. . . . . . . . . . . . "La productivit\u00E9 globale des facteurs (ou productivit\u00E9 totale des facteurs) d\u00E9signe la part de la croissance \u00E9conomique qui n'est pas expliqu\u00E9e par l'accroissement des facteurs de production que sont le facteur capital et le facteur travail. Si le calcul de la croissance \u00E9conomique montre qu'elle a \u00E9t\u00E9 sup\u00E9rieure \u00E0 l'accroissement du travail et du capital, cela signifie que le travail et le capital ont \u00E9t\u00E9 utilis\u00E9s de mani\u00E8re plus efficaces (plus productives) : ce r\u00E9sidu est appel\u00E9 \u00AB productivit\u00E9 globale des facteurs \u00BB."@fr . . "\u041E\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044F \u0444\u0430\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043D\u0430\u044F \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C"@ru . . "La productividad total de los factores (PTF o TFP del ingl\u00E9s Total Factor Productivity) es la diferencia entre la tasa de crecimiento de la producci\u00F3n y la tasa ponderada de incremento de los factores (trabajo, capital, ...). La PTF constituye una medida del efecto de las econom\u00EDas de escala, en que la producci\u00F3n total crece m\u00E1s que proporcionalmente al aumentar la cantidad de cada factor productivo. Se ha demostrado que existe una correlaci\u00F3n entre la PTF y la eficiencia de conversi\u00F3n de la energ\u00EDa.\u200B"@es . . "La productividad total de los factores (PTF o TFP del ingl\u00E9s Total Factor Productivity) es la diferencia entre la tasa de crecimiento de la producci\u00F3n y la tasa ponderada de incremento de los factores (trabajo, capital, ...). La PTF constituye una medida del efecto de las econom\u00EDas de escala, en que la producci\u00F3n total crece m\u00E1s que proporcionalmente al aumentar la cantidad de cada factor productivo. Se ha demostrado que existe una correlaci\u00F3n entre la PTF y la eficiencia de conversi\u00F3n de la energ\u00EDa.\u200B"@es . "1122210844"^^ . "\u5168\u8981\u7D20\u751F\u4EA7\u7387\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1ATotal factor productivity\uFF0C\u4E5F\u88AB\u79F0\u4E3A\u603B\u8981\u7D20\u751F\u4EA7\u7387\uFF09\u662F\u6307\u4E0D\u5305\u62EC\u8D44\u672C\u548C\u52B3\u52A8\u529B\u7B49\u5916\u4F86\u8F93\u5165\uFF0C\u5176\u4ED6\u6240\u6709\u5F71\u54CD\u4EA7\u51FA\u7684\u8981\u7D20\uFF0C\u8B1B\u767D\u4E00\u9EDE\u5C31\u662F\u4E00\u500B\u7D93\u6FDF\u9AD4\u672C\u8EAB\u5BE6\u529B\u7684\u9032\u6B65\uFF0C\u5B83\u7684\u7279\u8272\u662F\u80FD\u5920\u901A\u904E\u4E00\u500B\u7C21\u55AE\u7684\u6578\u64DA\u8AAA\u660E\u7D93\u6FDF\u589E\u9577\u7684\u56E0\u7D20\u3002 \u5728Cobb\u2013Douglas\u51FD\u6578\u4E2D\uFF0CQ = AL\u03B1K\u03B2\uFF0C\u5168\u8981\u7D20\u751F\u4EA7\u7387\u4EE5A\u8868\u793A\u3002\u901A\u5E38\u53EB\u505A\u6280\u672F\u8FDB\u6B65\u7387\uFF0C\u7CFB\u65B0\u53E4\u5178\u7ECF\u6D4E\u589E\u957F\u6A21\u578B\u4E2D\u7528\u6765\u8861\u91CF\u7EAF\u6280\u672F\u8FDB\u6B65\u5728\u751F\u4EA7\u4E2D\u7684\u4F5C\u7528\u7684\u6307\u6807\u7684\u53C8\u4E00\u540D\u79F0\uFF0C\u5B83\u7531\u7F57\u4F2F\u7279\u00B7\u7D22\u6D1B\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1ARobert Merton Solow\uFF09\u63D0\u51FA\u3002\u6240\u8C13\u7EAF\u6280\u672F\u8FDB\u6B65\u5305\u62EC\u77E5\u8BC6\u3001\u6559\u80B2\u3001\u6280\u672F\u57F9\u8BAD\u3001\u89C4\u6A21\u7ECF\u6D4E\u3001\u7EC4\u7EC7\u7BA1\u7406\u7B49\u65B9\u9762\u7684\u6539\u5584\uFF0C\u4F46\u8FD8\u4E0D\u80FD\u5177\u4F53\u5316\u4E3A\uFF0C\u6216\u4E0D\u80FD\u5F52\u56E0\u4E8E\uFF0C\u6709\u5F62\u7684\u6548\u7387\u66F4\u9AD8\u7684\u8D44\u672C\u8BBE\u5907\u3001\u6280\u5DE7\u66F4\u9AD8\u7684\u52B3\u52A8\u3001\u80A5\u6548\u66F4\u5927\u7684\u571F\u5730\u7B49\u751F\u4EA7\u8981\u7D20\u7684\u589E\u52A0\u6295\u5165\u91CF\uFF0C\u6240\u4EE5\u53C8\u79F0\u4E3A\u975E\u5177\u4F53\u5316\u7684\u6280\u672F\u8FDB\u6B65\uFF0C\u4E5F\u88AB\u6BD4\u4F5C\u5929\u964D\u9985\u997C\u3002\u56E0\u6B64\uFF0C\u5168\u8981\u7D20\u751F\u4EA7\u7387\u662F\u6307\u5168\u90E8\u751F\u4EA7\u8981\u7D20\uFF08\u5305\u62EC\u8D44\u672C\u3001\u52B3\u52A8\u3001\u571F\u5730\uFF0C\u4F46\u901A\u5E38\u5206\u6790\u65F6\u90FD\u7565\u53BB\u571F\u5730\u4E0D\u8BA1\uFF09\u7684\u6295\u5165\u91CF\u90FD\u4E0D\u53D8\u65F6\uFF0C\u800C\u751F\u4EA7\u91CF\u4ECD\u80FD\u589E\u52A0\u7684\u90E8\u5206\u3002 \u5168\u8981\u7D20\u751F\u4EA7\u7387\u5E76\u975E\u6240\u6709\u8981\u7D20\u7684\u751F\u4EA7\u7387\uFF0C\u201C\u5168\u201D\u7684\u610F\u601D\u662F\u7ECF\u6D4E\u589E\u957F\u4E2D\u4E0D\u80FD\u5206\u522B\u5F52\u56E0\u4E8E\u6709\u5173\u7684\u6709\u5F62\u751F\u4EA7\u8981\u7D20\u7684\u589E\u957F\u7684\u90A3\u90E8\u5206\uFF0C\u56E0\u800C\u5168\u8981\u7D20\u751F\u4EA7\u7387\u53EA\u80FD\u7528\u6765\u8861\u91CF\u9664\u53BB\u6240\u6709\u6709\u5F62\u751F\u4EA7\u8981\u7D20\u4EE5\u5916\u7684\u7EAF\u6280\u672F\u8FDB\u6B65\u7684\u751F\u4EA7\u7387\u7684\u589E\u957F\u3002"@zh . . "In economics, total-factor productivity (TFP), also called multi-factor productivity, is usually measured as the ratio of aggregate output (e.g., GDP) to aggregate inputs. Under some simplifying assumptions about the production technology, growth in TFP becomes the portion of growth in output not explained by growth in traditionally measured inputs of labour and capital used in production. TFP is calculated by dividing output by the weighted geometric average of labour and capital input, with the standard weighting of 0.7 for labour and 0.3 for capital. Total factor productivity is a measure of productive efficiency in that it measures how much output can be produced from a certain amount of inputs. It accounts for part of the differences in cross-country per-capita income. For relatively "@en . . . . . "In economics, total-factor productivity (TFP), also called multi-factor productivity, is usually measured as the ratio of aggregate output (e.g., GDP) to aggregate inputs. Under some simplifying assumptions about the production technology, growth in TFP becomes the portion of growth in output not explained by growth in traditionally measured inputs of labour and capital used in production. TFP is calculated by dividing output by the weighted geometric average of labour and capital input, with the standard weighting of 0.7 for labour and 0.3 for capital. Total factor productivity is a measure of productive efficiency in that it measures how much output can be produced from a certain amount of inputs. It accounts for part of the differences in cross-country per-capita income. For relatively small percentage changes, the rate of TFP growth can be estimated by subtracting growth rates of labor and capital inputs from the growth rate of output."@en . . . . . . . . "In economia la Total Factor Productivity (TFP) o produttivit\u00E0 totale dei fattori \u00E8 definibile come la parte residua di output eccedente gli input di lavoro e capitale. La TFP misura, generalmente, il grado di efficienza economica e viene calcolata sottraendo il tasso di crescita del lavoro e del capitale rispetto all'output."@it . "Productivit\u00E9 globale des facteurs"@fr . "Die Totale Faktorproduktivit\u00E4t ist als volkswirtschaftliche Kennzahl ein Ma\u00DF f\u00FCr die Produktivit\u00E4t. Sie gibt an, welcher Teil des Wachstums der Produktion nicht auf ein Wachstum des Einsatzes der Produktionsfaktoren (in der Regel Arbeit und Kapital) zur\u00FCckgef\u00FChrt werden kann, sondern sozusagen als unerkl\u00E4rter Rest \u00FCbrig bleibt. Es bietet sich an, als Ursache f\u00FCr diesen Teil des Wachstums des Produktionsergebnisses den technischen Fortschritt anzunehmen."@de . . . . . . . "Die Totale Faktorproduktivit\u00E4t ist als volkswirtschaftliche Kennzahl ein Ma\u00DF f\u00FCr die Produktivit\u00E4t. Sie gibt an, welcher Teil des Wachstums der Produktion nicht auf ein Wachstum des Einsatzes der Produktionsfaktoren (in der Regel Arbeit und Kapital) zur\u00FCckgef\u00FChrt werden kann, sondern sozusagen als unerkl\u00E4rter Rest \u00FCbrig bleibt. Es bietet sich an, als Ursache f\u00FCr diesen Teil des Wachstums des Produktionsergebnisses den technischen Fortschritt anzunehmen."@de . . . . "Totale Faktorproduktivit\u00E4t"@de . . . . . . . "La productivit\u00E9 globale des facteurs (ou productivit\u00E9 totale des facteurs) d\u00E9signe la part de la croissance \u00E9conomique qui n'est pas expliqu\u00E9e par l'accroissement des facteurs de production que sont le facteur capital et le facteur travail. Si le calcul de la croissance \u00E9conomique montre qu'elle a \u00E9t\u00E9 sup\u00E9rieure \u00E0 l'accroissement du travail et du capital, cela signifie que le travail et le capital ont \u00E9t\u00E9 utilis\u00E9s de mani\u00E8re plus efficaces (plus productives) : ce r\u00E9sidu est appel\u00E9 \u00AB productivit\u00E9 globale des facteurs \u00BB."@fr . . . . "11562"^^ . "1900879"^^ . "\u041E\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044F \u0444\u0430\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043D\u0430\u044F \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. total factor productivity) \u2014 \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u043D\u044F\u0442\u0438\u0435, \u043E\u0431\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043A\u0443\u043F\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0444\u0430\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0432, \u0432\u043B\u0438\u044F\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043D\u0430 \u0432\u044B\u043F\u0443\u0441\u043A \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0443\u043A\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043A\u0430\u043F\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0430. \u041E\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044F \u0444\u0430\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043D\u0430\u044F \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C \u043C\u043E\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u043A\u0430\u043A \u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043B\u043E \u0434\u043E\u043B\u0433\u043E\u0441\u0440\u043E\u0447\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043D\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043D\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043A\u0438."@ru . . "\u041E\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044F \u0444\u0430\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043D\u0430\u044F \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. total factor productivity) \u2014 \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u043D\u044F\u0442\u0438\u0435, \u043E\u0431\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043A\u0443\u043F\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0444\u0430\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0432, \u0432\u043B\u0438\u044F\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043D\u0430 \u0432\u044B\u043F\u0443\u0441\u043A \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0443\u043A\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043A\u0430\u043F\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0430. \u041E\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044F \u0444\u0430\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043D\u0430\u044F \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C \u043C\u043E\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u043A\u0430\u043A \u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043B\u043E \u0434\u043E\u043B\u0433\u043E\u0441\u0440\u043E\u0447\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043D\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043D\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043A\u0438."@ru . "In economia la Total Factor Productivity (TFP) o produttivit\u00E0 totale dei fattori \u00E8 definibile come la parte residua di output eccedente gli input di lavoro e capitale. La TFP misura, generalmente, il grado di efficienza economica e viene calcolata sottraendo il tasso di crescita del lavoro e del capitale rispetto all'output."@it . . "\u5168\u8981\u7D20\u751F\u4EA7\u7387"@zh . "Total factor productivity"@en . "\u5168\u8981\u7D20\u751F\u4EA7\u7387\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1ATotal factor productivity\uFF0C\u4E5F\u88AB\u79F0\u4E3A\u603B\u8981\u7D20\u751F\u4EA7\u7387\uFF09\u662F\u6307\u4E0D\u5305\u62EC\u8D44\u672C\u548C\u52B3\u52A8\u529B\u7B49\u5916\u4F86\u8F93\u5165\uFF0C\u5176\u4ED6\u6240\u6709\u5F71\u54CD\u4EA7\u51FA\u7684\u8981\u7D20\uFF0C\u8B1B\u767D\u4E00\u9EDE\u5C31\u662F\u4E00\u500B\u7D93\u6FDF\u9AD4\u672C\u8EAB\u5BE6\u529B\u7684\u9032\u6B65\uFF0C\u5B83\u7684\u7279\u8272\u662F\u80FD\u5920\u901A\u904E\u4E00\u500B\u7C21\u55AE\u7684\u6578\u64DA\u8AAA\u660E\u7D93\u6FDF\u589E\u9577\u7684\u56E0\u7D20\u3002 \u5728Cobb\u2013Douglas\u51FD\u6578\u4E2D\uFF0CQ = AL\u03B1K\u03B2\uFF0C\u5168\u8981\u7D20\u751F\u4EA7\u7387\u4EE5A\u8868\u793A\u3002\u901A\u5E38\u53EB\u505A\u6280\u672F\u8FDB\u6B65\u7387\uFF0C\u7CFB\u65B0\u53E4\u5178\u7ECF\u6D4E\u589E\u957F\u6A21\u578B\u4E2D\u7528\u6765\u8861\u91CF\u7EAF\u6280\u672F\u8FDB\u6B65\u5728\u751F\u4EA7\u4E2D\u7684\u4F5C\u7528\u7684\u6307\u6807\u7684\u53C8\u4E00\u540D\u79F0\uFF0C\u5B83\u7531\u7F57\u4F2F\u7279\u00B7\u7D22\u6D1B\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1ARobert Merton Solow\uFF09\u63D0\u51FA\u3002\u6240\u8C13\u7EAF\u6280\u672F\u8FDB\u6B65\u5305\u62EC\u77E5\u8BC6\u3001\u6559\u80B2\u3001\u6280\u672F\u57F9\u8BAD\u3001\u89C4\u6A21\u7ECF\u6D4E\u3001\u7EC4\u7EC7\u7BA1\u7406\u7B49\u65B9\u9762\u7684\u6539\u5584\uFF0C\u4F46\u8FD8\u4E0D\u80FD\u5177\u4F53\u5316\u4E3A\uFF0C\u6216\u4E0D\u80FD\u5F52\u56E0\u4E8E\uFF0C\u6709\u5F62\u7684\u6548\u7387\u66F4\u9AD8\u7684\u8D44\u672C\u8BBE\u5907\u3001\u6280\u5DE7\u66F4\u9AD8\u7684\u52B3\u52A8\u3001\u80A5\u6548\u66F4\u5927\u7684\u571F\u5730\u7B49\u751F\u4EA7\u8981\u7D20\u7684\u589E\u52A0\u6295\u5165\u91CF\uFF0C\u6240\u4EE5\u53C8\u79F0\u4E3A\u975E\u5177\u4F53\u5316\u7684\u6280\u672F\u8FDB\u6B65\uFF0C\u4E5F\u88AB\u6BD4\u4F5C\u5929\u964D\u9985\u997C\u3002\u56E0\u6B64\uFF0C\u5168\u8981\u7D20\u751F\u4EA7\u7387\u662F\u6307\u5168\u90E8\u751F\u4EA7\u8981\u7D20\uFF08\u5305\u62EC\u8D44\u672C\u3001\u52B3\u52A8\u3001\u571F\u5730\uFF0C\u4F46\u901A\u5E38\u5206\u6790\u65F6\u90FD\u7565\u53BB\u571F\u5730\u4E0D\u8BA1\uFF09\u7684\u6295\u5165\u91CF\u90FD\u4E0D\u53D8\u65F6\uFF0C\u800C\u751F\u4EA7\u91CF\u4ECD\u80FD\u589E\u52A0\u7684\u90E8\u5206\u3002 \u5168\u8981\u7D20\u751F\u4EA7\u7387\u5E76\u975E\u6240\u6709\u8981\u7D20\u7684\u751F\u4EA7\u7387\uFF0C\u201C\u5168\u201D\u7684\u610F\u601D\u662F\u7ECF\u6D4E\u589E\u957F\u4E2D\u4E0D\u80FD\u5206\u522B\u5F52\u56E0\u4E8E\u6709\u5173\u7684\u6709\u5F62\u751F\u4EA7\u8981\u7D20\u7684\u589E\u957F\u7684\u90A3\u90E8\u5206\uFF0C\u56E0\u800C\u5168\u8981\u7D20\u751F\u4EA7\u7387\u53EA\u80FD\u7528\u6765\u8861\u91CF\u9664\u53BB\u6240\u6709\u6709\u5F62\u751F\u4EA7\u8981\u7D20\u4EE5\u5916\u7684\u7EAF\u6280\u672F\u8FDB\u6B65\u7684\u751F\u4EA7\u7387\u7684\u589E\u957F\u3002"@zh . . . "Productividad total de los factores"@es . "Total factor productivity"@it . . . . .