. . . . . . "Urban consolidation describes the policy of constraining further development and population growth to within the boundaries of preexisting urban areas rather than expanding outward into suburban areas. Urban consolidation seeks to increase the population density of a given urban area by expanding upward, redeveloping preexisting buildings and lots, and constructing new facilities in available spaces. It is theorized that discouraging urban sprawl and encouraging further development of housing units in preexisting urban areas will lead to a net gain in social and economic prosperity (e.g. more accessible public transportation, more efficient use of public utilities, and increased affordability of housing). A major feature of modern urban consolidation practices is the incorporation of urban green space and open space areas. In higher density environments, incorporating natural settings into the landscape design can have positive impacts, such as increased happiness, decreased stress, and a reduction in maintenance costs. There are broadly three kinds of urban consolidation: Market-led consolidation of existing residential areas involves residential redevelopment of established dwellings as well as non-residential land and buildings at higher densities than the metropolitan average. Transit-oriented development involves high-density residential and mixed-use buildings within walkable precincts around public transport nodes, often referred to as activity centres. The third approach is to require that all new development on the urban fringe of existing metropolitan areas is at higher densities than the current average for those cities."@en . . . . . . "F\u00F6rt\u00E4tning (stadsplanering)"@sv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "F\u00F6rt\u00E4tning \u00E4r ett begrepp inom stadsplanering, som syftar p\u00E5 n\u00E5gon typ av nyproduktion av byggnader inom befintlig bebyggelse. Motsatsen till f\u00F6rt\u00E4tning \u00E4r stadsutglesning. Nyproduktion av byggnader kan r\u00F6ra olika typer av bebyggelse, s\u00E5som bost\u00E4der, butiker och kontor. F\u00F6rt\u00E4tningen kan \u00E4ven ske p\u00E5 olika typer av markyta. F\u00F6rekommande exempel \u00E4r att bebygga gr\u00F6nomr\u00E5den, industrimark, parkeringsplatser eller att bygga till fler v\u00E5ningar p\u00E5 redan existerande hus; det sistn\u00E4mnda kallas \u00E4ven f\u00F6r vertikal f\u00F6rt\u00E4tning. F\u00F6rt\u00E4tning sker p\u00E5 olika niv\u00E5er av planering: enskilda byggnader, kvarter, stadsdelar, mellan stadsdelar, orter, st\u00E4der, l\u00E4nder eller regioner."@sv . . "Nachverdichtung (St\u00E4dtebau)"@de . . . . . "8180"^^ . "Densification urbaine"@fr . . . . . . "\u57CE\u5E02\u6574\u5408\uFF08\u4E5F\u79F0\u57CE\u5E02\u96C6\u7EA6\uFF0CUrban consolidation\uFF09\uFF0C\u662F\u6307\u4E00\u7EC4\u4E0D\u540C\u7684\u89C4\u5212\u653F\u7B56\uFF0C\u65E8\u5728\u66F4\u597D\u5730\u5229\u7528\u73B0\u6709\u7684\u57CE\u5E02\u57FA\u7840\u8BBE\u65BD\uFF0C\u9F13\u52B1\u53D1\u5C55\u73B0\u6709\u7684\u57CE\u5E02\u5316\u533A\u57DF\uFF08\u6240\u8C13\u7684\u201C\u68D5\u8272\u5730\u5757\u201D\uFF09\u800C\u975E\u672A\u57CE\u5E02\u5316\u571F\u5730\uFF08\u53C8\u540D\uFF09\uFF0C\u4ECE\u800C\u9650\u5236\u57CE\u5E02\u8513\u5EF6\u3002\u5728\u57CE\u5E02\u73B0\u6709\u7684\u5730\u533A\u5EFA\u8BBE\u9AD8\u5BC6\u5EA6\u4F4F\u5B85\uFF0C\u4EE5\u589E\u52A0\u4EBA\u53E3\u5BC6\u5EA6\u3002\u57CE\u5E02\u6574\u5408\u6D89\u53CA\u5230\u589E\u52A0\u5728\u73B0\u6709\u5730\u533A\u7684\u623F\u5C4B\u6216\u5355\u4F4D\u7684\u6570\u91CF\uFF0C\u4ECE\u800C\u80FD\u66F4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4F7F\u7528\u793E\u533A\u670D\u52A1\uFF0C\u5E76\u51CF\u5C11\u5BF9\u73AF\u5883\u7684\u6574\u4F53\u5F71\u54CD\u3002\u57CE\u5E02\u6574\u5408\u4F5C\u4E3A\u4E00\u79CD\u624B\u6BB5\uFF0C\u53EF\u4EE5\u51CF\u5C11\u56E0\u4EBA\u53E3\u603B\u91CF\u589E\u52A0\u800C\u4EA7\u751F\u7684\u571F\u5730\u4F4F\u623F\u9700\u6C42\u3002 \u5927\u4F53\u4E0A\u6709\u4E09\u79CD\u7C7B\u578B\u7684\u57CE\u5E02\u6574\u5408\uFF1A\u5E02\u573A\u4E3A\u4E3B\u5BFC\u7684\u6574\u5408\uFF0C\u6D89\u53CA\u5EFA\u7ACB\u6C11\u5C45\u6539\u9020\u4EE5\u53CA\u975E\u4F4F\u5B85\u7528\u5730\uFF0C\u5EFA\u7B51\u6BD4\u5927\u57CE\u5E02\u5316\u66F4\u9AD8\u7684\u5E73\u5747\u5BC6\u5EA6\u3002\u516C\u5171\u4EA4\u901A\u5BFC\u5411\u53D1\u5C55\uFF08\u6216TOD\uFF09\u6D89\u53CA\u9AD8\u5BC6\u5EA6\u4F4F\u5B85\u548C\u6DF7\u5408\u7528\u9014\u5EFA\u7B51\u5728\u6B65\u884C\u533A\u5468\u56F4\u7684\u516C\u5171\u4EA4\u901A\u8282\u70B9\u6574\u6539\uFF0C\u540E\u8005\u901A\u79F0\u4E3A\u3002\u7B2C\u4E09\u79CD\u65B9\u6CD5\uFF0C\u662F\u5C06\u65B0\u8FDB\u5C55\u7684\u90FD\u5E02\u533A\u7684\u57CE\u5E02\u8FB9\u7F18\u533A\u63D0\u9AD8\u5BC6\u5EA6\u8D85\u8FC7\u8FD9\u4E9B\u57CE\u5E02\u5E73\u5747\u503C\u3002"@zh . . "Urban consolidation describes the policy of constraining further development and population growth to within the boundaries of preexisting urban areas rather than expanding outward into suburban areas. Urban consolidation seeks to increase the population density of a given urban area by expanding upward, redeveloping preexisting buildings and lots, and constructing new facilities in available spaces. It is theorized that discouraging urban sprawl and encouraging further development of housing units in preexisting urban areas will lead to a net gain in social and economic prosperity (e.g. more accessible public transportation, more efficient use of public utilities, and increased affordability of housing)."@en . . . . "\u57CE\u5E02\u6574\u5408"@zh . . . "Als Nachverdichtung (selten: bauliche Nachverdichtung) oder Innenverdichtung bezeichnet man das Nutzen freistehender Fl\u00E4chen und die Erh\u00F6hung der Kubatur innerhalb bereits bestehender Bebauung. Dadurch wird der Wohnraum je verbauter Fl\u00E4che h\u00F6her, was einer Zersiedelung entgegenwirkt."@de . . . . . . "La densification urbaine consiste \u00E0 faire vivre une population plus nombreuse dans un m\u00EAme espace urbain. Par exemple, on densifie la ville en rempla\u00E7ant l'habitat individuel (petites maisons unifamiliales) par de l'habitat collectif (avec des immeubles de plusieurs appartements). \u00C0 diff\u00E9rentes \u00E9poques (\u00E9poque des grands ensembles des ann\u00E9es 1950 aux ann\u00E9es 1980, puis de l'urbanisme durable \u00E0 partir des ann\u00E9es 2000), la densification est pr\u00E9sent\u00E9e de toutes parts comme une n\u00E9cessit\u00E9, voire un progr\u00E8s limitant les co\u00FBts, l'impact \u00E9cologique, cr\u00E9ant du lien social, notamment. C'est un des enjeux majeurs de la ville durable, qui doit lutter contre l'\u00E9talement urbain. La densification, qui est parfois un pendant de la d\u00E9sertification en d'autres lieux, peut n\u00E9anmoins pr\u00E9senter des inconv\u00E9nients pour la qualit\u00E9 de vie (si le projet ne pr\u00E9serve pas l'intimit\u00E9\u2026) et surtout pour la sant\u00E9 des habitants expos\u00E9s \u00E0 une densification excessive (par exemple \u00E0 cause de la pollution \u00E0 Paris ou Grenoble le long des axes routiers). Article connexe : \u00C9talement urbain."@fr . . . . . . . "F\u00F6rt\u00E4tning \u00E4r ett begrepp inom stadsplanering, som syftar p\u00E5 n\u00E5gon typ av nyproduktion av byggnader inom befintlig bebyggelse. Motsatsen till f\u00F6rt\u00E4tning \u00E4r stadsutglesning. Nyproduktion av byggnader kan r\u00F6ra olika typer av bebyggelse, s\u00E5som bost\u00E4der, butiker och kontor. F\u00F6rt\u00E4tningen kan \u00E4ven ske p\u00E5 olika typer av markyta. F\u00F6rekommande exempel \u00E4r att bebygga gr\u00F6nomr\u00E5den, industrimark, parkeringsplatser eller att bygga till fler v\u00E5ningar p\u00E5 redan existerande hus; det sistn\u00E4mnda kallas \u00E4ven f\u00F6r vertikal f\u00F6rt\u00E4tning. F\u00F6rt\u00E4tning sker p\u00E5 olika niv\u00E5er av planering: enskilda byggnader, kvarter, stadsdelar, mellan stadsdelar, orter, st\u00E4der, l\u00E4nder eller regioner. Idag finns en debatt ang\u00E5ende f\u00F6rt\u00E4tningens f\u00F6rdelar och nackdelar, d\u00E4r det vanligaste argumentet f\u00F6r f\u00F6rt\u00E4tning \u00E4r att staden beh\u00F6ver f\u00F6rnyelse och utveckling. I \u00D6versiktsplan 1999 anv\u00E4nds begreppet \u201Dbygg staden in\u00E5t\u201D allts\u00E5 en sorts f\u00F6rt\u00E4tning. Id\u00E9n om en f\u00F6rt\u00E4tning av f\u00E4rdigbyggda stadsomr\u00E5den \u00E4r inte ny. I Stockholm \u00E5r 1980 planer p\u00E5 att \"f\u00F6rt\u00E4ta\" exempelvis Hammarbyh\u00F6jdens 1940-talsbebyggelse. I \u00D6versiktsplan 1999 f\u00F6r Stockholm kallas denna f\u00F6rt\u00E4tning \"att l\u00E5ta staden v\u00E4xa in\u00E5t\" och i \u00F6versiktsplanen Promenadstaden f\u00F6rordas f\u00F6rt\u00E4tande bebyggelsestr\u00E5k. Milj\u00F6argument f\u00F6rekommer ocks\u00E5, d\u00E5 f\u00F6rt\u00E4tning oftast inneb\u00E4r att ny bebyggelse placeras n\u00E4ra befintliga kollektivtrafikstr\u00E5k. Ett vanligt argument emot f\u00F6rt\u00E4tning \u00E4r oviljan att bebygga gr\u00F6nomr\u00E5den, vilka anses ha m\u00E5nga viktiga funktioner i samh\u00E4llet. Samtidigt kan f\u00F6rt\u00E4tning inneb\u00E4ra att man, genom att fokusera p\u00E5 redan befintliga t\u00E4torter, kan undvika stora nyexploateringar av exempelvis skogsomr\u00E5den eller \u00E5kermark. En anledning till att f\u00F6rt\u00E4tning har blivit s\u00E5 omdiskuterat \u00E4r att den ofta p\u00E5 ett p\u00E5tagligt s\u00E4tt kan f\u00F6r\u00E4ndra m\u00E4nniskors n\u00E4rmilj\u00F6, vilket engagerar m\u00E4nniskor. I \u00F6versiktsplanen Promenadstaden, i Stockholm, pekas p\u00E5 n\u00E5gra milj\u00F6m\u00E4ssiga f\u00F6rdelar med f\u00F6rt\u00E4tning, bland annat f\u00F6ruts\u00E4ttningar f\u00F6r utbyggnad av effektivare och milj\u00F6v\u00E4nligare energif\u00F6rs\u00F6rjningssystem."@sv . . . "Als Nachverdichtung (selten: bauliche Nachverdichtung) oder Innenverdichtung bezeichnet man das Nutzen freistehender Fl\u00E4chen und die Erh\u00F6hung der Kubatur innerhalb bereits bestehender Bebauung. Dadurch wird der Wohnraum je verbauter Fl\u00E4che h\u00F6her, was einer Zersiedelung entgegenwirkt."@de . . "Urban consolidation"@en . . . . "11448867"^^ . . "1065351998"^^ . "\u57CE\u5E02\u6574\u5408\uFF08\u4E5F\u79F0\u57CE\u5E02\u96C6\u7EA6\uFF0CUrban consolidation\uFF09\uFF0C\u662F\u6307\u4E00\u7EC4\u4E0D\u540C\u7684\u89C4\u5212\u653F\u7B56\uFF0C\u65E8\u5728\u66F4\u597D\u5730\u5229\u7528\u73B0\u6709\u7684\u57CE\u5E02\u57FA\u7840\u8BBE\u65BD\uFF0C\u9F13\u52B1\u53D1\u5C55\u73B0\u6709\u7684\u57CE\u5E02\u5316\u533A\u57DF\uFF08\u6240\u8C13\u7684\u201C\u68D5\u8272\u5730\u5757\u201D\uFF09\u800C\u975E\u672A\u57CE\u5E02\u5316\u571F\u5730\uFF08\u53C8\u540D\uFF09\uFF0C\u4ECE\u800C\u9650\u5236\u57CE\u5E02\u8513\u5EF6\u3002\u5728\u57CE\u5E02\u73B0\u6709\u7684\u5730\u533A\u5EFA\u8BBE\u9AD8\u5BC6\u5EA6\u4F4F\u5B85\uFF0C\u4EE5\u589E\u52A0\u4EBA\u53E3\u5BC6\u5EA6\u3002\u57CE\u5E02\u6574\u5408\u6D89\u53CA\u5230\u589E\u52A0\u5728\u73B0\u6709\u5730\u533A\u7684\u623F\u5C4B\u6216\u5355\u4F4D\u7684\u6570\u91CF\uFF0C\u4ECE\u800C\u80FD\u66F4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4F7F\u7528\u793E\u533A\u670D\u52A1\uFF0C\u5E76\u51CF\u5C11\u5BF9\u73AF\u5883\u7684\u6574\u4F53\u5F71\u54CD\u3002\u57CE\u5E02\u6574\u5408\u4F5C\u4E3A\u4E00\u79CD\u624B\u6BB5\uFF0C\u53EF\u4EE5\u51CF\u5C11\u56E0\u4EBA\u53E3\u603B\u91CF\u589E\u52A0\u800C\u4EA7\u751F\u7684\u571F\u5730\u4F4F\u623F\u9700\u6C42\u3002 \u5927\u4F53\u4E0A\u6709\u4E09\u79CD\u7C7B\u578B\u7684\u57CE\u5E02\u6574\u5408\uFF1A\u5E02\u573A\u4E3A\u4E3B\u5BFC\u7684\u6574\u5408\uFF0C\u6D89\u53CA\u5EFA\u7ACB\u6C11\u5C45\u6539\u9020\u4EE5\u53CA\u975E\u4F4F\u5B85\u7528\u5730\uFF0C\u5EFA\u7B51\u6BD4\u5927\u57CE\u5E02\u5316\u66F4\u9AD8\u7684\u5E73\u5747\u5BC6\u5EA6\u3002\u516C\u5171\u4EA4\u901A\u5BFC\u5411\u53D1\u5C55\uFF08\u6216TOD\uFF09\u6D89\u53CA\u9AD8\u5BC6\u5EA6\u4F4F\u5B85\u548C\u6DF7\u5408\u7528\u9014\u5EFA\u7B51\u5728\u6B65\u884C\u533A\u5468\u56F4\u7684\u516C\u5171\u4EA4\u901A\u8282\u70B9\u6574\u6539\uFF0C\u540E\u8005\u901A\u79F0\u4E3A\u3002\u7B2C\u4E09\u79CD\u65B9\u6CD5\uFF0C\u662F\u5C06\u65B0\u8FDB\u5C55\u7684\u90FD\u5E02\u533A\u7684\u57CE\u5E02\u8FB9\u7F18\u533A\u63D0\u9AD8\u5BC6\u5EA6\u8D85\u8FC7\u8FD9\u4E9B\u57CE\u5E02\u5E73\u5747\u503C\u3002"@zh . . . . "La densification urbaine consiste \u00E0 faire vivre une population plus nombreuse dans un m\u00EAme espace urbain. Par exemple, on densifie la ville en rempla\u00E7ant l'habitat individuel (petites maisons unifamiliales) par de l'habitat collectif (avec des immeubles de plusieurs appartements). Article connexe : \u00C9talement urbain."@fr . .