043E\u0434\u043E\u0432 \u041D\u0430\u043F\u043E\u043B\u0435\u043E\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F (1808\u20141814, \u0441\u043C. \u041F\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u044B) \u043A\u043E\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0451\u043C \u0418\u0441\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u044B\u043B \u043D\u0430\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043D (\u0444\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438 \u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E \u0442\u0430\u043A) \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u041D\u0430\u043F\u043E\u043B\u0435\u043E\u043D\u0430, \u0416\u043E\u0437\u0435\u0444 \u0411\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043F\u0430\u0440\u0442, \u043D\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0445 \u043A\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043A\u043E\u0441\u0440\u043E\u0447\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043D\u0435\u0443\u0440\u044F\u0434\u0438\u0446 19 \u0432\u0435\u043A\u0430, \u0438 (\u0412\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439) \u0418\u0441\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0438 (1931\u20141939), \u0418\u0441\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044C \u043B\u0438\u0431\u043E \u043C\u043E\u043D\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0435\u0439 (\u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043E\u0434\u043D\u044F) \u043B\u0438\u0431\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u043A\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043E\u0439 (\u0444\u0440\u0430\u043D\u043A\u0438\u0437\u043C), \u0431\u043B\u0430\u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044F \u0447\u0435\u043C\u0443 \u0435\u0451 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u043E\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0432, \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0438 \u0435\u0451 \u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044F \u0438 \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043A\u043E\u0432\u044C \u0438\u043C\u0435\u044E\u0442, \u0432 \u043E\u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0451\u043D\u043D\u043E\u043C \u0441\u043C\u044B\u0441\u043B\u0435, \u0441\u043F\u043B\u043E\u0448\u043D\u0443\u044E \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0435\u043C\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C."@ru . . . . . . . . "This is a list of some of the modern orders, decorations and medals of Spain. The bulk of the top current civil and military decorations granted by the Government of Spain in a discretionary manner trace their origins back to the 19th and 20th centuries. The control of the military orders, a series of religious-military institutions created in the Middle Ages for military and borderland repopulation purposes in the Iberian Christian kingdoms, was seized by the Crown in the late 15th to early 16th century, and, from then on, Spanish monarchs became grand masters of the orders, entitling themselves with granting individuals the habits of the former as an award."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "As honras militares mais antigas da Espanha existentes hoje se originaram nos reinos crist\u00E3os de Le\u00E3o, Castela, Arag\u00E3o e Navarra na \u00E9poca da ocupa\u00E7\u00E3o isl\u00E2mica da Espanha na Idade M\u00E9dia."@pt . . . "62520"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1122279370"^^ . "Diese Liste gibt einen \u00DCberblick \u00FCber die spanischen Orden und Ehrenzeichen."@de . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0158\u00E1dy, vyznamen\u00E1n\u00ED a medaile \u0160pan\u011Blska"@cs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Liste der spanischen Orden und Ehrenzeichen"@de . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Condecoracions d'Espanya"@ca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "25003071"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "This is a list of some of the modern orders, decorations and medals of Spain. The bulk of the top current civil and military decorations granted by the Government of Spain in a discretionary manner trace their origins back to the 19th and 20th centuries. The control of the military orders, a series of religious-military institutions created in the Middle Ages for military and borderland repopulation purposes in the Iberian Christian kingdoms, was seized by the Crown in the late 15th to early 16th century, and, from then on, Spanish monarchs became grand masters of the orders, entitling themselves with granting individuals the habits of the former as an award. Provincial and municipal corporations (diputaciones and ayuntamientos) have a tradition for granting medals, and \"adoptive\" and \"predilect\" son/daughter as honorific titles. After the creation of autonomous communities in the late 20th century, regional administrations have also created their own set of civil decorations."@en . . . . . . . . "Syst\u00E9m st\u00E1tn\u00EDch vyznamen\u00E1n\u00ED ve \u0160pan\u011Blsku je zalo\u017Een na syst\u00E9mu ocen\u011Bn\u00ED zalo\u017Een\u00E9m na \u0159\u00E1dech a dopln\u011Bn\u00E9m medailemi a dal\u0161\u00EDmi vyznamen\u00E1n\u00EDmi. Historie \u0161pan\u011Blsk\u00FDch \u0159\u00E1d\u016F sah\u00E1 hluboko do historie. Jejich tradice za\u010Dala zakl\u00E1d\u00E1n\u00EDm polovojensk\u00FDch duchovn\u011B zam\u011B\u0159en\u00FDch ryt\u00ED\u0159sk\u00FDch \u0159\u00E1d\u016F, kter\u00E9 se postupn\u011B p\u0159etv\u00E1\u0159ely v sekul\u00E1rn\u00ED \u010Destn\u00E1 spole\u010Denstv\u00ED. Pozd\u011Bji k nim p\u0159ibyly \u0159\u00E1dy, kter\u00E9 m\u011Bly od sv\u00E9ho zalo\u017Een\u00ED sv\u011Btsk\u00FD charakter."@cs . "Elenco delle onorificenze e degli ordini di merito e cavallereschi distribuiti dal Regno di Spagna e dalla Seconda repubblica spagnola."@it . . . . . "Catalunya \n* Medalla d'Or de la Generalitat de Catalunya \n* Premi \"Creu de Sant Jordi\" Ciutats Aut\u00F2nomes \n* \n*"@ca . . . . . . . "\u041D\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044B \u0418\u0441\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438"@ru . . "Diese Liste gibt einen \u00DCberblick \u00FCber die spanischen Orden und Ehrenzeichen."@de . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Catalunya \n* Medalla d'Or de la Generalitat de Catalunya \n* Premi \"Creu de Sant Jordi\" Ciutats Aut\u00F2nomes \n* \n*"@ca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Hiszpa\u0144skie odznaczenia"@pl . . . . . . "Orders, decorations, and medals of Spain"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Syst\u00E9m st\u00E1tn\u00EDch vyznamen\u00E1n\u00ED ve \u0160pan\u011Blsku je zalo\u017Een na syst\u00E9mu ocen\u011Bn\u00ED zalo\u017Een\u00E9m na \u0159\u00E1dech a dopln\u011Bn\u00E9m medailemi a dal\u0161\u00EDmi vyznamen\u00E1n\u00EDmi. Historie \u0161pan\u011Blsk\u00FDch \u0159\u00E1d\u016F sah\u00E1 hluboko do historie. Jejich tradice za\u010Dala zakl\u00E1d\u00E1n\u00EDm polovojensk\u00FDch duchovn\u011B zam\u011B\u0159en\u00FDch ryt\u00ED\u0159sk\u00FDch \u0159\u00E1d\u016F, kter\u00E9 se postupn\u011B p\u0159etv\u00E1\u0159ely v sekul\u00E1rn\u00ED \u010Destn\u00E1 spole\u010Denstv\u00ED. Pozd\u011Bji k nim p\u0159ibyly \u0159\u00E1dy, kter\u00E9 m\u011Bly od sv\u00E9ho zalo\u017Een\u00ED sv\u011Btsk\u00FD charakter."@cs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Onorificenze spagnole"@it . . . . . . . "Elenco delle onorificenze e degli ordini di merito e cavallereschi distribuiti dal Regno di Spagna e dalla Seconda repubblica spagnola."@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . "As honras militares mais antigas da Espanha existentes hoje se originaram nos reinos crist\u00E3os de Le\u00E3o, Castela, Arag\u00E3o e Navarra na \u00E9poca da ocupa\u00E7\u00E3o isl\u00E2mica da Espanha na Idade M\u00E9dia."@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Ordens honor\u00EDficas da Espanha"@pt . . . . "\u041D\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044B \u0418\u0441\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u2014 \u0441\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043A\u0443\u043F\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C \u043D\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434, \u0432\u0445\u043E\u0434\u044F\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u043D\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043D\u0443\u044E \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0443 \u0418\u0441\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438. \u041E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0443 \u043D\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u044B \u0418\u0441\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0442 \u043E\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u044F \u0438\u0441\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043E\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0432 \u043E\u0442\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043E\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043E\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0432 \u0432 \u0420\u043E\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438. \u041E\u043D\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044C \u0441 \u0432\u043E\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E-\u0440\u044B\u0446\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043E\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0432, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043F\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0435\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043E\u0432\u044B\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u0432 \u043F\u043E\u0447\u0451\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043F\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0412 \u0434\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u043C \u043A \u043D\u0438\u043C \u0434\u043E\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043B\u044F\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u043E\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430."@ru . . . . . .