. "Platon II (n\u00E9 Petr Gueorguievitch Levchine, russe : \u041F\u0451\u0442\u0440 \u0413\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u041B\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043D; 10 juillet 1737 - 23 novembre 1812) fut m\u00E9tropolite de Moscou de 1775 \u00E0 1812."@fr . . 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"Platon II (n\u00E9 Petr Gueorguievitch Levchine, russe : \u041F\u0451\u0442\u0440 \u0413\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u041B\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043D; 10 juillet 1737 - 23 novembre 1812) fut m\u00E9tropolite de Moscou de 1775 \u00E0 1812."@fr . . . . . . . . . . . "\u041F\u043B\u0430\u0442\u043E\u043D (\u041B\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043D)"@ru . "1060472974"^^ . . . "\u041C\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442 \u041F\u043B\u0430\u0442\u043E\u043D (\u0432 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u0443 \u041F\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043E \u0413\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0433\u0456\u0439\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u041B\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043D; 29 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043D\u044F 1737, \u0441\u0435\u043B\u043E \u0427\u0430\u0448\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E, \u041C\u043E\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0456\u044F \u2014 11 \u043B\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043F\u0430\u0434\u0430 1812) \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0432\u043E\u0440\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u043F\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043A, \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C \u0441\u043F\u0430\u0434\u043A\u043E\u0454\u043C\u0446\u044F \u0456\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043B\u0443, \u0447\u043B\u0435\u043D \u0421\u0432\u044F\u0442\u0456\u0439\u0448\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0434\u0443, \u043C\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442 \u041C\u043E\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0456 \u041A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439. \u0428\u0443\u043A\u0430\u0432 \u043C\u043E\u0436\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0420\u043E\u0441\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0443 \u0426\u0435\u0440\u043A\u0432\u0443 \u0437\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043E\u043E\u0431\u0440\u044F\u0434\u0446\u044F\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F\u043C \u0454\u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0440'\u044F \u2014 \u0434\u043E\u0437\u0432\u043E\u043B\u0443 \u0431\u043E\u0433\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0443\u0436\u0456\u043D\u044C \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0438 (\u0434\u043E\u043D\u0456\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0441\u043A\u0438\u043C\u0438) \u043A\u043D\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u00AB\u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0432 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0446\u0456\u0432 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0456 \u0421\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043C \u0443 1801 \u0440\u043E\u0446\u0456\u00BB."@uk . . . . . "9"^^ . . . "Dalton"@en . "Platon"@en . . . "1812-11-11"^^ . . . . . . "Platon, imi\u0119 \u015Bwieckie Piotr Gieorgijewicz Lewszyn (ur. 29 czerwca 1737 w Czarusznikowie, zm. 11 listopada 1812 w Wifanii) \u2013 rosyjski biskup prawos\u0142awny. Uko\u0144czy\u0142 seminarium duchowne w Ko\u0142omnie, a nast\u0119pnie, w 1757, S\u0142owia\u0144sko-Grecko-\u0141aci\u0144sk\u0105 Akademi\u0119. W 1758 zosta\u0142 zatrudniony w seminarium przy \u0141awrze Troicko-Siergijewskiej w charakterze nauczyciela retoryki. 14 sierpnia tego samego roku z\u0142o\u017Cy\u0142 wieczyste \u015Bluby mnisze, za\u015B 30 sierpnia zosta\u0142 wy\u015Bwi\u0119cony na hierodiakona. 22 lipca 1759 zosta\u0142 wy\u015Bwi\u0119cony na hieromnicha i mianowany prefektem seminarium. Od 1761 by\u0142 jego rektorem. W 1762 lub 1763 powierzono mu obowi\u0105zki nadwornego kaznodziei i katechety nast\u0119pcy tronu. W 1763 mianowany prze\u0142o\u017Conym \u0141awry Troicko-Siergijewskiej, w 1766 zosta\u0142 archimandryt\u0105 i wszed\u0142 w sk\u0142ad \u015Awi\u0105tobliwego Synodu Rz\u0105dz\u0105cego. 10 pa\u017Adziernika 1770 zosta\u0142 wy\u015Bwi\u0119cony na biskupa twerskiego i kaszy\u0144skiego, zachowuj\u0105c urz\u0105d prze\u0142o\u017Conego \u0141awry Troicko-Siergijewskiej. Natychmiast po chirotonii biskupiej zosta\u0142 podniesiony do godno\u015Bci arcybiskupa. W 1775 przeniesiony na katedr\u0119 moskiewsk\u0105, za\u015B w 1787 podniesiony do godno\u015Bci metropolity, z tytu\u0142em metropolity moskiewskiego i ko\u0142omie\u0144skiego. W 1811, w zwi\u0105zku z ci\u0119\u017Ck\u0105 chorob\u0105 (parali\u017C) przesta\u0142 wykonywa\u0107 swoje obowi\u0105zki; faktyczne administrowanie eparchi\u0105 przesz\u0142o w r\u0119ce biskupa dmitrowskiego Augustyna. Metropolita Platon zmar\u0142 w 1812."@pl . . "1812"^^ . . . . "\u041C\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0301\u0442 \u041F\u043B\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0301\u043D (\u0432 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u0443 \u041F\u0451\u0442\u0440 \u0413\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u041B\u0435\u0301\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043D; 29 \u0438\u044E\u043D\u044F 1737, \u0441\u0435\u043B\u043E \u0427\u0430\u0448\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E, \u041C\u043E\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0438\u044F \u2014 11 \u043D\u043E\u044F\u0431\u0440\u044F 1812) \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0432\u043E\u0440\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043A, \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C \u043D\u0430\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043B\u0430, \u0447\u043B\u0435\u043D \u0421\u0432\u044F\u0442\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0434\u0430, \u043C\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442 \u041C\u043E\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u041A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439. \u0418\u0441\u043A\u0430\u043B \u0432\u043E\u0437\u043C\u043E\u0436\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0433\u043E\u0441\u043F\u043E\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0443\u044E \u0426\u0435\u0440\u043A\u043E\u0432\u044C \u0441\u043E \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043E\u043E\u0431\u0440\u044F\u0434\u0446\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044F \u2014 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0431\u043E\u0433\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044B\u043C (\u0434\u043E\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0441\u043A\u0438\u043C) \u043A\u043D\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043C, \u00AB\u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B\u0430, \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0451\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0421\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043C \u0432 1801 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443\u00BB. \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u00AB\u041A\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0440\u043E\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u044F\u00BB (\u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043D \u0432 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044F\u0445 \u0432 \u041C\u043E\u0441\u043A\u0432\u0435 \u0432 1805 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443), \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044B\u043C \u043F\u043E \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u043C \u043A\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043E\u043C \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438, \u0432 \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043C \u0432\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044B\u0435 \u0431\u044B\u043B \u043E\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0451\u043D \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u0434\u0445\u043E\u0434 \u043A \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043C \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044E."@ru . "Metropolitan and archbishop of Moscow"@en . . . . . "Pjotr Levsjin, k\u00E4nd som Platon, f\u00F6dd 29 juni 1737, d\u00F6d 11 november 1812, var en rysk ortodox teolog. Platon uts\u00E5gs av Katarina II av Ryssland till l\u00E4rare f\u00F6r tronf\u00F6ljaren Paul och 1787 till metropolit i Moskva, vilket innebar ledningen av den ryska kyrkan. Platon som var p\u00E5verkad av den franska upplysningen, verkade f\u00F6r den teologiska utbildningen och var sj\u00E4lv en betydande kyrkohistorisk f\u00F6rfattare. Hans l\u00E4robok Den ortodoxa l\u00E4ran (1765) blev n\u00E4stan ansedd som en bek\u00E4nnelseskrift. Platons samlade arbeten utgavs 1777\u20131820 i 20 band."@sv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "7068"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "Platone II"@it . . . . "\u041C\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0301\u0442 \u041F\u043B\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0301\u043D (\u0432 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u0443 \u041F\u0451\u0442\u0440 \u0413\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u041B\u0435\u0301\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043D; 29 \u0438\u044E\u043D\u044F 1737, \u0441\u0435\u043B\u043E \u0427\u0430\u0448\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E, \u041C\u043E\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0438\u044F \u2014 11 \u043D\u043E\u044F\u0431\u0440\u044F 1812) \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0432\u043E\u0440\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043A, \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C \u043D\u0430\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043B\u0430, \u0447\u043B\u0435\u043D \u0421\u0432\u044F\u0442\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0434\u0430, \u043C\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442 \u041C\u043E\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u041A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439. \u0418\u0441\u043A\u0430\u043B \u0432\u043E\u0437\u043C\u043E\u0436\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0433\u043E\u0441\u043F\u043E\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0443\u044E \u0426\u0435\u0440\u043A\u043E\u0432\u044C \u0441\u043E \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043E\u043E\u0431\u0440\u044F\u0434\u0446\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044F \u2014 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0431\u043E\u0433\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044B\u043C (\u0434\u043E\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0441\u043A\u0438\u043C) \u043A\u043D\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043C, \u00AB\u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B\u0430, \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0451\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0421\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043C \u0432 1801 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443\u00BB."@ru . "Plato II by an unknown painter, 1780-1790"@en . . . . "1775"^^ . . "Platon (Lewszyn)"@pl . . . . "\u041F\u043B\u0430\u0442\u043E\u043D (\u041B\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043D)"@uk . . . . . "1812-11-11"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "Pjotr Levsjin"@sv . "1737-06-29"^^ . . . . . . "Platon Levshin"@en . . . . . . . . "\u03A0\u03BB\u03AC\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u039B\u03AD\u03B2\u03C3\u03B9\u03BD"@el . . . . "Pjotr Levsjin, k\u00E4nd som Platon, f\u00F6dd 29 juni 1737, d\u00F6d 11 november 1812, var en rysk ortodox teolog. Platon uts\u00E5gs av Katarina II av Ryssland till l\u00E4rare f\u00F6r tronf\u00F6ljaren Paul och 1787 till metropolit i Moskva, vilket innebar ledningen av den ryska kyrkan. Platon som var p\u00E5verkad av den franska upplysningen, verkade f\u00F6r den teologiska utbildningen och var sj\u00E4lv en betydande kyrkohistorisk f\u00F6rfattare. Hans l\u00E4robok Den ortodoxa l\u00E4ran (1765) blev n\u00E4stan ansedd som en bek\u00E4nnelseskrift. Platons samlade arbeten utgavs 1777\u20131820 i 20 band."@sv . . . . "Platon, imi\u0119 \u015Bwieckie Piotr Gieorgijewicz Lewszyn (ur. 29 czerwca 1737 w Czarusznikowie, zm. 11 listopada 1812 w Wifanii) \u2013 rosyjski biskup prawos\u0142awny. Uko\u0144czy\u0142 seminarium duchowne w Ko\u0142omnie, a nast\u0119pnie, w 1757, S\u0142owia\u0144sko-Grecko-\u0141aci\u0144sk\u0105 Akademi\u0119. W 1758 zosta\u0142 zatrudniony w seminarium przy \u0141awrze Troicko-Siergijewskiej w charakterze nauczyciela retoryki. 14 sierpnia tego samego roku z\u0142o\u017Cy\u0142 wieczyste \u015Bluby mnisze, za\u015B 30 sierpnia zosta\u0142 wy\u015Bwi\u0119cony na hierodiakona. 22 lipca 1759 zosta\u0142 wy\u015Bwi\u0119cony na hieromnicha i mianowany prefektem seminarium. Od 1761 by\u0142 jego rektorem. W 1762 lub 1763 powierzono mu obowi\u0105zki nadwornego kaznodziei i katechety nast\u0119pcy tronu. W 1763 mianowany prze\u0142o\u017Conym \u0141awry Troicko-Siergijewskiej, w 1766 zosta\u0142 archimandryt\u0105 i wszed\u0142 w sk\u0142ad \u015Awi\u0105tobliwego Synodu Rz\u0105d"@pl . . "\u039F \u03A0\u03BB\u03AC\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u0392\u0384 (\u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC \u03BA\u03CC\u03C3\u03BC\u03BF\u03BD \u03A0\u03B9\u03CC\u03C4\u03C1 \u0393\u03BA\u03B5\u03CC\u03C1\u03B3\u03BA\u03B9\u03B5\u03B2\u03B9\u03C4\u03C2 \u039B\u03AD\u03B2\u03C3\u03B9\u03BD, \u03C1\u03C9\u03C3\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC: \u041F\u0451\u0442\u0440 \u0413\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u041B\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043D\u200E; 29 \u0399\u03BF\u03C5\u03BD\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1737 - 11 \u039D\u03BF\u03B5\u03BC\u03B2\u03C1\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1812) \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u039C\u03B7\u03C4\u03C1\u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03AF\u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u039C\u03CC\u03C3\u03C7\u03B1\u03C2 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF 1775 \u03AD\u03C9\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF 1812 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B8\u03B5\u03C9\u03C1\u03B5\u03AF\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BC\u03AD\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0395\u03C0\u03BF\u03C7\u03AE \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u0394\u03B9\u03B1\u03C6\u03C9\u03C4\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03BF\u03CD \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7 \u03A1\u03C9\u03C3\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u039F\u03C1\u03B8\u03CC\u03B4\u03BF\u03BE\u03B7 \u0395\u03BA\u03BA\u03BB\u03B7\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1 ."@el . . . . "4498834"^^ . . "Plato II or Platon II (29 June 1737 \u2013 11 November 1812) was the Metropolitan of Moscow from 1775 to 1812. He personifies the Age of Enlightenment in the Russian Orthodox Church. He was born at Chashnikovo near Moscow as Platon Levshin (Russian: \u041F\u043B\u0430\u0442\u043E\u043D \u041B\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043D) in the family of a psalmodist, and was educated at the seminary and the Slavic Greek Latin Academy of Moscow. In 1757 he was appointed instructor in Greek and rhetoric at the latter institution, and became distinguished as a pulpit orator. Within the year he was called to be instructor in rhetoric at the Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra near Moscow. Here he became a monk, adopting the name of Platon, and in 1761 was made rector of the seminary of the monastery. A sermon preached by him in October 1762, produced so favorable an impression on the Empress Catherine II that she summoned him to court to be the religious instructor of the eight-year-old heir apparent, Paul Petrovitch. Here he came into close contact with Voltaire and the encyclopedists, but without injury either to his faith or his character. Platon remained at the Russian court, winning the admiration of even Voltaire, until the marriage of the heir apparent to Maria Feodorovna, daughter of Duke Eugene of W\u00FCrttemberg, in 1773. During this time he published, for the use of his royal pupil, his Orthodox Doctrine: or, A short Compend of Christian Theology (Moscow, 1765), in which the influence of Western thought, and even of rationalism, may be distinctly traced. At the same time, Roman Catholic doctrines are mercilessly attacked, while the Lutheran tenet of ubiquity and the Reformed theory of predestination also receive their share of criticism. This catechism was followed, a year later, by the Exhortation of the Orthodox Eastern Catholic Church of Christ to her former Children, now on the Road to Schism, pleading, though with scant success, for lenient treatment of dissenters from the Eastern Orthodox Church. In 1768 Platon became a member of the Holy Synod, and in 1770 was made bishop of Tver, though he still remained at St. Petersburg, finally being the religious instructor of the new grand duchess. In 1775 he was enthroned archbishop of Moscow, and throughout the reigns of Catherine II, Paul, and Alexander I diligently promoted the religious, moral, intellectual, and material welfare of his archdiocese, maintaining meanwhile an unceasing literary activity. In 1775 he issued a catechism for the use of the clergy, and in 1776 a short catechism for children, as well as one in the form of a dialogue, while his brief history of the Russian Church (1777) is the first systematic treatise of its kind in the Russian language. In 1787 Platon reluctantly consented to become metropolitan of Moscow. He visited the city but seldom, however, passing the winter in the Troitsky monastery and the summer in the Pererva Monastery close to Moscow. Here he supervised personally the studies of the seminarians, who included three destined to succeed him as archbishop of Moscow. Compared to his predecessors, Platon was rather lenient towards the Old Believers and allowed them to establish their first chapels in Moscow, notably the Preobrazhenskoe cemetery. He also formalized the arrangement, known as Edinoverie, earlier introduced by Archbishop Nikephoros of Slaviansk, that allowed Old Believer communities to join the established church, while maintaining their traditional form of worship. It was Platon who crowned both Paul (1797) and Alexander I (1801); but despite his close and cordial relations with the court he preserved to the last his firmness and his independence. Shortly before his death he aided in preparing the way for the foundation of the Russian Bible Society which was established in the year in which he died. Shortly before his death, Platon was evacuated from Moscow, which was about to be surrendered to Napoleon. The collected works of Platon were published at Moscow in twenty volumes in 1779\u20131807, the greater portion of these writings being sermons, of which there are about 500. An abridged English translation of Platon's catechism was prepared from a Greek version of the Russian original (London, 1867), and his sermon preached at the request of the empress to celebrate the victory of Chesma also appeared in English (London, 1770)."@en . "H."@en . "1775"^^ . "Metropolitan and archbishop of Moscow"@en . "Plato II or Platon II (29 June 1737 \u2013 11 November 1812) was the Metropolitan of Moscow from 1775 to 1812. He personifies the Age of Enlightenment in the Russian Orthodox Church. He was born at Chashnikovo near Moscow as Platon Levshin (Russian: \u041F\u043B\u0430\u0442\u043E\u043D \u041B\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043D) in the family of a psalmodist, and was educated at the seminary and the Slavic Greek Latin Academy of Moscow. In 1757 he was appointed instructor in Greek and rhetoric at the latter institution, and became distinguished as a pulpit orator. Within the year he was called to be instructor in rhetoric at the Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra near Moscow. Here he became a monk, adopting the name of Platon, and in 1761 was made rector of the seminary of the monastery. A sermon preached by him in October 1762, produced so favorable an impression on th"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "Platon II, al secolo Platon Lev\u0161in (in russo: \u041F\u043B\u0430\u0442\u043E\u043D \u041B\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043D?; , 29 giugno 1737 \u2013 11 novembre 1812), \u00E8 stato un monaco cristiano e teologo russo. Metropolita di Mosca dal 1775 al 1812, personific\u00F2 l'Et\u00E0 dei Lumi della Chiesa ortodossa russa. Le opere scelte di Platon, 500 delle quali erano costituite da sermoni, furono pubblicate a Mosca in venti volumi tra il 1779 e il 1807. Una traduzione inglese del catechismo da lui composto fu realizzata a Londra nel 1867 da una versione greca dell'originale."@it . . . . . . . . "87"^^ . . . . . "Platon II de Moscou"@fr . . . "Moscow"@en . . "1737-06-29"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "Platon II, al secolo Platon Lev\u0161in (in russo: \u041F\u043B\u0430\u0442\u043E\u043D \u041B\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043D?; , 29 giugno 1737 \u2013 11 novembre 1812), \u00E8 stato un monaco cristiano e teologo russo. Metropolita di Mosca dal 1775 al 1812, personific\u00F2 l'Et\u00E0 dei Lumi della Chiesa ortodossa russa. Nato in un villaggio nei pressi di Mosca nella famiglia di un salmodista, fu educato in seminario e nella di Mosca. Nel 1757 fu nominato insegnante di greco e retorica in quest'ultimo istituto e inizi\u00F2 a distinguersi come oratore da pulpito. Quello stesso anno fu chiamato a reggere la cattedra di retorica al Monastero della Trinit\u00E0 di San Sergio. Qui prese i voti monacali con il nome di Platon e, nel 1761, fu nominato rettore del seminario del monastero. Un suo sermone nell'ottobre 1762 produsse un'impressione talmente favorevole nell'Imperatrice Caterina II che quest'ultima lo volle quale istruttore religioso dell'erede al trono, Pavel Petrovi\u010D, che allora aveva otto anni. A corte entr\u00F2 in stretto contatto con Voltaire e gli enciclopedisti, evitando tuttavia di scontrarsi con loro sulle materie di fede. Platon rimase nella Corte russa, conquistandosi persino l'ammirazione di Voltaire, fino al matrimonio dell'erede al trono con , figlia del Duca Federico II Eugenio di W\u00FCrttemberg, nel 1773. Durante tale periodo diede alle stampe, per l'uso del suo pupillo, la sua dottrina ortodossa, ovvero Un breve compendio di teologia Cristiana (Mosca, 1765), nel quale si possono individuare chiaramente le influenze del pensiero occidentale e persino del razionalismo. Allo stesso tempo nella sua opera attacc\u00F2 duramente sia le dottrine Cattoliche che quelle Luterane, soprattutto per quel che riguarda la teoria della predestinazione. Questo catechismo fu seguito, un anno pi\u00F9 tardi, dall'Esortazione della Chiesa Orientale di Cristo Cattolico-Ortodossa ai suoi figli, ora sulla Via dello Scisma, nella quale invocava, anche se con scarso successo, un trattamento pi\u00F9 indulgente verso i Russi che dissentivano dalla dottrina ortodossa. Nel 1768 Platon divenne membro del Santo Sinodo e nel 1770 fu nominato Vescovo di Tver'; ricopr\u00EC tale carica pur rimanendo a San Pietroburgo, diventato nel frattempo istruttore religioso della Gran Duchessa. Nel 1775 fu nominato Arcivescovo di Mosca, e durante i regni di Caterina II, Paolo e Alessandro I promosse lo sviluppo religioso, morale, intellettuale e materiale della sua arcidiocesi, mantenendo nel frattempo un'incessante attivit\u00E0 letteraria. Nel 1775 compose un catechismo ad uso del clero, nel 1776 un piccolo catechismo per bambini e uno in forma di dialogo, mentre la sua breve storia della Chiesa Russa (1777) rappresenta il primo saggio sistematico su questo argomento in russo. Nel 1787 accett\u00F2 di diventare Metropolita di Mosca. Si stabil\u00EC in citt\u00E0 passando talvolta l'inverno al Monastero della Trinit\u00E0 e l'estate al Monastero Pererva. Qui fece personalmente da supervisore agli studi dei seminaristi, tra cui ve ne erano tre destinati a succedergli dopo la sua morte al soglio vescovile. Al confronto dei suoi predecessori Platon fu piuttosto indulgente con i Vecchi Credenti, permettendo loro di innalzare la prima cappella di tale culto a Mosca, presso il . Concluse inoltre un accordo, conosciuto come Edinoverie, gi\u00E0 introdotto dall'Arcivescovo Nikephoros di Slov\"jans'k, che permise alle comunit\u00E0 scismatiche di rientrare nella comunit\u00E0 ortodossa pur mantenendo le proprie forme di rituali. Fu Platon a incoronare sia Paolo (1797) che Alessandro I (1801) ma nonostante le sue relazioni cordiali con la corte mantenne fino all'ultimo la propria risolutezza e indipendenza. Poco prima della propria dipartita contribu\u00EC ai lavori preparatori per la costituzione della che fu fondata nel 1812. Due mesi prima della sua morte, Platon fu evacuato da Mosca che stava per essere abbandonata alle truppe di Napoleone. Le opere scelte di Platon, 500 delle quali erano costituite da sermoni, furono pubblicate a Mosca in venti volumi tra il 1779 e il 1807. Una traduzione inglese del catechismo da lui composto fu realizzata a Londra nel 1867 da una versione greca dell'originale."@it . . . . . . . . .