. "Een torma is een offercakeje of -koekje dat in gebruik is in het Tibetaans boeddhisme. Het bestaat uit deeg en boter. De koekjes worden ceremonieel weggeworpen tijdens festivals, omdat ze worden gezien als een verzameling van alle kwaad. De koekjes worden verder ook op voorwerpen gezet. De meest bewerkelijke figuren worden gemaakt voor m\u00F6nlam, het Tibetaans nieuwjaar, wanneer ze op frames worden geplaatst van leer. Torma's worden gemaakt in verschillende kleuren, vaak met wit of rood voor de romp van het koekje. Ze worden in verschillende vormen gemaakt en zijn meestal kegelvormig."@nl . "\u6735\u739B\uFF08\u85CF\u6587\uFF1A\u0F42\u0F4F\u0F7C\u0F62\u0F0B\u0F58\u0F0D\uFF0C\u5A01\u5229\u8F6C\u5199\uFF1Agtor ma\uFF0CTHL\uFF1ATor-ma\uFF0C\u68B5\u8BED\uFF1A\u5DF4\u82D3\u9054Balingta\u6216\u5167\u5A01\u758Anayviday\uFF09\uFF0C\u4E5F\u79F0\u98DF\u5B50\u3001\u6735\u9A6C\u3001\u591A\u739B\u3001\u796D\u98DF\uFF0C\u85CF\u4F20\u4F5B\u6559\u4E2D\uFF0C\u4EE5\u7CCC\u7C91\u6216\u719F\u9EA6\u7C89\u4E0E\u9165\u6CB9\u4F5C\u6210\uFF0C\u7528\u4EE5\u4F9B\u517B\u4F5B\u3001\u83E9\u8428\u3001\u672C\u5C0A\u6216\u8BF8\u795E\uFF0C\u6216\u65BD\u98DF\u4F17\u9B3C\u7684\u4E00\u79CD\u9762\u5851\u98DF\u54C1\u3002\u5B83\u4EEC\u4F1A\u88AB\u67D3\u6210\u4E0D\u540C\u7684\u989C\u8272\uFF0C\u4F46\u4E3B\u4F53\u4E00\u822C\u4E3A\u767D\u8272\u6216\u7EA2\u8272\u3002\u6839\u636E\u4E0D\u540C\u7684\u7528\u9014\u53EF\u4EE5\u505A\u6210\u4E0D\u540C\u7684\u5F62\u72B6\uFF0C\u901A\u5E38\u4E3A\u5706\u9525\u5F62\u3002\u5C3D\u7BA1\u6735\u739B\u4E00\u822C\u5F88\u5C0F\uFF0C\u53EF\u4EE5\u76F4\u63A5\u653E\u7F6E\u5728\u4F5B\u9F9B\u6216\u6258\u76D8\u4E0A\uFF0C\u4F46\u76DB\u5927\u8282\u65E5\u4E2D\uFF0C\u4E5F\u4F1A\u5236\u4F5C\u5927\u578B\u7684\u6735\u739B\u3002 \u5176\u539F\u6599\u4E3B\u8981\u662F\u4E09\u767D\u4E09\u751C\uFF08\u4E73\u3001\u916A\u3001\u9165\u6CB9\u3001\u51B0\u7CD6\u3001\u8702\u871C\uFF09\u4F9D\u4E0D\u540C\u7684\u5730\u5340\u6703\u6709\u4E9B\u8A31\u7684\u539F\u6599\u8B8A\u52D5\uFF0C\u5982\u5370\u5EA6\u4F9B\u795E\u7684\u5718\u72C0\u98DF\u7269\u61C9\u8A72\u662F\u6735\u746A\u7684\u539F\u578B\uFF0C\u737B\u4F9B\u4E8B\u90E8\u3001\u884C\u90E8\u3001\u745C\u4F3D\u90E8\u7684\u672C\u5C0A\u57FA\u672C\u4E0A\u90FD\u662F\u4F7F\u7528\u767D\u98DF\u5B50\uFF08\u85CF\u97F3\uFF1A\u5676\u6735\uFF09\uFF0C\u4F9B\u990A\u7121\u4E0A\u745C\u4F3D\u90E8\u53CA\u8B77\u6CD5\u5927\u591A\u662F\u7528\u7D05\u98DF\u5B50\uFF08\u85CF\u97F3\uFF1A\u746A\u6735\uFF09\u4E26\u5728\u539F\u6599\u4E2D\u52A0\u5165\u5167\u4F9B\u7518\u9732\u3002 \u592A\u9633\u4E4B\u5854\u9020\u578B\u7075\u611F\u6765\u81EA\u201C\u6735\u739B\u201D\u3002"@zh . . "La torma (en tibetano, \u0F42\u0F4F\u0F7C\u0F62\u0F0B\u0F58 Wy: gtor ma) es una expresi\u00F3n art\u00EDstica propia del budismo tibetano que consiste en figurillas o esculturas hechas de harina de cebada (tsampa) y mantequilla. Las tormas tienen una funci\u00F3n ritual y, aunque tienen varias capas de significados, primordialmente representan a una divinidad personificada abstracta y temporalmente.\u200B"@es . "Torma (Skt: Balingta, Tib: Tor-ma, Wylie: gtor ma) are figures made mostly of flour and butter used in tantric rituals or as offerings in Tibetan Buddhism. They may be dyed in different colors, often with white or red for the main body of the torma. They are made in specific shapes based on their purpose, usually conical in form. A very large, central shrine torma may be constructed for festivals, though typically they are small and placed directly on a shrine, on a plate, mounted on leather or held on a special base like a skull."@en . . . . . "Torma (em s\u00E2nscrito: Balingta, em tibetano: Tor-ma, Wylie: gtor ma) s\u00E3o figuras feitas principalmente de farinha e manteiga usadas em rituais t\u00E2ntricos ou como oferendas no budismo tibetano. Eles podem ser tingidos em cores diferentes, geralmente em branco ou vermelho para o corpo principal do torma. Eles s\u00E3o feitos em formas espec\u00EDficas com base em sua finalidade, geralmente na forma c\u00F4nica. Um torma de santu\u00E1rio central muito grande pode ser constru\u00EDdo para festivais, embora normalmente sejam pequenos e colocados diretamente em um santu\u00E1rio, em um prato, montado em couro ou em uma base especial como uma caveira."@pt . . . . . "1116228890"^^ . "Torma"@fr . . . . . . . . "La torma (en tibetano, \u0F42\u0F4F\u0F7C\u0F62\u0F0B\u0F58 Wy: gtor ma) es una expresi\u00F3n art\u00EDstica propia del budismo tibetano que consiste en figurillas o esculturas hechas de harina de cebada (tsampa) y mantequilla. Las tormas tienen una funci\u00F3n ritual y, aunque tienen varias capas de significados, primordialmente representan a una divinidad personificada abstracta y temporalmente.\u200B Se desconoce con precisi\u00F3n cu\u00E1ndo se comenzaron a elaborar pasteles rituales en el T\u00EDbet, aunque diversos manuscritos del siglo XI las mencionan. La torma puede ser una herencia del bali, una ofrenda t\u00EDpica de la India. Se cree que su origen es anterior a la introducci\u00F3n del budismo en el T\u00EDbet (siglos VII-IX), pues una forma primitiva de torma ya se preparaban (y se siguen preparando) en la religi\u00F3n b\u00F6n prebudista.\u200B"@es . . . . . . "Torma"@es . "\u6735\u739B"@zh . "Torma"@en . . . . "Dans le bouddhisme tib\u00E9tain, les torma, ou tormas (Wylie : gtor ma), sont des g\u00E2teaux sacrificiels servant d'offrandes, notamment dans le cadre de rituels de protection. Elles sont fabriqu\u00E9es \u00E0 partir de farine d'orge grill\u00E9e (tsampa), m\u00E9lang\u00E9e avec de l'eau, afin de former une p\u00E2te qui sera model\u00E9e en forme de c\u00F4ne allong\u00E9. Elles peuvent \u00EAtre individualis\u00E9s en utilisant un b\u00E2ton sur lequel sont sculpt\u00E9es diverses figures en creux. Le moine presse le haut du p\u00E2ton sur la figure choisie. Les tormas sont ensuite d\u00E9cor\u00E9es avec du beurre teint\u00E9 de colorants naturels, par exemple, de la suie de fond de casserole pour le noir, de la poudre d'ocre pour le rouge, du jus de cuisson d'\u00E9pinards pour le vert. Selon Philippe Cornu : \u00AB Il est probable qu'\u00E0 l'origine les torma furent invent\u00E9es pour constituer des substituts aux offrandes sanglantes. Les B\u00F6npo expliquent que leur fondateur (en) les cr\u00E9a pour cette raison, afin de mettre fin aux sacrifices animaux. Les bouddhistes abondent dans le m\u00EAme sens, mais d\u00E9clarent qu'elles auraient \u00E9t\u00E9 invent\u00E9es par eux pour mettre fin aux sacrifices sanglants les B\u00F6npo. Quoi qu'il en soit, les torma n'existent que dans la culture tib\u00E9taine et leur invention a sans doute pr\u00E9c\u00E9d\u00E9 l'arriv\u00E9e du bouddhisme au Tibet. \u00BB"@fr . . "15324122"^^ . "Torma (Skt: Balingta, Tib: Tor-ma, Wylie: gtor ma) are figures made mostly of flour and butter used in tantric rituals or as offerings in Tibetan Buddhism. They may be dyed in different colors, often with white or red for the main body of the torma. They are made in specific shapes based on their purpose, usually conical in form. A very large, central shrine torma may be constructed for festivals, though typically they are small and placed directly on a shrine, on a plate, mounted on leather or held on a special base like a skull."@en . "Torma (budismo)"@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Torma (em s\u00E2nscrito: Balingta, em tibetano: Tor-ma, Wylie: gtor ma) s\u00E3o figuras feitas principalmente de farinha e manteiga usadas em rituais t\u00E2ntricos ou como oferendas no budismo tibetano. Eles podem ser tingidos em cores diferentes, geralmente em branco ou vermelho para o corpo principal do torma. Eles s\u00E3o feitos em formas espec\u00EDficas com base em sua finalidade, geralmente na forma c\u00F4nica. Um torma de santu\u00E1rio central muito grande pode ser constru\u00EDdo para festivais, embora normalmente sejam pequenos e colocados diretamente em um santu\u00E1rio, em um prato, montado em couro ou em uma base especial como uma caveira."@pt . . . . . . . "\u6735\u739B\uFF08\u85CF\u6587\uFF1A\u0F42\u0F4F\u0F7C\u0F62\u0F0B\u0F58\u0F0D\uFF0C\u5A01\u5229\u8F6C\u5199\uFF1Agtor ma\uFF0CTHL\uFF1ATor-ma\uFF0C\u68B5\u8BED\uFF1A\u5DF4\u82D3\u9054Balingta\u6216\u5167\u5A01\u758Anayviday\uFF09\uFF0C\u4E5F\u79F0\u98DF\u5B50\u3001\u6735\u9A6C\u3001\u591A\u739B\u3001\u796D\u98DF\uFF0C\u85CF\u4F20\u4F5B\u6559\u4E2D\uFF0C\u4EE5\u7CCC\u7C91\u6216\u719F\u9EA6\u7C89\u4E0E\u9165\u6CB9\u4F5C\u6210\uFF0C\u7528\u4EE5\u4F9B\u517B\u4F5B\u3001\u83E9\u8428\u3001\u672C\u5C0A\u6216\u8BF8\u795E\uFF0C\u6216\u65BD\u98DF\u4F17\u9B3C\u7684\u4E00\u79CD\u9762\u5851\u98DF\u54C1\u3002\u5B83\u4EEC\u4F1A\u88AB\u67D3\u6210\u4E0D\u540C\u7684\u989C\u8272\uFF0C\u4F46\u4E3B\u4F53\u4E00\u822C\u4E3A\u767D\u8272\u6216\u7EA2\u8272\u3002\u6839\u636E\u4E0D\u540C\u7684\u7528\u9014\u53EF\u4EE5\u505A\u6210\u4E0D\u540C\u7684\u5F62\u72B6\uFF0C\u901A\u5E38\u4E3A\u5706\u9525\u5F62\u3002\u5C3D\u7BA1\u6735\u739B\u4E00\u822C\u5F88\u5C0F\uFF0C\u53EF\u4EE5\u76F4\u63A5\u653E\u7F6E\u5728\u4F5B\u9F9B\u6216\u6258\u76D8\u4E0A\uFF0C\u4F46\u76DB\u5927\u8282\u65E5\u4E2D\uFF0C\u4E5F\u4F1A\u5236\u4F5C\u5927\u578B\u7684\u6735\u739B\u3002 \u5176\u539F\u6599\u4E3B\u8981\u662F\u4E09\u767D\u4E09\u751C\uFF08\u4E73\u3001\u916A\u3001\u9165\u6CB9\u3001\u51B0\u7CD6\u3001\u8702\u871C\uFF09\u4F9D\u4E0D\u540C\u7684\u5730\u5340\u6703\u6709\u4E9B\u8A31\u7684\u539F\u6599\u8B8A\u52D5\uFF0C\u5982\u5370\u5EA6\u4F9B\u795E\u7684\u5718\u72C0\u98DF\u7269\u61C9\u8A72\u662F\u6735\u746A\u7684\u539F\u578B\uFF0C\u737B\u4F9B\u4E8B\u90E8\u3001\u884C\u90E8\u3001\u745C\u4F3D\u90E8\u7684\u672C\u5C0A\u57FA\u672C\u4E0A\u90FD\u662F\u4F7F\u7528\u767D\u98DF\u5B50\uFF08\u85CF\u97F3\uFF1A\u5676\u6735\uFF09\uFF0C\u4F9B\u990A\u7121\u4E0A\u745C\u4F3D\u90E8\u53CA\u8B77\u6CD5\u5927\u591A\u662F\u7528\u7D05\u98DF\u5B50\uFF08\u85CF\u97F3\uFF1A\u746A\u6735\uFF09\u4E26\u5728\u539F\u6599\u4E2D\u52A0\u5165\u5167\u4F9B\u7518\u9732\u3002 \u592A\u9633\u4E4B\u5854\u9020\u578B\u7075\u611F\u6765\u81EA\u201C\u6735\u739B\u201D\u3002"@zh . . . . . . . . . . . . "Torma (cake)"@nl . . "Een torma is een offercakeje of -koekje dat in gebruik is in het Tibetaans boeddhisme. Het bestaat uit deeg en boter. De koekjes worden ceremonieel weggeworpen tijdens festivals, omdat ze worden gezien als een verzameling van alle kwaad. De koekjes worden verder ook op voorwerpen gezet. De meest bewerkelijke figuren worden gemaakt voor m\u00F6nlam, het Tibetaans nieuwjaar, wanneer ze op frames worden geplaatst van leer. Torma's worden gemaakt in verschillende kleuren, vaak met wit of rood voor de romp van het koekje. Ze worden in verschillende vormen gemaakt en zijn meestal kegelvormig. Er bestaan verschillende variaties van de torma's, zoals: \n* Godheidtorma's \n* Voedseltorma's \n* Offertorma's \n* Genezingstorma's"@nl . . "Dans le bouddhisme tib\u00E9tain, les torma, ou tormas (Wylie : gtor ma), sont des g\u00E2teaux sacrificiels servant d'offrandes, notamment dans le cadre de rituels de protection. Elles sont fabriqu\u00E9es \u00E0 partir de farine d'orge grill\u00E9e (tsampa), m\u00E9lang\u00E9e avec de l'eau, afin de former une p\u00E2te qui sera model\u00E9e en forme de c\u00F4ne allong\u00E9."@fr . "5710"^^ . .