. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Robert Ridgway (July 2, 1850 \u2013 March 25, 1929) was an American ornithologist specializing in systematics. He was appointed in 1880 by Spencer Fullerton Baird, secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, to be the first full-time curator of birds at the United States National Museum, a title he held until his death. In 1883, he helped found the American Ornithologists' Union, where he served as officer and journal editor. Ridgway was an outstanding descriptive taxonomist, capping his life work with The Birds of North and Middle America (eight volumes, 1901\u20131919). In his lifetime, he was unmatched in the number of North American bird species that he described for science. As technical illustrator, Ridgway used his own paintings and outline drawings to complement his writing. He also published "@en . . . . . "\u30ED\u30D0\u30FC\u30C8\u30FB\u30EA\u30C3\u30B8\u30A6\u30A7\u30A4"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u7F85\u4F2F\u7279\u00B7\u91CC\u5947\u97CB"@zh . . "504236"^^ . . . . . "no"@en . . . . "Robert RIDGWAY (naski\u011Dis la 2-an de julio 1850 en , mortis la 25-an de marto 1929 en ) estis usona ornitologo Li anka\u016D estis ilustristo. Fervorulo de sia infana\u011Do pri naturscienco, li korespondas, 14 jar-a\u011Da, kun Spencer Fullerton Baird, kiu kura\u011Digis lin en la ornitologio. Inter 1867 kaj 1869, dungis lin kiel zoologisto por geologia esplorvoja\u011Do en la regionojn de la 40-a : li esploris Kalifornion, Idahon, Utahon kaj Vajomingon, kaj aperigis raporton pri birdobservadoj: Report on Ornithology of the Fortieth Parallel. En 1879, Spencer Fullerton Baird, i\u011Dinte direktoro de la donis al li postenon de konservisto en la departemento pri ornitologio de tiu muzeo. En 1888 li i\u011Dis direktoro de tiu departemento. Li estis unu el la fondigintaj anoj de la American Ornithologists Union en 1883, kun Elliott Coues, Joel Asaph Allen kaj William Brewster. Li estris tiun societon de 1898 al 1900. Bonega desegnisto, li interesi\u011Dis pri koloroj, kaj aperigis en 1886 kaj 1912 nomenklaturojn pri koloroj: li establis sistemon de 1115 koloroj, ankora\u016D nun uzata de la ornitologoj, sed anka\u016D de aliaj profesiuloj, kiel la florvendistoj a\u016D la kemiaj industriistoj. Li estis elektita en la National Academy of Sciences en 1917. Li ricevis la kaj la , amba\u016D en 1919. Li publikigis pli ol 500 librojn, katalogojn kaj artikolojn dum sia vivo. Li ilustris mem siajn librojn, helpita de sia frato John L. Ridgway."@eo . . . . . . . . . "Robert Ridgway (2 de julio de 1850 - 25 de marzo de 1929) fue un naturalista y ornit\u00F3logo estadounidense."@es . . . . . . . . . . "45926"^^ . "Robert Ridgway (* 2. Juli 1850 in Mount Carmel, Illinois; \u2020 25. M\u00E4rz 1929 in Olney, Illinois) war ein US-amerikanischer Ornithologe."@de . . . . . . . . . . . . "1850-07-02"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . "Robert Ridgway (Mount Carmel, 2 luglio 1850 \u2013 Olney, 25 marzo 1929) \u00E8 stato un ornitologo statunitense. Da sempre appassionato di storia naturale, fin da giovane mostr\u00F2 i suoi talenti di osservatore, collezionista e illustratore. A 14 anni intraprese una corrispondenza con Spencer Fullerton Baird (1823-1887), il quale lo incoraggi\u00F2 nei suoi studi di ornitologia. Tre anni dopo ottenne un posto da zoologo durante la spedizione nella regione del 40\u00BA parallelo guidata da Clarence King (1842-1901). Tra il 1867 e il 1869, esplor\u00F2 la California, il Nevada, l'Idaho, lo Utah e il Wyoming."@it . . "Author:Robert Ridgway"@en . . "Robert Ridgway"@pt . "Category:Robert Ridgway"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Robert Ridgway"@de . . "Robert Ridgway est un ornithologue am\u00E9ricain, n\u00E9 le 2 juillet 1850 \u00E0 Mount Carmel (Illinois) et mort en 1929 \u00E0 Olney (Illinois)."@fr . "true"@en . . . "Robert Ridgway (2 de julho de 1850 \u2014 25 de mar\u00E7o de 1929) foi um ornit\u00F3logo estadunidense que descobriu a S. c. guadeloupensis."@pt . . "Robert Ridgway"@en . . . . . . "Robert Ridgway (2 de julho de 1850 \u2014 25 de mar\u00E7o de 1929) foi um ornit\u00F3logo estadunidense que descobriu a S. c. guadeloupensis."@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Robert Ridgway"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "Robert Ridgway"@en . "\u0420\u043E\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442 \u0420\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0443\u044D\u0439 (\u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0420\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0432\u0435\u0439 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Robert Ridgway; 2 \u0438\u044E\u043B\u044F 1850, , \u0418\u043B\u043B\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0439\u0441 \u2014 25 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 1929, , \u0418\u043B\u043B\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0439\u0441) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043E\u0440\u043D\u0438\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433. \u0427\u043B\u0435\u043D \u041D\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0430\u043A\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043C\u0438\u0438 \u043D\u0430\u0443\u043A \u0421\u0428\u0410 (1917)."@ru . . "Robert Ridgway"@nl . . . . . . . . "\u7F85\u4F2F\u7279\u00B7\u91CC\u5947\u97CB\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1ARobert Ridgway\uFF0C1850\u5E747\u67082\u65E5\uFF0D1929\u5E743\u670825\u65E5\uFF09\uFF0C\u7F8E\u570B\u9CE5\u985E\u5B78\u5BB6\uFF0C\u5C08\u9580\u7814\u7A76\u7CFB\u7D71\u5206\u985E\u5B78\u30021881\u5E74\uFF0C\u53F2\u5BC6\u68EE\u5B78\u6703\u79D8\u66F8\u65AF\u8CD3\u585E\u00B7\u5BCC\u52D2\u9813\u00B7\u8C9D\u723E\u5FB7\u4EFB\u547D\u4ED6\u70BA\u7F8E\u570B\u570B\u5BB6\u535A\u7269\u9928\u7B2C\u4E00\u4F4D\u9CE5\u985E\u9928\u9928\u9577\uFF0C\u8A72\u982D\u929C\u4E00\u76F4\u5EF6\u7E8C\u5230\u4ED6\u901D\u4E16\u70BA\u6B62\u30021883\u5E74\uFF0C\u7F85\u4F2F\u7279\u00B7\u91CC\u5947\u97CB\u6210\u70BA\u4E86\u7684\u5275\u59CB\u6703\u54E1\uFF0C\u4E26\u64D4\u4EFB\u8A72\u806F\u76DF\u4E3B\u7BA1\u548C\u671F\u520A\u300A\u6D77\u96C0\u300B\u7684\u526F\u4E3B\u7DE8\u3002\u7F85\u4F2F\u7279\u00B7\u91CC\u5947\u97CB\u70BA\u4E00\u4F4D\u5091\u51FA\u7684\u751F\u7269\u5206\u985E\u5B78\u5BB6\uFF0C\u4ED6\u65BC1901\u81F31919\u5E74\u5B8C\u6210\u7562\u751F\u8457\u4F5C\u300A\u5317\u7F8E\u6D32\u548C\u4E2D\u7F8E\u6D32\u7684\u9CE5\u985E\u300B\u5171\u516B\u5377\u3002\u5728\u4ED6\u4E00\u751F\u4E2D\u6240\u9032\u884C\u5C0D\u5317\u7F8E\u9CE5\u985E\u9032\u884C\u7121\u6578\u6B21\u7684\uFF0C\u540C\u6642\u70BA\u7684\u7F85\u4F2F\u7279\u00B7\u91CC\u5947\u97CB\u6642\u5E38\u4F7F\u7528\u81EA\u5DF1\u7684\u7E6A\u756B\u548C\u8F2A\u5ED3\u5716\u4F86\u88DC\u5145\u4ED6\u7684\u5BEB\u4F5C\uFF0C\u4E26\u4E14\u51FA\u7248\u4E86\u5169\u672C\u95DC\u65BC\u7CFB\u7D71\u5316\u63CF\u8FF0\u9CE5\u985E\u984F\u8272\u540D\u7A31\u7684\u8457\u4F5C\uFF0C\u5206\u5225\u70BA\u300A\u81EA\u7136\u5B78\u5BB6\u7684\u984F\u8272\u547D\u540D\u6CD5\u300B\uFF081886\u5E74\uFF09\u548C\u300A\u984F\u8272\u6A19\u6E96\u548C\u984F\u8272\u547D\u540D\u6CD5\u300B\uFF081912\u5E74\uFF09\uFF0C\u81F3\u4ECA\u9CE5\u985E\u5B78\u5BB6\u4F9D\u7136\u5F15\u7528\u7F85\u4F2F\u7279\u00B7\u91CC\u5947\u97CB\u7684\u8272\u5F69\u7814\u7A76\u548C\u66F8\u7C4D\u3002"@zh . . "\u0420\u043E\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442 \u0420\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0432\u0435\u0439 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Robert Ridgway; 1850\u20141929) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043E\u0440\u043D\u0456\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u043E\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F 35 \u043D\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0456\u0432 \u043F\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0432. \u0427\u043B\u0435\u043D \u041D\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0430\u043A\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043C\u0456\u0457 \u043D\u0430\u0443\u043A \u0421\u0428\u0410 (1917). \u0421\u043F\u0456\u0432\u0437\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A \u0442\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0442 \u0410\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043E\u0440\u043D\u0456\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0442\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430."@uk . . . "Robert Ridgway"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Robert Ridgway"@it . . . . . . . . . "\u30ED\u30D0\u30FC\u30C8\u30FB\u30EA\u30C3\u30B8\u30A6\u30A7\u30A4\uFF08Robert Ridgway\u30011850\u5E747\u67082\u65E5 - 1929\u5E743\u670825\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u5408\u8846\u56FD\u306E\u9CE5\u985E\u5B66\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "American"@en . . . . . "Robert Ridgway est un ornithologue am\u00E9ricain, n\u00E9 le 2 juillet 1850 \u00E0 Mount Carmel (Illinois) et mort en 1929 \u00E0 Olney (Illinois)."@fr . . . "Robert Ridgway"@en . "no"@en . . . . . . . . . "Systematics, The Birds of North and Middle America, Color Standards and Color Nomenclature"@en . . . . "\u0420\u043E\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442 \u0420\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0432\u0435\u0439"@uk . "1850-07-02"^^ . . . . . . "no"@en . "\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062A \u0631\u064A\u062F\u062C\u0648\u0627\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0637\u064A\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u062A\u062E\u0635\u0635\u064B\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064A\u0627\u062A. \u0639\u064A\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1880 \u0633\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0631\u062A\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064A\u0631\u062F \u0633\u0643\u0631\u062A\u064A\u0631\u064B\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062F \u0633\u0645\u064A\u062B\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064A\u0627\u0646\u060C \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062D \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u064A\u0646 \u062F\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064A\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064A \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u062D\u062A\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0647 \u062D\u062A\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062A\u0647. \u0633\u0646\u0629 1883\u060C \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064A \u062A\u0623\u0633\u064A\u0633 \u0627\u062A\u062D\u0627\u062F \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064A\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A\u060C \u0625\u0630 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064A\u0633\u064B\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062D\u0631\u0631\u064B\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0644\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u064A\u062F\u062C\u0648\u0627\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0645 \u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064B\u0627\u060C \u0648\u062A\u064E\u0648\u062C \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0640 \u00AB\u0637\u064A\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649\u00BB (8 \u0645\u062C\u0644\u062F\u0627\u062A 1901-1919). \u0641\u064A \u062D\u064A\u0627\u062A\u0647 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062F\u064A\u062F \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064A\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062D\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0642\u0646\u064A\u060C \u0627\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0645 \u0631\u064A\u062F\u062C\u0648\u0627\u064A \u0644\u0648\u062D\u0627\u062A\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064A\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062A\u0647. \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064A\u0648\u0631\u060C \u0648\u0647\u064A \u00AB\u062A\u0633\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064A\u0639\u0629\u00BB (1886) \u0648\u00AB\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064A\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062A\u0633\u0645\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u00BB (1912). \u064A\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064A\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u062C\u0645\u064A\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062D\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062F \u0628\u062F\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u062A\u0628 \u0631\u064A\u062F\u062C\u0648\u0627\u064A."@ar . "Robert Ridgway (Mount Carmel, 2 juli 1850 - Olney, 25 maart 1929) was een Amerikaanse ornitholoog en illustrator."@nl . . . . . . "1099892314"^^ . . . "Robert Ridgway"@eo . "1929-03-25"^^ . "Robert Ridgway (2 de julio de 1850 - 25 de marzo de 1929) fue un naturalista y ornit\u00F3logo estadounidense."@es . . . . . . . . . "\u0420\u043E\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442 \u0420\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0443\u044D\u0439 (\u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0420\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0432\u0435\u0439 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Robert Ridgway; 2 \u0438\u044E\u043B\u044F 1850, , \u0418\u043B\u043B\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0439\u0441 \u2014 25 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 1929, , \u0418\u043B\u043B\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0439\u0441) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043E\u0440\u043D\u0438\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433. \u0427\u043B\u0435\u043D \u041D\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0430\u043A\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043C\u0438\u0438 \u043D\u0430\u0443\u043A \u0421\u0428\u0410 (1917)."@ru . . . . . . . . . "no"@en . . . . . . "Ridgway"@en . . "Ridgway"@en . . "1929-03-25"^^ . "Robert Ridgway (Mount Carmel, 2 luglio 1850 \u2013 Olney, 25 marzo 1929) \u00E8 stato un ornitologo statunitense. Da sempre appassionato di storia naturale, fin da giovane mostr\u00F2 i suoi talenti di osservatore, collezionista e illustratore. A 14 anni intraprese una corrispondenza con Spencer Fullerton Baird (1823-1887), il quale lo incoraggi\u00F2 nei suoi studi di ornitologia. Tre anni dopo ottenne un posto da zoologo durante la spedizione nella regione del 40\u00BA parallelo guidata da Clarence King (1842-1901). Tra il 1867 e il 1869, esplor\u00F2 la California, il Nevada, l'Idaho, lo Utah e il Wyoming. Nel 1877 raccolse i dati delle sue osservazioni ornitologiche in Report on Ornithology of the Fortieth Parallel. Nel 1883 fu uno dei membri fondatori dell'Unione degli Ornitologi Americani, assieme ad Elliott Coues (1842-1899), Henry Henshaw ed altri. Diriger\u00E0 questa societ\u00E0 dal 1898 al 1900. Pubblic\u00F2 pi\u00F9 di 500 articoli e descrisse molte nuove specie di uccelli."@it . . . . "\u0420\u043E\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442 \u0420\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0432\u0435\u0439 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Robert Ridgway; 1850\u20141929) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043E\u0440\u043D\u0456\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u043E\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F 35 \u043D\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0456\u0432 \u043F\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0432. \u0427\u043B\u0435\u043D \u041D\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0430\u043A\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043C\u0456\u0457 \u043D\u0430\u0443\u043A \u0421\u0428\u0410 (1917). \u0421\u043F\u0456\u0432\u0437\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A \u0442\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0442 \u0410\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043E\u0440\u043D\u0456\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0442\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430."@uk . . . . . . . "\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062A \u0631\u064A\u062F\u062C\u0648\u0627\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0637\u064A\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u062A\u062E\u0635\u0635\u064B\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064A\u0627\u062A. \u0639\u064A\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1880 \u0633\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0631\u062A\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064A\u0631\u062F \u0633\u0643\u0631\u062A\u064A\u0631\u064B\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062F \u0633\u0645\u064A\u062B\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064A\u0627\u0646\u060C \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062D \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u064A\u0646 \u062F\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064A\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064A \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u062D\u062A\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0647 \u062D\u062A\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062A\u0647. \u0633\u0646\u0629 1883\u060C \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064A \u062A\u0623\u0633\u064A\u0633 \u0627\u062A\u062D\u0627\u062F \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064A\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A\u060C \u0625\u0630 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064A\u0633\u064B\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062D\u0631\u0631\u064B\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0644\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u064A\u062F\u062C\u0648\u0627\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0645 \u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064B\u0627\u060C \u0648\u062A\u064E\u0648\u062C \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0640 \u00AB\u0637\u064A\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649\u00BB (8 \u0645\u062C\u0644\u062F\u0627\u062A 1901-1919). \u0641\u064A \u062D\u064A\u0627\u062A\u0647 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062F\u064A\u062F \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064A\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062D\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0642\u0646\u064A\u060C \u0627\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0645 \u0631\u064A\u062F\u062C\u0648\u0627\u064A \u0644\u0648\u062D\u0627\u062A\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064A\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062A\u0647. \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064A\u0648\u0631\u060C \u0648\u0647\u064A \u00AB\u062A\u0633\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064A\u0639\u0629\u00BB (1886) \u0648\u00AB\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064A\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062A\u0633\u0645\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u00BB (1912). \u064A\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064A\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u062C\u0645\u064A\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062D\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062F \u0628\u062F\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u062A\u0628 \u0631\u064A\u062F\u062C\u0648\u0627\u064A."@ar . . . "Robert Ridgway"@es . . . "Robert Ridgway (July 2, 1850 \u2013 March 25, 1929) was an American ornithologist specializing in systematics. He was appointed in 1880 by Spencer Fullerton Baird, secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, to be the first full-time curator of birds at the United States National Museum, a title he held until his death. In 1883, he helped found the American Ornithologists' Union, where he served as officer and journal editor. Ridgway was an outstanding descriptive taxonomist, capping his life work with The Birds of North and Middle America (eight volumes, 1901\u20131919). In his lifetime, he was unmatched in the number of North American bird species that he described for science. As technical illustrator, Ridgway used his own paintings and outline drawings to complement his writing. He also published two books that systematized color names for describing birds, A Nomenclature of Colors for Naturalists (1886) and Color Standards and Color Nomenclature (1912). Ornithologists all over the world continue to cite Ridgway's color studies and books."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u30ED\u30D0\u30FC\u30C8\u30FB\u30EA\u30C3\u30B8\u30A6\u30A7\u30A4\uFF08Robert Ridgway\u30011850\u5E747\u67082\u65E5 - 1929\u5E743\u670825\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u5408\u8846\u56FD\u306E\u9CE5\u985E\u5B66\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . "no"@en . . "\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062A \u0631\u064A\u062F\u062C\u0648\u0627\u064A"@ar . . . . "\u0420\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0443\u044D\u0439, \u0420\u043E\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442"@ru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Robert RIDGWAY (naski\u011Dis la 2-an de julio 1850 en , mortis la 25-an de marto 1929 en ) estis usona ornitologo Li anka\u016D estis ilustristo. Fervorulo de sia infana\u011Do pri naturscienco, li korespondas, 14 jar-a\u011Da, kun Spencer Fullerton Baird, kiu kura\u011Digis lin en la ornitologio. Inter 1867 kaj 1869, dungis lin kiel zoologisto por geologia esplorvoja\u011Do en la regionojn de la 40-a : li esploris Kalifornion, Idahon, Utahon kaj Vajomingon, kaj aperigis raporton pri birdobservadoj: Report on Ornithology of the Fortieth Parallel."@eo . . . . . . . . . . . "Signature of Robert Ridgway .png"@en . . "\u7F85\u4F2F\u7279\u00B7\u91CC\u5947\u97CB\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1ARobert Ridgway\uFF0C1850\u5E747\u67082\u65E5\uFF0D1929\u5E743\u670825\u65E5\uFF09\uFF0C\u7F8E\u570B\u9CE5\u985E\u5B78\u5BB6\uFF0C\u5C08\u9580\u7814\u7A76\u7CFB\u7D71\u5206\u985E\u5B78\u30021881\u5E74\uFF0C\u53F2\u5BC6\u68EE\u5B78\u6703\u79D8\u66F8\u65AF\u8CD3\u585E\u00B7\u5BCC\u52D2\u9813\u00B7\u8C9D\u723E\u5FB7\u4EFB\u547D\u4ED6\u70BA\u7F8E\u570B\u570B\u5BB6\u535A\u7269\u9928\u7B2C\u4E00\u4F4D\u9CE5\u985E\u9928\u9928\u9577\uFF0C\u8A72\u982D\u929C\u4E00\u76F4\u5EF6\u7E8C\u5230\u4ED6\u901D\u4E16\u70BA\u6B62\u30021883\u5E74\uFF0C\u7F85\u4F2F\u7279\u00B7\u91CC\u5947\u97CB\u6210\u70BA\u4E86\u7684\u5275\u59CB\u6703\u54E1\uFF0C\u4E26\u64D4\u4EFB\u8A72\u806F\u76DF\u4E3B\u7BA1\u548C\u671F\u520A\u300A\u6D77\u96C0\u300B\u7684\u526F\u4E3B\u7DE8\u3002\u7F85\u4F2F\u7279\u00B7\u91CC\u5947\u97CB\u70BA\u4E00\u4F4D\u5091\u51FA\u7684\u751F\u7269\u5206\u985E\u5B78\u5BB6\uFF0C\u4ED6\u65BC1901\u81F31919\u5E74\u5B8C\u6210\u7562\u751F\u8457\u4F5C\u300A\u5317\u7F8E\u6D32\u548C\u4E2D\u7F8E\u6D32\u7684\u9CE5\u985E\u300B\u5171\u516B\u5377\u3002\u5728\u4ED6\u4E00\u751F\u4E2D\u6240\u9032\u884C\u5C0D\u5317\u7F8E\u9CE5\u985E\u9032\u884C\u7121\u6578\u6B21\u7684\uFF0C\u540C\u6642\u70BA\u7684\u7F85\u4F2F\u7279\u00B7\u91CC\u5947\u97CB\u6642\u5E38\u4F7F\u7528\u81EA\u5DF1\u7684\u7E6A\u756B\u548C\u8F2A\u5ED3\u5716\u4F86\u88DC\u5145\u4ED6\u7684\u5BEB\u4F5C\uFF0C\u4E26\u4E14\u51FA\u7248\u4E86\u5169\u672C\u95DC\u65BC\u7CFB\u7D71\u5316\u63CF\u8FF0\u9CE5\u985E\u984F\u8272\u540D\u7A31\u7684\u8457\u4F5C\uFF0C\u5206\u5225\u70BA\u300A\u81EA\u7136\u5B78\u5BB6\u7684\u984F\u8272\u547D\u540D\u6CD5\u300B\uFF081886\u5E74\uFF09\u548C\u300A\u984F\u8272\u6A19\u6E96\u548C\u984F\u8272\u547D\u540D\u6CD5\u300B\uFF081912\u5E74\uFF09\uFF0C\u81F3\u4ECA\u9CE5\u985E\u5B78\u5BB6\u4F9D\u7136\u5F15\u7528\u7F85\u4F2F\u7279\u00B7\u91CC\u5947\u97CB\u7684\u8272\u5F69\u7814\u7A76\u548C\u66F8\u7C4D\u3002"@zh . . "no"@en . . "Robert Ridgway (Mount Carmel, 2 juli 1850 - Olney, 25 maart 1929) was een Amerikaanse ornitholoog en illustrator."@nl . . . . . "no"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Robert Ridgway (* 2. Juli 1850 in Mount Carmel, Illinois; \u2020 25. M\u00E4rz 1929 in Olney, Illinois) war ein US-amerikanischer Ornithologe."@de . . . . . . .