"2991"^^ . . . "Kampanye Seljuk di Aegea merujuk kepada tindakan di darat dan laut yang dilakukan oleh Seljuk Turki, yang dipimpin oleh Tzachas dari Smyrna menghadapi Kekaisaran Bizantium. Berhadapan dengan lawan yang tangguh, Tzachas membangun Angkatan Laut Turki pertama dan menaklukkan beberapa kepulauan Aegea, didukung dengan penaklukan Smyrna dan Abydos. Setelah Perang Salib Pertama berakhir, Alexius I melancarkan serangan balik dan berhasil meraih wilayah yang ditundukkan sebelumnya. Alexius juga mampu dengan cepat menyingkirkan ancaman dari , gubernur Seljuk di Nicaea, yang mencoba untuk membuat armadanya sendiri di Abydos sekitar tahun ca.\u20091090."@in . "The Seljuk campaigns in the Aegean refer to the ground and naval actions conducted by the Seljuk Turks, chiefly under the leadership of Tzachas of Smyrna against the Byzantine Empire. A fierce opponent, Tzachas constructed the first Turkish navy and captured a few Aegean islands, supplemented by the conquest of Smyrna and Abydos. In the aftermath of the First Crusade Alexios I launched a counter-attack which regained the territories lost. Alexios was also able to rapidly quell the threat of Abu'l Qasim, the Seljuk governor of Nicaea, who attempted to create a fleet of his own at Abydos in ca. 1090. Tzachas recovered from his first defeat and retook several islands, but was definitively defeated at Lesbos by Constantine Dalassenos and John Doukas in 1092. His capital, Smyrna, and most of the Aegean coastline were recovered by Doukas in 1097, ending the Turks' direct access to the Aegean. Alexios I Komnenos' son, John II Komnenos inherited a sizable amount of land in Western Asia Minor, although the port city of Antalya was under Seljuk siege. Nonetheless, John's tireless campaigns drove the Turks deep into Anatolia and by 1143 the Seljuk Turks had lost all control of the coastal regions of Asia Minor. The Byzantines under Manuel I Komnenos could muster some 200 ships. Not until the demise of the Comnenian dynasty would the Turks capture a port and it was Umur of Ayd\u0131n in c. 14th century that constituted the first Turkish threat to Christian shipping in the Aegean since the 11th century."@en . . . . . . . "Seljuk campaigns in the Aegean"@en . "Overall Byzantine victory" . "\u039F\u03B9 \u03B5\u03BA\u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03B5\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03A3\u03B5\u03BB\u03C4\u03B6\u03BF\u03CD\u03BA\u03C9\u03BD \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u0391\u03B9\u03B3\u03B1\u03AF\u03BF \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C6\u03AD\u03C1\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 \u03C7\u03B5\u03C1\u03C3\u03B1\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BD\u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AD\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BD\u03AD\u03C1\u03B3\u03B5\u03B9\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03A3\u03B5\u03BB\u03C4\u03B6\u03BF\u03CD\u03BA\u03C9\u03BD \u03A4\u03BF\u03CD\u03C1\u03BA\u03C9\u03BD, \u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C9\u03C2 \u03C5\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B7\u03B3\u03B5\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03A4\u03B6\u03B1\u03C7\u03AC \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03A3\u03BC\u03CD\u03C1\u03BD\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BD\u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03AF\u03BF\u03BD \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0392\u03C5\u03B6\u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03BD\u03AE\u03C2 \u0391\u03C5\u03C4\u03BF\u03BA\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2. \u03A3\u03C6\u03BF\u03B4\u03C1\u03CC\u03C2 \u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03AF\u03C0\u03B1\u03BB\u03BF\u03C2, \u03BF \u03A4\u03B6\u03B1\u03C7\u03AC\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03BA\u03B5\u03CD\u03B1\u03C3\u03B5 \u03C4\u03BF \u03C0\u03C1\u03CE\u03C4\u03BF \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03BA\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03BD\u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AD\u03BB\u03B1\u03B2\u03B5 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03BD\u03B7\u03C3\u03B9\u03AC \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u0391\u03B9\u03B3\u03B1\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5, \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03AD\u03C7\u03B9\u03C3\u03B5 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC\u03BA\u03C4\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03A3\u03BC\u03CD\u03C1\u03BD\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0391\u03B2\u03CD\u03B4\u03BF\u03C5. \u039C\u03B5\u03C4\u03AC \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u0391\u0384 \u03A3\u03C4\u03B1\u03C5\u03C1\u03BF\u03C6\u03BF\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1 \u03BF \u0391\u03BB\u03AD\u03BE\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2 \u0391\u0384 \u03B5\u03BE\u03B1\u03C0\u03AD\u03BB\u03C5\u03C3\u03B5 \u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03B8\u03B5\u03C3\u03B7, \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03BD\u03AD\u03BA\u03C4\u03B7\u03C3\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B1 \u03C7\u03B1\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03B5\u03B4\u03AC\u03C6\u03B7. \u039F \u0391\u03BB\u03AD\u03BE\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2 \u0391\u0384 \u03BC\u03C0\u03CC\u03C1\u03B5\u03C3\u03B5 \u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03AF\u03BB\u03B5\u03B9 \u03B3\u03C1\u03AE\u03B3\u03BF\u03C1\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B1\u03C0\u03B5\u03B9\u03BB\u03AE \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u0391\u03BC\u03C0\u03BD\u03C4\u03BF\u03CD\u03BB \u039A\u03B1\u03C3\u03AF\u03BC, \u03A3\u03B5\u03BB\u03C4\u03B6\u03BF\u03CD\u03BA\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BA\u03C5\u03B2\u03B5\u03C1\u03BD\u03AE\u03C4\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u039D\u03AF\u03BA\u03B1\u03B9\u03B1\u03C2, \u03BF \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03C3\u03C0\u03AC\u03B8\u03B7\u03C3\u03B5 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03B4\u03B7\u03BC\u03B9\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03B3\u03AE\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1\u03BD \u03B4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03BB\u03BF \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u0386\u03B2\u03C5\u03B4\u03BF \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C4\u03BF 1090. \u039F \u03A4\u03B6\u03B1\u03C7\u03AC\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03AE\u03BB\u03B8\u03B5 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03C1\u03CE\u03C4\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03AE\u03C4\u03C4\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BE\u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C0\u03AE\u03C1\u03B5 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03AC \u03BD\u03B7\u03C3\u03B9\u03AC, \u03B1\u03BB\u03BB\u03AC \u03B7\u03C4\u03C4\u03AE\u03B8\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03BF\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7 \u039B\u03AD\u03C3\u03B2\u03BF \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u039A\u03C9\u03BD\u03C3\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03AF\u03BD\u03BF \u0394\u03B1\u03BB\u03B1\u03C3\u03C3\u03B7\u03BD\u03CC \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u0399\u03C9\u03AC\u03BD\u03BD\u03B7 \u0394\u03BF\u03CD\u03BA\u03B1 \u03C4\u03BF 1092. \u0397 \u03C0\u03C1\u03C9\u03C4\u03B5\u03CD\u03BF\u03C5\u03C3\u03AC \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03A3\u03BC\u03CD\u03C1\u03BD\u03B7 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03BF \u03BC\u03B5\u03B3\u03B1\u03BB\u03CD\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03BF \u03BC\u03AD\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B1\u03BA\u03C4\u03BF\u03B3\u03C1\u03B1\u03BC\u03BC\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u0391\u03B9\u03B3\u03B1\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03BA\u03C4\u03AE\u03B8\u03B7\u03BA\u03B1\u03BD \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u0399\u03C9\u03AC\u03BD\u03BD\u03B7 \u0394\u03BF\u03CD\u03BA\u03B1 \u03C4\u03BF 1097, \u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03AF\u03B6\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03AC\u03BC\u03B5\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C0\u03C1\u03CC\u03C3\u03B2\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03A4\u03BF\u03CD\u03C1\u03BA\u03C9\u03BD \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u0391\u03B9\u03B3\u03B1\u03AF\u03BF. \u039F \u03B3\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u0391\u03BB\u03B5\u03BE\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 \u0391\u0384 \u039A\u03BF\u03BC\u03BD\u03B7\u03BD\u03BF\u03CD, \u03BF \u0399\u03C9\u03AC\u03BD\u03BD\u03B7\u03C2 \u0392\u0384 \u039A\u03BF\u03BC\u03BD\u03B7\u03BD\u03CC\u03C2 \u03BA\u03BB\u03B7\u03C1\u03BF\u03BD\u03CC\u03BC\u03B7\u03C3\u03B5 \u03B1\u03C1\u03BA\u03B5\u03C4\u03AE \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03BA\u03C1\u03AC\u03C4\u03B5\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7 \u03B4\u03C5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u039C\u03B9\u03BA\u03C1\u03AC \u0391\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1, \u03B1\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B7 \u03C0\u03CC\u03BB\u03B7-\u03BB\u03B9\u03BC\u03AC\u03BD\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0391\u03C4\u03C4\u03AC\u03BB\u03B5\u03B9\u03B1\u03C2 \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03C5\u03C0\u03CC \u03A3\u03B5\u03BB\u03C4\u03B6\u03BF\u03C5\u03BA\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03BF\u03C1\u03BA\u03AF\u03B1. \u03A0\u03B1\u03C1' \u03CC\u03BB\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03AC, \u03BF\u03B9 \u03B1\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD\u03C1\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BA\u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03B5\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u0399\u03C9\u03AC\u03BD\u03BD\u03B7 \u0392\u0384 \u03AD\u03BA\u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03BD \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03A3\u03B5\u03BB\u03C4\u03B6\u03BF\u03CD\u03BA\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03C5\u03C0\u03BF\u03C7\u03C9\u03C1\u03AE\u03C3\u03BF\u03C5\u03BD \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B7 \u039C. \u0391\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BC\u03AD\u03C7\u03C1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03BF 1143 \u03BF\u03B9 \u03A3\u03B5\u03BB\u03C4\u03B6\u03BF\u03CD\u03BA\u03BF\u03B9 \u03B5\u03AF\u03C7\u03B1\u03BD \u03C7\u03AC\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9 \u03BA\u03AC\u03B8\u03B5 \u03AD\u03BB\u03B5\u03B3\u03C7\u03BF \u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 \u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03AC\u03BA\u03C4\u03B9\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BF\u03C7\u03AD\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u039C. \u0391\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2. \u039F\u03B9 \u0392\u03C5\u03B6\u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03BD\u03BF\u03AF \u03C5\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u039C\u03B1\u03BD\u03BF\u03C5\u03AE\u03BB \u0391\u0384 \u039A\u03BF\u03BC\u03BD\u03B7\u03BD\u03CC \u03BC\u03C0\u03CC\u03C1\u03B5\u03C3\u03B1\u03BD \u03BD\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C5\u03B3\u03BA\u03B5\u03BD\u03C4\u03C1\u03CE\u03C3\u03BF\u03C5\u03BD \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 200 \u03C0\u03BB\u03BF\u03AF\u03B1. \u039C\u03AD\u03C7\u03C1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03BF \u03C4\u03AD\u03BB\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B4\u03C5\u03BD\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u039A\u03BF\u03BC\u03BD\u03B7\u03BD\u03CE\u03BD \u03BF\u03B9 \u03A4\u03BF\u03CD\u03C1\u03BA\u03BF\u03B9 \u03B4\u03B5\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AD\u03BB\u03B1\u03B2\u03B1\u03BD \u03BA\u03AC\u03C0\u03BF\u03B9\u03BF \u03BB\u03B9\u03BC\u03AC\u03BD\u03B9 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03BF \u039F\u03C5\u03BC\u03BF\u03CD\u03C1 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u0391\u03CA\u03B4\u03B9\u03BD\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD 14\u03BF \u03B1\u03B9., \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03AD\u03BB\u03B5\u03C3\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03C1\u03CE\u03C4\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03BA\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B1\u03C0\u03B5\u03B9\u03BB\u03AE \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03C7\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03BD\u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BB\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u0391\u03B9\u03B3\u03B1\u03AF\u03BF \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD 11\u03BF \u03B1\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD\u03B1."@el . . . . . . "Campagnes seldjoukides en mer \u00C9g\u00E9e"@fr . . . . . . . . "\u041C\u043E\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u043A\u0430\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0457 \u0427\u0430\u043A\u0430 \u0411\u0435\u044F"@uk . . "Kampanye Seljuk di Aegea"@in . . . "Les campagnes seldjoukides en mer \u00C9g\u00E9e sont les op\u00E9rations navales des Turcs seldjoukides, principalement men\u00E9es sous le commandement de Zachas de Smyrne, contre l'Empire byzantin. Ancien d\u00E9tenu, puis vassal byzantin, Zachas se rebelle contre l'empire lors de l'ascension au tr\u00F4ne d'Alexis Ier Comn\u00E8ne, qui r\u00E9serve les faveurs royales \u00E0 la vieille aristocratie imp\u00E9riale. Au d\u00E9part, il r\u00E9ussit la conqu\u00EAte de Clazom\u00E8nes, Phoc\u00E9e et Chios. F\u00E9roce ennemi de l'empire, Zachas construit la premi\u00E8re flotte turque, compos\u00E9e de quarante et un navires, et conquiert certaines \u00EEles de la mer \u00C9g\u00E9e - parmi lesquelles les plus importantes de la partie orientale de cette mer, Lesbos et Samos en 1088, ainsi que Mytil\u00E8ne et Rhodes\u2014, ainsi que Smyrne et Abydos, lors d'une s\u00E9rie d'attaques ayant lieu entre 1088 et 1093. Il ravage \u00E9galement la r\u00E9gion d'Adram\u00FDttion. En 1090, il vainc l'escouade byzantine envoy\u00E9e contre lui. La flotte de Zachas, quant \u00E0 elle, \u00E9tablit son centre op\u00E9rationnel dans la ville de Phoc\u00E9e entre 1088 et 1092. \u00C0 partir de cette date, il \u00E9tablit sa capitale \u00E0 Smyrne et se proclame empereur, sapant ainsi le prestige d'Alexis. Apr\u00E8s la premi\u00E8re croisade, Alexis lance une contre-attaque qui permet aux Byzantins de r\u00E9cup\u00E9rer les territoires perdus. Alexis r\u00E9ussit \u00E9galement \u00E0 \u00E9liminer rapidement la menace d'Abu'l Qasim, le gouverneur seldjoukide de Nic\u00E9e, qui tente de cr\u00E9er sa propre flotte \u00E0 Abydos vers 1090. Zachas se remet de sa premi\u00E8re d\u00E9faite et r\u00E9ussit \u00E0 reprendre plusieurs \u00EEles, mais il est finalement battu \u00E0 Lesbos par Constantin Dalass\u00E8ne et Jean Doukas en 1092. Ce dernier prend la capitale de Zachas, Smyrne, ainsi que la plus grande partie de la c\u00F4te \u00E9g\u00E9enne en 1097, mettant ainsi fin \u00E0 l'acc\u00E8s des Turcs \u00E0 la mer. Il tente de prendre le contr\u00F4le d'Abydos en 1093, mais doit lever le si\u00E8ge de la ville, qui est assi\u00E9g\u00E9e par les Byzantins et les Seldjoukides. Il meurt des mains du sultan K\u0131l\u0131\u00E7 Arslan Ier, son gendre, pour avoir \u00E9pous\u00E9 une de ses filles, apr\u00E8s un banquet auquel il est invit\u00E9 et au cours duquel il le saoule avant de le poignarder \u00E0 mort. Le fils d'Alexis Ier Comn\u00E8ne, Jean II Comn\u00E8ne, h\u00E9rite de tr\u00E8s nombreuses terres en Asie mineure occidentale, bien que la ville portuaire d'Antalya soit assi\u00E9g\u00E9e par les Seldjoukides. Cependant, les campagnes successives de l'infatigable Jean repoussent les Turcs vers l'int\u00E9rieur de l'Anatolie et en 1143, les Seldjoukides perdent toutes les r\u00E9gions c\u00F4ti\u00E8res de la p\u00E9ninsule se trouvant jusqu'alors sous leur contr\u00F4le. Pendant le r\u00E8gne d'Manuel Ier Comn\u00E8ne, les Byzantins sont capables de rassembler environ deux cents navires pour affronter l'ennemi. Ce n'est qu'apr\u00E8s la disparition de la dynastie comn\u00E8ne que les Turcs r\u00E9ussissent \u00E0 capturer un port anatolien. Umur d'Aydin, au XIVe si\u00E8cle, repr\u00E9sente la premi\u00E8re menace turque pour la navigation chr\u00E9tienne en mer \u00C9g\u00E9e depuis le XIe si\u00E8cle."@fr . . "Byzantine Empire" . . . . . . . . "Seljuk campaigns in the Aegean"@en . . . . "Seljuk Turks gain and then lose control of Chios, Lesbos, Smyrna and Abydos."@en . "\u0627\u0644\u062D\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u062C\u0648\u0642\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0628\u062D\u0631 \u0625\u064A\u062C\u0629"@ar . . . . . . "As campanhas selj\u00FAcidas no Egeu se referem \u00E0s a\u00E7\u00F5es navais e terrestre levadas a cabo pelos turcos selj\u00FAcidas, liderados principalmente por Tzacas de Esmirna contra o Imp\u00E9rio Bizantino. Um feroz oponente, Tzacas venceu a primeira batalha naval turca contra os bizantinos e capturou algumas das ilhas do Egeu e tamb\u00E9m as cidades de Esmirna e Abidos no continente. Na sequ\u00EAncia da Primeira Cruzada, Aleixo I lan\u00E7ou um contra-ataque que reconquistou todos os territ\u00F3rios perdidos. O imperador tamb\u00E9m conseguiu rapidamente repelir a amea\u00E7a de Abu Alcacim, o governador selj\u00FAcida de Niceia, que tentou criar uma frota pr\u00F3pria em Abidos por volta de 1090. Tzacas recuperou-se de sua primeira derrota e retomou diversas ilhas, mas foi definitivamente derrotado em Lesbos por Constantino Dalasseno e Jo\u00E3o Ducas em 1092. Sua capital, Esmirna, e a maior parte da costa no Egeu foram recuperadas por Ducas em 1097, encerrando a amea\u00E7a de um acesso direto dos turcos ao Egeu. O filho de Aleixo I, Jo\u00E3o II Comneno herdou uma grande quantidade de terras na \u00C1sia Menor ocidental, inclusive a cidade portu\u00E1ria de Ant\u00E1lia, que estava cercada pelos turcos. Mesmo assim, as incans\u00E1veis campanhas de Jo\u00E3o repeliram os turcos para a parte central da Anat\u00F3lia e, por volta de 1143, os selj\u00FAcidas j\u00E1 haviam perdido tudo o que controlavam nas regi\u00F5es costeiras da \u00C1sia Menor. Os bizantinos, sob Manuel I Comneno, conseguiam juntar frotas de at\u00E9 200 navios e n\u00E3o foi antes da queda dos Comnenos que os turcos conseguiriam capturar novamente um porto e foi somente sob , no s\u00E9culo XIV, que se reconstituiu uma amea\u00E7a naval turca \u00E0s rotas crist\u00E3s no Egeu, a primeira desde o s\u00E9culo XI."@pt . "1103209224"^^ . . . "*Tzachas" . . . . . . . "Campanhas selj\u00FAcidas no Egeu"@pt . "\u041C\u043E\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u043A\u0430\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0457 \u0427\u0430\u043A\u0430 \u0411\u0435\u044F, \u041C\u043E\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u043A\u0430\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0457 \u0426\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0441\u0430 \u2014 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0456\u044F \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0456\u0439 \u043D\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E-\u043C\u043E\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u043B \u0441\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0434\u0436\u0443\u0446\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0435\u043C\u0456\u0440\u0430 (\u0442\u0443\u0440. \u00C7aka Bey) \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043E\u043D\u0430\u0445 \u0415\u0433\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0442\u0430 \u041C\u0430\u0440\u043C\u0443\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043C\u043E\u0440\u044F, \u043A\u0443\u043B\u044C\u043C\u0456\u043D\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0454\u044E \u044F\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u043E\u0431\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0430 \u041A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044F \u0432\u0437\u0438\u043C\u043A\u0443 1090-1091 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0456\u0432. \u0415\u043F\u0456\u0437\u043E\u0434 ."@uk . . "*Sultanate of Rum" . "\u03A3\u03B5\u03BB\u03C4\u03B6\u03BF\u03C5\u03BA\u03B9\u03BA\u03AD\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BA\u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03B5\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u0391\u03B9\u03B3\u03B1\u03AF\u03BF"@el . . . . . "1081"^^ . . "As campanhas selj\u00FAcidas no Egeu se referem \u00E0s a\u00E7\u00F5es navais e terrestre levadas a cabo pelos turcos selj\u00FAcidas, liderados principalmente por Tzacas de Esmirna contra o Imp\u00E9rio Bizantino. Um feroz oponente, Tzacas venceu a primeira batalha naval turca contra os bizantinos e capturou algumas das ilhas do Egeu e tamb\u00E9m as cidades de Esmirna e Abidos no continente. Na sequ\u00EAncia da Primeira Cruzada, Aleixo I lan\u00E7ou um contra-ataque que reconquistou todos os territ\u00F3rios perdidos. O imperador tamb\u00E9m conseguiu rapidamente repelir a amea\u00E7a de Abu Alcacim, o governador selj\u00FAcida de Niceia, que tentou criar uma frota pr\u00F3pria em Abidos por volta de 1090."@pt . . . . . . . . . "Les campagnes seldjoukides en mer \u00C9g\u00E9e sont les op\u00E9rations navales des Turcs seldjoukides, principalement men\u00E9es sous le commandement de Zachas de Smyrne, contre l'Empire byzantin. Ancien d\u00E9tenu, puis vassal byzantin, Zachas se rebelle contre l'empire lors de l'ascension au tr\u00F4ne d'Alexis Ier Comn\u00E8ne, qui r\u00E9serve les faveurs royales \u00E0 la vieille aristocratie imp\u00E9riale. Au d\u00E9part, il r\u00E9ussit la conqu\u00EAte de Clazom\u00E8nes, Phoc\u00E9e et Chios. F\u00E9roce ennemi de l'empire, Zachas construit la premi\u00E8re flotte turque, compos\u00E9e de quarante et un navires, et conquiert certaines \u00EEles de la mer \u00C9g\u00E9e - parmi lesquelles les plus importantes de la partie orientale de cette mer, Lesbos et Samos en 1088, ainsi que Mytil\u00E8ne et Rhodes\u2014, ainsi que Smyrne et Abydos, lors d'une s\u00E9rie d'attaques ayant lieu entre 1088 e"@fr . "Las campa\u00F1as sely\u00FAcidas en el Egeo fueron las acciones navales que realizaron los turcos sely\u00FAcidas, principalmente encabezadas por Tzacas de Esmirna, contra el Imperio bizantino. Antiguo cautivo y luego cliente bizantino, Tzacas se rebel\u00F3 contra el imperio al ascender al trono Alejo I Comneno, que reserv\u00F3 los favores reales a la vieja aristocracia imperial.\u200B Al principio, se adue\u00F1\u00F3 de Claz\u00F3menas, Focea y Qu\u00EDos.\u200B Feroz enemigo del imperio, Tzacas construy\u00F3 la primera flota turca de cuarenta\u200B naves y conquist\u00F3 algunas islas del mar Egeo \u2014entre ellas la mayor de la zona oriental de este mar, Lesbos y Samos en el 1088, adem\u00E1s de Mitilene y Rodas\u2014,\u200B adem\u00E1s de Esmirna y Abido, en una serie de ofensivas entre el 1088 y el 1093.\u200B Arras\u00F3 adem\u00E1s la comarca de Atramicio.\u200B En 1090, derrot\u00F3 a la escuadra bizantina enviada contra \u00E9l.\u200B La flota de Tzacas tuvo su centro en la ciudad de Focea entre el 1088 y el 1092.\u200B A partir de esa fecha, fij\u00F3 su capital en Esmirna y se proclam\u00F3 emperador, socavando el prestigio de Alejo.\u200B Tras la Primera Cruzada, Alejo puso en marcha un contraataque que recuper\u00F3 los territorios perdidos. Alejo tambi\u00E9n fue capaz de eliminar r\u00E1pidamente la amenaza de Abu'l Qasim, el gobernador sely\u00FAcida de Nicea, que intent\u00F3 crear una flota propia en Abido en torno al 1090. Tzacas se recuper\u00F3 de su primera derrota y volvi\u00F3 a tomar varias islas, pero fue derrotado definitivamente en Lesbos por Constantino Dalaseno y Juan Ducas en 1092.\u200B Este \u00FAltimo tom\u00F3 la capital de Tzacas, Esmirna,\u200B y la mayor\u00EDa de la costa del mar Egeo en 1097, poniendo fin al acceso de los turcos a este mar. Trat\u00F3 de apoderarse de Abido en 1093,\u200B pero tuvo que levantar el cerco de la ciudad acosado por bizantinos y sely\u00FAcidas.\u200B Muri\u00F3 a manos del sult\u00E1n Kilij Arslan I, yerno suyo por haberse casado con una de sus hijas, tras un banquete al que este lo hab\u00EDa invitado en el que lo emborrach\u00F3 antes de apu\u00F1alarlo mortalmente.\u200B\u200B El hijo de Alejo I Comneno , Juan II Comneno, hered\u00F3 una considerable cantidad de tierra en el oeste de Asia Menor, aunque la ciudad portuaria de Antalya estaba bajo asedio sely\u00FAcida. Sin embargo, las continuas campa\u00F1as del incansable Juan expulsaron a los turcos al interior de Anatolia y hacia el 1143 los sely\u00FAcidas hab\u00EDan perdido todas las regiones costeras de la pen\u00EDnsula. Los bizantinos en tiempos de Manuel I Comneno pod\u00EDan reunir unos doscientos barcos para enfrentarse al enemigo. No fue sino tras la desaparici\u00F3n de la dinast\u00EDa Comnena que los turcos capturaron un puerto anat\u00F3lico. Umur de Aydin en el siglo XIV represent\u00F3 la primera amenaza turca a la navegaci\u00F3n cristiana en el mar Egeo desde el siglo XI."@es . . "*Beylik of Tanr\u0131bermi\u015F" . "Seljuk campaigns in the Aegean"@en . . . "Campa\u00F1as sely\u00FAcidas en el Egeo"@es . . "Seljuk Empire" . . . . . . . . "The Seljuk campaigns in the Aegean refer to the ground and naval actions conducted by the Seljuk Turks, chiefly under the leadership of Tzachas of Smyrna against the Byzantine Empire. A fierce opponent, Tzachas constructed the first Turkish navy and captured a few Aegean islands, supplemented by the conquest of Smyrna and Abydos. In the aftermath of the First Crusade Alexios I launched a counter-attack which regained the territories lost. Alexios was also able to rapidly quell the threat of Abu'l Qasim, the Seljuk governor of Nicaea, who attempted to create a fleet of his own at Abydos in ca. 1090."@en . . "Overall Byzantine victory"@en . . . . . . . . "the Byzantine-Seljuk Wars"@en . . "\u039F\u03B9 \u03B5\u03BA\u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03B5\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03A3\u03B5\u03BB\u03C4\u03B6\u03BF\u03CD\u03BA\u03C9\u03BD \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u0391\u03B9\u03B3\u03B1\u03AF\u03BF \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C6\u03AD\u03C1\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 \u03C7\u03B5\u03C1\u03C3\u03B1\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BD\u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AD\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BD\u03AD\u03C1\u03B3\u03B5\u03B9\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03A3\u03B5\u03BB\u03C4\u03B6\u03BF\u03CD\u03BA\u03C9\u03BD \u03A4\u03BF\u03CD\u03C1\u03BA\u03C9\u03BD, \u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C9\u03C2 \u03C5\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B7\u03B3\u03B5\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03A4\u03B6\u03B1\u03C7\u03AC \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03A3\u03BC\u03CD\u03C1\u03BD\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BD\u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03AF\u03BF\u03BD \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0392\u03C5\u03B6\u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03BD\u03AE\u03C2 \u0391\u03C5\u03C4\u03BF\u03BA\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2. \u03A3\u03C6\u03BF\u03B4\u03C1\u03CC\u03C2 \u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03AF\u03C0\u03B1\u03BB\u03BF\u03C2, \u03BF \u03A4\u03B6\u03B1\u03C7\u03AC\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03BA\u03B5\u03CD\u03B1\u03C3\u03B5 \u03C4\u03BF \u03C0\u03C1\u03CE\u03C4\u03BF \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03BA\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03BD\u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AD\u03BB\u03B1\u03B2\u03B5 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03BD\u03B7\u03C3\u03B9\u03AC \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u0391\u03B9\u03B3\u03B1\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5, \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03AD\u03C7\u03B9\u03C3\u03B5 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC\u03BA\u03C4\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03A3\u03BC\u03CD\u03C1\u03BD\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0391\u03B2\u03CD\u03B4\u03BF\u03C5. \u039C\u03B5\u03C4\u03AC \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u0391\u0384 \u03A3\u03C4\u03B1\u03C5\u03C1\u03BF\u03C6\u03BF\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1 \u03BF \u0391\u03BB\u03AD\u03BE\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2 \u0391\u0384 \u03B5\u03BE\u03B1\u03C0\u03AD\u03BB\u03C5\u03C3\u03B5 \u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03B8\u03B5\u03C3\u03B7, \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03BD\u03AD\u03BA\u03C4\u03B7\u03C3\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B1 \u03C7\u03B1\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03B5\u03B4\u03AC\u03C6\u03B7. \u039F \u0391\u03BB\u03AD\u03BE\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2 \u0391\u0384 \u03BC\u03C0\u03CC\u03C1\u03B5\u03C3\u03B5 \u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03AF\u03BB\u03B5\u03B9 \u03B3\u03C1\u03AE\u03B3\u03BF\u03C1\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B1\u03C0\u03B5\u03B9\u03BB\u03AE \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u0391\u03BC\u03C0\u03BD\u03C4\u03BF\u03CD\u03BB \u039A\u03B1\u03C3\u03AF\u03BC, \u03A3\u03B5\u03BB\u03C4\u03B6\u03BF\u03CD\u03BA\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BA\u03C5\u03B2\u03B5\u03C1\u03BD\u03AE\u03C4\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u039D\u03AF\u03BA\u03B1\u03B9\u03B1\u03C2, \u03BF \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03C3\u03C0\u03AC\u03B8\u03B7\u03C3\u03B5 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03B4\u03B7\u03BC\u03B9\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03B3\u03AE\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1\u03BD \u03B4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03BB\u03BF \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u0386\u03B2\u03C5\u03B4\u03BF \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C4\u03BF 1090."@el . "\u062A\u0634\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u062C\u0648\u0642\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0628\u062D\u0631 \u0625\u064A\u062C\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062D\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062C\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062A\u0631\u0627\u0643\u060C \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064A\u0633\u064A \u062A\u062D\u062A \u0642\u064A\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0632\u0627\u062E\u0627\u0633 \u0636\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064A\u0632\u0646\u0637\u064A\u0629. \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u0627\u062E\u0627\u0633\u060C \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0633\u060C \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062A\u0631\u0643\u064A \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062C\u0632\u0631 \u0628\u062D\u0631 \u0625\u064A\u062C\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u063A\u0632\u0648 \u0633\u0645\u064A\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u064A\u062F\u0648\u0633. \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064A\u0628\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060C \u0634\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u064A\u0648\u0633 \u0647\u062C\u0648\u0645\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062F\u064B\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062E\u0633\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u062A\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u064A\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u064A\u0636\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062E\u0645\u0627\u062F \u062A\u0647\u062F\u064A\u062F \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u060C \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u062C\u0648\u0642\u064A \u0644\u0646\u064A\u0642\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u062D\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062E\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0628\u064A\u062F\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1090."@ar . . "Kampanye Seljuk di Aegea merujuk kepada tindakan di darat dan laut yang dilakukan oleh Seljuk Turki, yang dipimpin oleh Tzachas dari Smyrna menghadapi Kekaisaran Bizantium. Berhadapan dengan lawan yang tangguh, Tzachas membangun Angkatan Laut Turki pertama dan menaklukkan beberapa kepulauan Aegea, didukung dengan penaklukan Smyrna dan Abydos. Setelah Perang Salib Pertama berakhir, Alexius I melancarkan serangan balik dan berhasil meraih wilayah yang ditundukkan sebelumnya. Alexius juga mampu dengan cepat menyingkirkan ancaman dari , gubernur Seljuk di Nicaea, yang mencoba untuk membuat armadanya sendiri di Abydos sekitar tahun ca.\u20091090."@in . . . "\u041C\u043E\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u043A\u0430\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0457 \u0427\u0430\u043A\u0430 \u0411\u0435\u044F, \u041C\u043E\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u043A\u0430\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0457 \u0426\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0441\u0430 \u2014 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0456\u044F \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0456\u0439 \u043D\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E-\u043C\u043E\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u043B \u0441\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0434\u0436\u0443\u0446\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0435\u043C\u0456\u0440\u0430 (\u0442\u0443\u0440. \u00C7aka Bey) \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043E\u043D\u0430\u0445 \u0415\u0433\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0442\u0430 \u041C\u0430\u0440\u043C\u0443\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043C\u043E\u0440\u044F, \u043A\u0443\u043B\u044C\u043C\u0456\u043D\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0454\u044E \u044F\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u043E\u0431\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0430 \u041A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044F \u0432\u0437\u0438\u043C\u043A\u0443 1090-1091 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0456\u0432. \u0415\u043F\u0456\u0437\u043E\u0434 ."@uk . . . "Las campa\u00F1as sely\u00FAcidas en el Egeo fueron las acciones navales que realizaron los turcos sely\u00FAcidas, principalmente encabezadas por Tzacas de Esmirna, contra el Imperio bizantino. Antiguo cautivo y luego cliente bizantino, Tzacas se rebel\u00F3 contra el imperio al ascender al trono Alejo I Comneno, que reserv\u00F3 los favores reales a la vieja aristocracia imperial.\u200B Al principio, se adue\u00F1\u00F3 de Claz\u00F3menas, Focea y Qu\u00EDos.\u200B Feroz enemigo del imperio, Tzacas construy\u00F3 la primera flota turca de cuarenta\u200B naves y conquist\u00F3 algunas islas del mar Egeo \u2014entre ellas la mayor de la zona oriental de este mar, Lesbos y Samos en el 1088, adem\u00E1s de Mitilene y Rodas\u2014,\u200B adem\u00E1s de Esmirna y Abido, en una serie de ofensivas entre el 1088 y el 1093.\u200B Arras\u00F3 adem\u00E1s la comarca de Atramicio.\u200B En 1090, derrot\u00F3 a la escua"@es . "16739387"^^ . . . "\u062A\u0634\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u062C\u0648\u0642\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0628\u062D\u0631 \u0625\u064A\u062C\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062D\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062C\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062A\u0631\u0627\u0643\u060C \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064A\u0633\u064A \u062A\u062D\u062A \u0642\u064A\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0632\u0627\u062E\u0627\u0633 \u0636\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064A\u0632\u0646\u0637\u064A\u0629. \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u0627\u062E\u0627\u0633\u060C \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0633\u060C \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062A\u0631\u0643\u064A \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062C\u0632\u0631 \u0628\u062D\u0631 \u0625\u064A\u062C\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u063A\u0632\u0648 \u0633\u0645\u064A\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u064A\u062F\u0648\u0633. \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064A\u0628\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060C \u0634\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u064A\u0648\u0633 \u0647\u062C\u0648\u0645\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062F\u064B\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062E\u0633\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u062A\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u064A\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u064A\u0636\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062E\u0645\u0627\u062F \u062A\u0647\u062F\u064A\u062F \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u060C \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u062C\u0648\u0642\u064A \u0644\u0646\u064A\u0642\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u062D\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062E\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0628\u064A\u062F\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1090. \u062A\u0639\u0627\u0641\u0649 \u0632\u0627\u062E\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0632\u064A\u0645\u062A\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0627\u062F \u0639\u062F\u0629 \u062C\u0632\u0631\u060C \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u064F\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064A \u0641\u064A \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0650\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064A\u0646 \u062F\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064A\u0646\u0648\u064A \u0648\u064A\u0648\u062D\u0646\u0627 \u062F\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064A 1092. \u0627\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0627\u062F \u062F\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u062A\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u064A\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u062D\u0644 \u0628\u062D\u0631 \u0625\u064A\u062C\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0645 1097\u060C \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062A\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062D\u0631 \u0625\u064A\u062C\u0629. \u0648\u0631\u062B \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u064A\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064A\u0646\u0648\u0633\u060C \u064A\u0648\u062D\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0646\u064A \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064A\u0646\u060C \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062D\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064A\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064A \u0641\u064A \u063A\u0631\u0628 \u0622\u0633\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063A\u0631\u0649\u060C \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063A\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062F\u064A\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062D\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062A \u062A\u062D\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u062C\u0648\u0642\u064A. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060C \u062F\u0641\u0639\u062A \u062D\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062A \u064A\u0648\u062D\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0624\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062A\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0648\u0644\u060C \u0648\u0628\u062D\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1143\u060C \u0641\u0642\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062C\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062A\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062D\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0622\u0633\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063A\u0631\u0649. \u0627\u0633\u062A\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064A\u0632\u0646\u0637\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064A\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064A\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064A\u0646\u0648\u0633 \u062D\u0634\u062F \u062D\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064A 200 \u0633\u0641\u064A\u0646\u0629. \u0644\u0645 \u064A\u0643\u0646 \u062D\u062A\u0649 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0633\u064A\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062A\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064A\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0648 \u0622\u064A\u062F\u064A\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u062D\u062F\u0648\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0642\u062F \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062A\u0647\u062F\u064A\u062F \u062A\u0631\u0643\u064A \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062D\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062D\u0631\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064A\u062D\u064A \u0641\u064A \u0628\u062D\u0631 \u0625\u064A\u062C\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0627\u062F\u064A \u0639\u0634\u0631."@ar . .