. . . "Sclerocarpus \u00E9 um g\u00E9nero bot\u00E2nico pertencente \u00E0 fam\u00EDlia Asteraceae."@pt . . "1090552068"^^ . . . . . . . . "Sclerocarpus"@es . . "3"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "6379"^^ . . . . . "Sclerocarpus is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Heliantheae within the family Asteraceae. Bonebract is a common name for plants in this genus. It includes annuals and procumbent perennials which occur primarily in Mexico and Central America, with one species extending as far north as the state of Texas in the United States and another species widely distributed across the West Indies, South America, Africa, and Asia. The genus is distinguished morphologically by the pales, which are modified to completely and tightly enclose the mature cypsela (achene) and often have a tuberculate surface. Some species of Aldama have a somewhat similar modification of the pales but in those the pale surface is irregularly wrinkled and pitted rather than tuberculate. Sclerocarpus is a member of the"@en . . . . "Sclerocarpus \u00E4r ett sl\u00E4kte av korgblommiga v\u00E4xter. Sclerocarpus ing\u00E5r i familjen korgblommiga v\u00E4xter. Kladogram enligt Catalogue of Life:"@sv . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Sclerocarpus africanus"@en . . . . . . . . . . "Sclerocarpus is een geslacht uit de composietenfamilie (Asteraceae). De soorten uit het geslacht komen voor in Zuid-Amerika, van de Amerikaanse staat Texas tot in noordelijk Zuid-Amerika, en verder ook in delen van Afrika en Azi\u00EB."@nl . . . . . "Sclerocarpus is een geslacht uit de composietenfamilie (Asteraceae). De soorten uit het geslacht komen voor in Zuid-Amerika, van de Amerikaanse staat Texas tot in noordelijk Zuid-Amerika, en verder ook in delen van Afrika en Azi\u00EB."@nl . "Sclerocarpus es un g\u00E9nero de plantas con flores perteneciente a la familia Asteraceae. Comprende 26 especies descritas y de estas, solo 10 aceptadas.\u200B\u200B Se distribuye por las regiones c\u00E1lidas de Am\u00E9rica y una especie en \u00C1frica."@es . . . . . "Sclerocarpus \u00E4r ett sl\u00E4kte av korgblommiga v\u00E4xter. Sclerocarpus ing\u00E5r i familjen korgblommiga v\u00E4xter. Kladogram enligt Catalogue of Life:"@sv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Sclerocarpus is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Heliantheae within the family Asteraceae. Bonebract is a common name for plants in this genus. It includes annuals and procumbent perennials which occur primarily in Mexico and Central America, with one species extending as far north as the state of Texas in the United States and another species widely distributed across the West Indies, South America, Africa, and Asia. The genus is distinguished morphologically by the pales, which are modified to completely and tightly enclose the mature cypsela (achene) and often have a tuberculate surface. Some species of Aldama have a somewhat similar modification of the pales but in those the pale surface is irregularly wrinkled and pitted rather than tuberculate. Sclerocarpus is a member of the sunflower subtribe, Helianthinae, and is placed by molecular data as a relatively basal member of the group. The plant (Jacq), locally known in Igbo dialect (Nigeria) as \u201Cnli-atulu\u201Dand Manding language (Senegal) as Bambara-goni, is used for treating gonorrhea and othervenereal diseases in Nigerian ethno-medicine. Phytochemical screening showed presence of carbohydrates, tannins and saponins. Flavonoids and anthraquinone glycosides were found only in the ethanol and methanol extracts. Anti-microbial screening of methanol and ethanol extracts showed activity against the following human pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Streptococcus pyogenes, Shigella dysenteriae, Candida albicans and , with MIC value of 2.5 mg/ml; while Neisseria gonorrhoeae was inhibited at MIC 1.25 mg/ml.which had an observered MBC of 5 mg/ ml for ethanol extract. Similar MBC/MFC values were obtained for methanol extract except Shigella dysenteriae which had MBC of 5 mg/ml. Petroleum ether extract was active against S. aureus, S. typhi, S. dysenteriae and N. gonorrhoeae with MIC value of 5 mg/ml and MBC/MFC value 10 mg/ml; no activity was observed for S. pyogenes, C. albicans and C. thrusei; N. gonorrhoeae was most inhibited. Results obtained justify the ethno-medicinal use of this plant in treatment of gonorrhea and other venereal diseases caused by the test micro organisms. Species \n* Jacq. - Africa, Asia, West Indies \n* (Spreng.) S.F.Blake - Colombia \n* (Benth.) Benth. & Hook. - from Colombia to Chihuahua \n* Greenm. - Guerrero, M\u00E9xico State \n* (Greenm.) Feddema - Michoac\u00E1n, Oaxaca, Morelos \n* S. F. Blake - Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Chiapas \n* (DC.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Hook.f. - M\u00E9xico State \n* Greenm. - Sinaloa, Nayarit \n* Rose - Chihuahua, Sonora \n* (Hook.) Benth. & Hook. - from Texas to Guatemalaformerly included see Aldama Madia Micractis \n* Sclerocarpus dentatus - \n* Sclerocarpus discoideus - \n* Sclerocarpus elongatus - \n* Sclerocarpus exiguus - Madia exigua \n* Sclerocarpus gracilis - Madia gracilis \n* Sclerocarpus kerberi -"@en . . . . . . "Sclerocarpus \u00E9 um g\u00E9nero bot\u00E2nico pertencente \u00E0 fam\u00EDlia Asteraceae."@pt . . . "Sclerocarpus"@nl . "Sclerocarpus"@en . . . "Sclerocarpus"@pt . . . . . "* Dichotoma (Sch.Bip. ex Sch.Bip.)"@en . . . . . . . . "Sclerocarpus"@sv . . . . "Sclerocarpus"@en . "Sclerocarpus es un g\u00E9nero de plantas con flores perteneciente a la familia Asteraceae. Comprende 26 especies descritas y de estas, solo 10 aceptadas.\u200B\u200B Se distribuye por las regiones c\u00E1lidas de Am\u00E9rica y una especie en \u00C1frica."@es . . . . . . "Sclerocarpus africanus"@en . . . . "24691819"^^ .