. . . . . "*First Punic War\n*Mercenary War\n** Battle of Utica\n** Battle of the Bagradas River\n** Hamilcar's victory with Naravas\n** Battle of The Saw"@en . . . "Spendio (in greco antico: \u03A3\u03C0\u03CC\u03BD\u03B4\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2; in latino: Spendius; ... \u2013 Tunisi, 238 a.C.) \u00E8 stato un condottiero cartaginese, fu uno dei capi militari pi\u00F9 importanti dei mercenari che si ribellarono a Cartagine nel 241 a.C., dopo la prima guerra punica. Le fonti moderne ritengono che Spendio, schiavo fuggiasco italico ellenizzato, possedesse maggiori capacit\u00E0 degli altri capi della rivolta; egli, a conoscenza delle teorie politiche greche, avrebbe immesso elementi politici rivoluzionari all'interno del primitivo movimento di ribellione confuso e barbarico dei mercenari."@it . . . . . "\u0421\u043F\u0435\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0439"@ru . . . . . . . . . . "Spendios (en lat\u00EDn: Spendius, en griego: \u03A3\u03C0\u03B5\u03BD\u03B4\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2) fue uno de los jefes militares de los mercenarios cartagineses rebelados en el 241 a. C., tras la primera guerra p\u00FAnica. Nacido en la regi\u00F3n de la Campania, fue esclavizado por los romanos. Consigui\u00F3 escapar, vendiendo su espada al servicio de Cartago como mercenario. All\u00ED ascendi\u00F3 a un lugar de honor gracias a su fuerza y coraje."@es . . "Spendios (en grec ancien \u03A3\u03C0\u03CC\u03BD\u03B4\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2, en latin Spendius, date de naissance inconnue, mort en 238 avant J.-C.) est un chef mercenaire campanien connu pour son r\u00F4le dans la Guerre des Mercenaires men\u00E9e contre Carthage apr\u00E8s la premi\u00E8re guerre punique. Sa vie est principalement connue par les Histoires de l'historien grec Polybe, dont le livre I relate la guerre des Mercenaires."@fr . . . . . "Esp\u00EAndio"@pt . . . . . . "65522018"^^ . "Anti-Carthaginian rebels"@en . . . . "Spendius"@en . "24151"^^ . "Esp\u00EAndio (em latim: Spendius, em grego: \u03A3\u03C0\u03B5\u03BD\u03B4\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2) foi um dos chefes militares dos mercen\u00E1rios cartagineses durante a Guerra dos Mercen\u00E1rios, iniciada em 241 a.C., ap\u00F3s a Primeira Guerra P\u00FAnica."@pt . . "Anti-Carthaginian rebels (from 241 BC)" . . . . "Spendio"@it . "1083060562"^^ . "Spendios (en lat\u00EDn: Spendius, en griego: \u03A3\u03C0\u03B5\u03BD\u03B4\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2) fue uno de los jefes militares de los mercenarios cartagineses rebelados en el 241 a. C., tras la primera guerra p\u00FAnica. Nacido en la regi\u00F3n de la Campania, fue esclavizado por los romanos. Consigui\u00F3 escapar, vendiendo su espada al servicio de Cartago como mercenario. All\u00ED ascendi\u00F3 a un lugar de honor gracias a su fuerza y coraje. Al final de la guerra tuvo miedo de ser entregado a los romanos, y por ello foment\u00F3 el descontento del resto de los mercenarios, apremi\u00E1ndoles para que no alcanzaran ning\u00FAn tipo de acuerdo con los cartagineses. Por esta raz\u00F3n, cuando las tropas se amotinaron en masa, fue elegido como su l\u00EDder, junto a un africano de nombre Mat\u00F3n. Particip\u00F3 en el sitio de \u00DAtica y batall\u00F3 contra Hann\u00F3n el Grande durante la Guerra Inexpiable, siendo uno de los principales incitadores de la muerte de Gisc\u00F3n y los emisarios de Cartago, junto al propio Mat\u00F3n y el galo Autarito. Abandon\u00F3 el cerco de Cartago para enfrentarse a Am\u00EDlcar Barca\u200B al mando de 50.000 hombres. Fue derrotado por el cartagin\u00E9s, y la mayor parte de su ej\u00E9rcito pasado a cuchillo. Spendios fue crucificado frente a los muros de T\u00FAnez por \u00F3rdenes del Barca. Su cad\u00E1ver cay\u00F3 posteriormente en poder de Mat\u00F3n, que colg\u00F3 al general cartagin\u00E9s An\u00EDbal en esa misma cruz."@es . . . . . . "\u0421\u043F\u0435\u0301\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0439 (\u043B\u0430\u0442. Spendius, \u0434\u0440.-\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0447. \u03A3\u03C0\u03CC\u03BD\u03B4\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2) \u2014 \u043D\u0430\u0451\u043C\u043D\u0438\u043A \u043D\u0430 \u0441\u043B\u0443\u0436\u0431\u0435 \u041A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0430, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u043E\u0436\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u043C\u044F\u0442\u0435\u0436\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432 \u0432 \u0445\u043E\u0434\u0435 \u041B\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u044B. \u041F\u043E \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044E \u043A\u0430\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0435\u0446. \u0411\u044B\u043B \u0431\u0435\u0433\u043B\u044B\u043C \u0440\u0438\u043C\u0441\u043A\u0438\u043C \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u043C, \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043C \u043A \u043A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u044F\u043D\u0430\u043C. \u041E\u0442\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0430\u043B\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0435\u043E\u0431\u044B\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0439 \u0438 \u043E\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0433\u043E\u0439. \u041F\u043E \u0441\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043C \u041F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0431\u0438\u044F, \u0421\u043F\u0435\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0439 \u043E\u043F\u0430\u0441\u0430\u043B\u0441\u044F \u0431\u044B\u0442\u044C \u0432\u044B\u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0435\u043C\u0443 \u0433\u043E\u0441\u043F\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0443 \u0438 \u043A\u0430\u0437\u043D\u0451\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0432 \u0441\u043E\u043E\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u0440\u0438\u043C\u0441\u043A\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u043F\u043E\u044D\u0442\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0434\u0435\u043B\u0430\u043B \u0432\u0441\u0451 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E, \u0447\u0442\u043E\u0431\u044B \u043D\u0435 \u0434\u043E\u043F\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044C \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0432\u0437\u0431\u0443\u043D\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430\u0451\u043C\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432 \u0441 \u0438\u0445 \u0431\u044B\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044F\u043C\u0438."@ru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Spendius, as envisaged by Victor Armand Poirson in 1890"@en . . . "Carthaginian Empire(until 241 BC)" . . . "Esp\u00EAndio (em latim: Spendius, em grego: \u03A3\u03C0\u03B5\u03BD\u03B4\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2) foi um dos chefes militares dos mercen\u00E1rios cartagineses durante a Guerra dos Mercen\u00E1rios, iniciada em 241 a.C., ap\u00F3s a Primeira Guerra P\u00FAnica."@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Spendius (died late 238 BC) was a former Roman slave who led a rebel army against Carthage, in what is known as the Mercenary War. He escaped or was rescued from slavery in Campania and was recruited into the Carthaginian Army during the First Punic War at some point prior to 241 BC. Spendius's date of birth is unknown, as are most details of his activities prior to his coming to prominence as a mutineer in 241 BC. After the First Punic War, Carthage attempted to pay its soldiers less than the full amount due to them before demobilising them. Spendius faced death by torture if he were returned to Roman authority and took a dim view of the increasingly warm relationship between Carthage and Rome. He came to the fore as a member of the army most vocal in resisting Carthaginian efforts to set"@en . . . . . "Spendios"@fr . . . . . . . . "Spendio (in greco antico: \u03A3\u03C0\u03CC\u03BD\u03B4\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2; in latino: Spendius; ... \u2013 Tunisi, 238 a.C.) \u00E8 stato un condottiero cartaginese, fu uno dei capi militari pi\u00F9 importanti dei mercenari che si ribellarono a Cartagine nel 241 a.C., dopo la prima guerra punica. Le fonti moderne ritengono che Spendio, schiavo fuggiasco italico ellenizzato, possedesse maggiori capacit\u00E0 degli altri capi della rivolta; egli, a conoscenza delle teorie politiche greche, avrebbe immesso elementi politici rivoluzionari all'interno del primitivo movimento di ribellione confuso e barbarico dei mercenari."@it . . "North African rebel army"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Spendios"@es . "Spendius"@en . . . . . "Spendios (en grec ancien \u03A3\u03C0\u03CC\u03BD\u03B4\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2, en latin Spendius, date de naissance inconnue, mort en 238 avant J.-C.) est un chef mercenaire campanien connu pour son r\u00F4le dans la Guerre des Mercenaires men\u00E9e contre Carthage apr\u00E8s la premi\u00E8re guerre punique. Sa vie est principalement connue par les Histoires de l'historien grec Polybe, dont le livre I relate la guerre des Mercenaires."@fr . . . . . . . . . . "Spendius (died late 238 BC) was a former Roman slave who led a rebel army against Carthage, in what is known as the Mercenary War. He escaped or was rescued from slavery in Campania and was recruited into the Carthaginian Army during the First Punic War at some point prior to 241 BC. Spendius's date of birth is unknown, as are most details of his activities prior to his coming to prominence as a mutineer in 241 BC. After the First Punic War, Carthage attempted to pay its soldiers less than the full amount due to them before demobilising them. Spendius faced death by torture if he were returned to Roman authority and took a dim view of the increasingly warm relationship between Carthage and Rome. He came to the fore as a member of the army most vocal in resisting Carthaginian efforts to settle the dispute. When the disagreement broke down into a full-scale mutiny in late 241 BC he was elected co-general with the African Mathos by his fellow mutineers. Mathos spread the news of the mutiny to the main African settlements under Carthaginian suzerainty and they rose in rebellion. Provisions, money and 70,000 reinforcements poured in. For four years Spendius led a rebel army against Carthage, in what is known as the Mercenary War, with mixed success. In 238 BC Spendius led 40,000 men against the Carthaginian general Hamilcar, keeping to the higher and rougher terrain due to the Carthaginian superiority in cavalry and elephants, and harassed the Carthaginian army. His army became trapped in a pass or mountain range known as the Saw. Pinned against mountains and with their food exhausted, the rebels ate their horses, their prisoners and then their slaves, hoping that Mathos would sortie to rescue them. Eventually, the surrounded troops forced Spendius to parley with Hamilcar, but on a thin pretext Hamilcar took Spendius and his lieutenants prisoner. The rebels then attempted to fight their way out in the Battle of the Saw and were massacred to a man. Spendius and his colleagues were crucified in view of the rebel-held city of Tunis. Mathos ordered a large-scale night attack, which captured a senior Carthaginian general and a visiting delegation of 30 Carthaginian notables. They were tortured and then nailed to the crosses previously occupied by Spendius and his colleagues. Later that year the surviving rebels were crushed at the Battle of Leptis Parva."@en . . . "238"^^ . . . . . . . . . "\u0421\u043F\u0435\u0301\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0439 (\u043B\u0430\u0442. Spendius, \u0434\u0440.-\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0447. \u03A3\u03C0\u03CC\u03BD\u03B4\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2) \u2014 \u043D\u0430\u0451\u043C\u043D\u0438\u043A \u043D\u0430 \u0441\u043B\u0443\u0436\u0431\u0435 \u041A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0430, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u043E\u0436\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u043C\u044F\u0442\u0435\u0436\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432 \u0432 \u0445\u043E\u0434\u0435 \u041B\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u044B. \u041F\u043E \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044E \u043A\u0430\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0435\u0446. \u0411\u044B\u043B \u0431\u0435\u0433\u043B\u044B\u043C \u0440\u0438\u043C\u0441\u043A\u0438\u043C \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u043C, \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043C \u043A \u043A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u044F\u043D\u0430\u043C. \u041E\u0442\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0430\u043B\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0435\u043E\u0431\u044B\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0439 \u0438 \u043E\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0433\u043E\u0439. \u041F\u043E \u0441\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043C \u041F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0431\u0438\u044F, \u0421\u043F\u0435\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0439 \u043E\u043F\u0430\u0441\u0430\u043B\u0441\u044F \u0431\u044B\u0442\u044C \u0432\u044B\u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0435\u043C\u0443 \u0433\u043E\u0441\u043F\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0443 \u0438 \u043A\u0430\u0437\u043D\u0451\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0432 \u0441\u043E\u043E\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u0440\u0438\u043C\u0441\u043A\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u043F\u043E\u044D\u0442\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0434\u0435\u043B\u0430\u043B \u0432\u0441\u0451 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E, \u0447\u0442\u043E\u0431\u044B \u043D\u0435 \u0434\u043E\u043F\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044C \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0432\u0437\u0431\u0443\u043D\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430\u0451\u043C\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432 \u0441 \u0438\u0445 \u0431\u044B\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044F\u043C\u0438. \u0412\u043E \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044F \u043E\u0441\u0430\u0434\u044B \u0413\u0438\u043F\u043F\u0430\u043A\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u043E\u0436\u0434\u044C \u043C\u044F\u0442\u0435\u0436\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432 \u041C\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0441 \u043F\u043E\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043B \u0421\u043F\u0435\u043D\u0434\u0438\u044E \u0441 6-\u0442\u044B\u0441\u044F\u0447\u043D\u044B\u043C \u043E\u0442\u0440\u044F\u0434\u043E\u043C \u0438 \u0432\u043E\u0437\u0433\u043B\u0430\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u043C\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u0410\u0432\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043E\u043C 2 \u0442\u044B\u0441\u044F\u0447\u0430\u043C \u0433\u0430\u043B\u043B\u043E\u0432 (\u0433\u0430\u043B\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0432) \u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044C \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430, \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0433\u0430\u044F \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043C\u0435\u0441\u0442, \u0443\u0434\u043E\u0431\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0446\u044B \u0438 \u0441\u043B\u043E\u043D\u043E\u0432 \u043A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u044F\u043D. \u041E\u0434\u043D\u0430\u043A\u043E \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0443 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u043D\u0443\u043C\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0439\u0446\u0430 \u041D\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0441\u0430 \u0441\u043E \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0438\u043C \u043E\u0442\u0440\u044F\u0434\u043E\u043C \u0421\u043F\u0435\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0410\u0432\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0435 \u0431\u044B\u043B\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044B \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043B\u0438, \u0430 \u043C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043C\u044F\u0442\u0435\u0436\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u043F\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0432 \u043F\u043B\u0435\u043D. \u041A\u043E\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u044F\u043D \u0413\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043B\u044C\u043A\u0430\u0440 \u0411\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0430 \u043E\u0431\u043E\u0448\u0451\u043B\u0441\u044F \u0441 \u043F\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0432\u044B\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043D\u043E \u043C\u044F\u0433\u043A\u043E, \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044F\u0441\u044C \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0443\u0442\u044C \u0438\u0445 \u043D\u0430 \u0441\u043B\u0443\u0436\u0431\u0443 \u043A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443. \u042D\u0442\u043E \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043E\u0436\u0438\u043B\u043E \u0432\u043E\u0436\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u043D\u0430\u0451\u043C\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0435 \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0438 \u0443\u0433\u0440\u043E\u0437\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043B\u0430 \u0432 \u0440\u044F\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0432. \u0427\u0442\u043E\u0431\u044B \u043E\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044C \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043F\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043A \u043E\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044E, \u0421\u043F\u0435\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043B \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044C \u043C\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043A\u0430\u0437\u043D\u0438 \u0434\u043E 700 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u043D\u0435\u0435 \u043A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u044F\u043D. \u041A\u043E\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u044F\u043D\u0435 \u043E\u0442\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0433\u043B\u0430\u0448\u0430\u0442\u0430\u044F \u043A \u043C\u044F\u0442\u0435\u0436\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043C \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0432 \u043E \u0432\u043E\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043B \u043F\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0431\u0448\u0438\u0445, \u0421\u043F\u0435\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0438 \u043D\u0435 \u0442\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043A\u043E \u043E\u0442\u043A\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u044C\u0431\u0443 \u043E \u043F\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0438, \u043D\u043E \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u0433\u0434\u0430-\u043B\u0438\u0431\u043E \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u044B\u043B\u0430\u0442\u044C \u0433\u043B\u0430\u0448\u0430\u0442\u0430\u044F \u043F\u043E \u043A\u0430\u043A\u0438\u043C \u0431\u044B \u0442\u043E \u043D\u0438 \u0431\u044B\u043B\u043E \u0432\u043E\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0430\u043C, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0440\u043E\u0437\u0438\u0432 \u0438\u043C \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044C\u044E \u043A\u0430\u0437\u043D\u0451\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445. \u0421\u043F\u0435\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u044B\u043B \u0441\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043D \u043A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u044F\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u043C\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u043E\u0436\u0434\u044F\u043C\u0438 \u0432 \u0445\u043E\u0434\u0435 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0432, \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435 \u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0413\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043B\u044C\u043A\u0430\u0440\u0443 \u0411\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044C \u0437\u0430\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044C \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0443\u044E \u0430\u0440\u043C\u0438\u044E \u0432 \u0443\u0449\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0435 \u041F\u0438\u043B\u044B, \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043F\u044F\u0442 \u043F\u043E\u0434 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u043E\u0441\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0451\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0422\u0443\u043D\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043C\u044F\u0442\u0435\u0436\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432. \u041E\u0434\u043D\u0430\u043A\u043E \u043E\u0441\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0451\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u0434 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u043C \u041C\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0441\u0430, \u0432\u043E\u0441\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0437\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0441\u044C \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C\u044E \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0430, \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0432\u043D\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043F\u043D\u0443\u044E \u0432\u044B\u043B\u0430\u0437\u043A\u0443, \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043E\u043B\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0446\u0430 \u0413\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0431\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435 \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043C\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043F\u044F\u043B\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043E \u043D\u0430 \u0442\u043E\u043C \u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043C\u043E\u043C \u043A\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435, \u0441 \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u044D\u0442\u0438\u043C \u0441\u043D\u044F\u043B\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043B\u043E \u0421\u043F\u0435\u043D\u0434\u0438\u044F, \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043C \u0443\u0431\u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0435\u0449\u0451 30 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0442\u043D\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u044F\u043D."@ru . . . "Spendius"@en . . .