. . . . . . . . . . . . . "Walter Elsasser"@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Walter Maurice Elsasser"@ca . . . . . "Walter Maurice Elsasser (Mannheim, Alemania, 1904ko martxoaren 20a - Baltimore, AEB, 1991ko urriaren 14a) Alemanian jaiotako Estatu Batuetako fisikaria izan zen."@eu . . "Nobel laureates"@en . "Walter Maurice Elsasser (* 20. M\u00E4rz 1904 in Mannheim; \u2020 14. Oktober 1991 in Baltimore, Maryland, USA) war ein deutsch-amerikanischer Physiker. Elsasser studierte in Heidelberg (Philipp Lenard), M\u00FCnchen (Werner Heisenberg) und G\u00F6ttingen (James Franck und Max Born, bei dem er 1927 auch mit einer Arbeit \u00FCber die Elektronenstreuung an einem Wasserstoffatom promovierte). Elsasser gilt als Vater der Theorie des Geodynamos, die er 1939 ver\u00F6ffentlichte. Hierin postulierte er, dass das Erdmagnetfeld durch Wirbelstr\u00F6me innerhalb des fl\u00FCssigen Erdkerns aufrechterhalten wird."@de . "1904-03-20"^^ . "Walter Maurice Elsasser (Mannheim, 20 de mar\u00E7o de 1904 \u2014 Baltimore, 14 de outubro de 1991) foi um f\u00EDsico alem\u00E3o naturalizado estadunidense. \u00C9 considerado um \"pai\" da teoria do d\u00EDnamo, atualmente aceita como explica\u00E7\u00E3o do magnetismo terrestre."@pt . "William Bowie Medal"@en . . . . . . "Walter Maurice Elsasser, n\u00E9 le 20 mars 1904 \u00E0 Mannheim et mort le 14 octobre 1991 \u00E0 Baltimore, est un physicien allemand."@fr . . "Walter Maurice Elsasser (Mannheim, Alemanya, 20 mar\u00E7 1904 - Baltimore, Maryland, EUA, 14 octubre 1991, fou un f\u00EDsic alemany nacionalitzat estatunidenc, que realitz\u00E0 importants aportacions en els camps de la mec\u00E0nica qu\u00E0ntica, geomagnetisme, sismologia, din\u00E0mica atmosf\u00E8rica i biof\u00EDsica."@ca . . . . . . "Walter Maurice Elsasser, n\u00E9 le 20 mars 1904 \u00E0 Mannheim et mort le 14 octobre 1991 \u00E0 Baltimore, est un physicien allemand."@fr . . . . "\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0631 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629: Walter Elsasser)\u200F (\u0648. 1904 \u2013 1991 \u0645) \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0627\u0626\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0623\u0633\u062A\u0627\u0630 \u062C\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064A \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0627\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0644\u062F \u0641\u064A \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064A\u0645\u060C \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064B\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062F\u064A\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060C \u062A\u0648\u0641\u064A \u0641\u064A \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A\u0645\u0648\u0631\u060C \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u064A\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0632 87 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064B."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Walter Maurice Elsasser (Mannheim, 20 marzo 1904 \u2013 Baltimora, 14 ottobre 1991) \u00E8 stato un fisico e biologo tedesco, considerato il padre della teoria geodinamica."@it . . . . . . "1904-03-20"^^ . . . "150"^^ . . "Walter Elsasser"@pt . . . . . . . . "Walter Maurice Elsasser (Mannheim, 20 de mar\u00E7o de 1904 \u2014 Baltimore, 14 de outubro de 1991) foi um f\u00EDsico alem\u00E3o naturalizado estadunidense. \u00C9 considerado um \"pai\" da teoria do d\u00EDnamo, atualmente aceita como explica\u00E7\u00E3o do magnetismo terrestre."@pt . . . . . "Arthur L. Day Medal"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Walter M. Elsasser"@en . . . . "\u30A6\u30A9\u30EB\u30BF\u30FC\u30FB\u30A8\u30EB\u30B5\u30C3\u30B5\u30FC\uFF08Walter Maurice Elsasser\u30011904\u5E743\u670820\u65E5-1991\u5E7410\u670814\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30DE\u30F3\u30CF\u30A4\u30E0\u51FA\u8EAB\u306E\u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u7CFB\u30E6\u30C0\u30E4\u4EBA\u306E\u7269\u7406\u5B66\u8005\u3067\u3001\u300C\u30C0\u30A4\u30CA\u30E2\u7406\u8AD6\u306E\u7236\u300D\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u3002 \u30C0\u30A4\u30CA\u30E2\u7406\u8AD6\u3067\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3088\u3046\u306B\u306A\u308B\u305A\u3063\u3068\u524D\u306E\u30B2\u30C3\u30C6\u30A3\u30F3\u30B2\u30F3\u306B\u3044\u305F1920\u5E74\u4EE3\u306B\u3001\u5F7C\u306F\u96FB\u5B50\u306E\u6CE2\u52D5\u6027\u3092\u691C\u8A3C\u3059\u308B\u5B9F\u9A13\u3092\u63D0\u6848\u3057\u305F\u3002\u3053\u306E\u63D0\u6848\u306F\u5F8C\u306B\u540C\u50DA\u306E\u30DE\u30C3\u30AF\u30B9\u30FB\u30DC\u30EB\u30F3\u3092\u901A\u3057\u3066\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u306E\u7269\u7406\u5B66\u8005\u306B\u4F1D\u3048\u3089\u308C\u305F\u3002\u3053\u308C\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u306E\u7D50\u679C\u3092\u8AAC\u660E\u3057\u3001\u30B8\u30E7\u30FC\u30B8\u30FB\u30D1\u30B8\u30A7\u30C3\u30C8\u30FB\u30C8\u30E0\u30BD\u30F3\u306F\u5F8C\u306B\u30CE\u30FC\u30D9\u30EB\u7269\u7406\u5B66\u8CDE\u3092\u53D7\u8CDE\u3057\u305F\u3002 \u30E6\u30C0\u30E4\u7CFB\u306E\u305F\u3081\u306B\u30CA\u30C1\u30B9\u306B\u8FFD\u308F\u308C\u3066\u3001\u30D1\u30EA\u3067\u50CD\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305F\uFF08\u5F8C\u306B\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u5408\u8846\u56FD\u306B\u79FB\u4F4F\uFF09\u3002 1935\u5E74\u306B\u306F\u3001\u30A8\u30EB\u30B5\u30C3\u30B5\u30FC\u306F\u653E\u5C04\u6027\u91CD\u5143\u7D20\u6838\u4E2D\u306E\u967D\u5B50\u3068\u4E2D\u6027\u5B50\u306E\u7D50\u5408\u30A8\u30CD\u30EB\u30AE\u30FC\u3092\u8A08\u7B97\u3057\u305F\u3002\u30A8\u30EB\u30B5\u30C3\u30B5\u30FC\u304C\u6700\u521D\u306B\u8003\u6848\u3057\u305F\u3053\u306E\u516C\u5F0F\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305F\u7814\u7A76\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u30E6\u30FC\u30B8\u30F3\u30FB\u30A6\u30A3\u30B0\u30CA\u30FC\u3001\u30DE\u30EA\u30A2\u30FB\u30B2\u30C3\u30D1\u30FC\u30C8\u30FB\u30E1\u30A4\u30E4\u30FC\u3001\u30E8\u30CF\u30CD\u30B9\u30FB\u30CF\u30F3\u30B9\u30FB\u30A4\u30A7\u30F3\u30BC\u30F3\u306E3\u4EBA\u306F1963\u5E74\u5EA6\u306E\u30CE\u30FC\u30D9\u30EB\u7269\u7406\u5B66\u8CDE\u3092\u53D7\u8CDE\u3057\u305F\u3002\u30A8\u30EB\u30B5\u30C3\u30B5\u30FC\u306F\u81EA\u8EAB\u306F\u30012\u5EA6\u30CE\u30FC\u30D9\u30EB\u8CDE\u306B\u30CE\u30DF\u30CD\u30FC\u30C8\u3055\u308C\u305F\u304C\u3001\u53D7\u8CDE\u306F\u306A\u3089\u306A\u304B\u3063\u305F\u3002 1946\u5E74\u304B\u30891947\u5E74\u306B\u304B\u3051\u3066\u3001\u30A8\u30EB\u30B5\u30C3\u30B5\u30FC\u306F\u3001\u306F\u5730\u7403\u306E\u96FB\u78C1\u5834\u306F\u306E\u6E26\u96FB\u6D41\u306B\u7531\u6765\u3059\u308B\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7406\u8AD6\u306E\u6982\u7565\u3092\u793A\u3057\u305F\u8AD6\u6587\u3092\u516C\u8868\u3057\u305F\u3002\u3053\u306E\u7406\u8AD6\u306F\u3001\u6226\u4E2D\u306E1941\u5E74\u9803\u306BUS Signal Corps\u3067\u50CD\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305F\u4F59\u6687\u306E\u6642\u9593\u306B\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u305F\u7406\u8AD6\u3092\u767A\u5C55\u3055\u305B\u305F\u3082\u306E\u3060\u3063\u305F\u3002 \u6669\u5E74\u306F\u3001\u4ECA\u65E5\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0\u751F\u7269\u5B66\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u3088\u3046\u306B\u306A\u3063\u305F\u5B66\u554F\u306B\u8208\u5473\u3092\u6301\u3061\u3001Journal of Theoretical Biology\u8A8C\u306B\u4E00\u9023\u306E\u8AD6\u6587\u3092\u6295\u7A3F\u3057\u305F\u3002\u3053\u306E\u5206\u91CE\u306B\u95A2\u3059\u308B\u30A8\u30EB\u30B5\u30C3\u30B5\u30FC\u306E\u6700\u7D42\u7684\u306A\u898B\u89E3\u306F\u30011987\u5E74\u53CA\u3073\u6B7B\u5F8C\u306E1998\u5E74\u306B\u51FA\u7248\u3055\u308C\u305F\u8457\u66F8Reflections on a Theory of Organisms\u304B\u3089\u898B\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u3067\u304D\u308B\u30021991\u5E74\u306B\u30E1\u30EA\u30FC\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\u5DDE\u30DC\u30EB\u30C1\u30E2\u30A2\u3067\u6B7B\u53BB\u3057\u305F\u3002"@ja . . . . . . "Elsasser in 1989."@en . . "Walter Elsasser"@de . . . . . . . "Walter Maurice Elsasser"@en . . "\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0631"@ar . . . "Walter M. Elsasser"@fr . . . . . "14784"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "--10-14"^^ . "Walter M. Elsasser"@eu . . . . . . . . "Walter Maurice Elsasser (March 20, 1904 \u2013 October 14, 1991) was a German-born American physicist, a developer of the presently accepted dynamo theory as an explanation of the Earth's magnetism. He proposed that this magnetic field resulted from electric currents induced in the fluid outer core of the Earth. He revealed the history of the Earth's magnetic field by the study of the magnetic orientation of minerals in rocks. He was also the first to suggest that the wave-like nature of matter might be investigated by electron scattering experiments using crystalline solids. The Olin Hall at the Johns Hopkins University has a Walter Elsasser Memorial in the lobby."@en . . "Walter Maurice Elsasser (Mannheim, Alemania, 1904ko martxoaren 20a - Baltimore, AEB, 1991ko urriaren 14a) Alemanian jaiotako Estatu Batuetako fisikaria izan zen."@eu . . . . . "Walter Maurice Elsasser (Mannheim, Alemanya, 20 mar\u00E7 1904 - Baltimore, Maryland, EUA, 14 octubre 1991, fou un f\u00EDsic alemany nacionalitzat estatunidenc, que realitz\u00E0 importants aportacions en els camps de la mec\u00E0nica qu\u00E0ntica, geomagnetisme, sismologia, din\u00E0mica atmosf\u00E8rica i biof\u00EDsica."@ca . . . . . "\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0631 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629: Walter Elsasser)\u200F (\u0648. 1904 \u2013 1991 \u0645) \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0627\u0626\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0623\u0633\u062A\u0627\u0630 \u062C\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064A \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0627\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0644\u062F \u0641\u064A \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064A\u0645\u060C \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064B\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062F\u064A\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060C \u062A\u0648\u0641\u064A \u0641\u064A \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A\u0645\u0648\u0631\u060C \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u064A\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0632 87 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064B."@ar . . "1107724441"^^ . . "\u30A6\u30A9\u30EB\u30BF\u30FC\u30FB\u30A8\u30EB\u30B5\u30C3\u30B5\u30FC"@ja . . "Walter Maurice Elsasser (Mannheim, 20 marzo 1904 \u2013 Baltimora, 14 ottobre 1991) \u00E8 stato un fisico e biologo tedesco, considerato il padre della teoria geodinamica."@it . . "Walter Maurice Elsasser (* 20. M\u00E4rz 1904 in Mannheim; \u2020 14. Oktober 1991 in Baltimore, Maryland, USA) war ein deutsch-amerikanischer Physiker. Elsasser studierte in Heidelberg (Philipp Lenard), M\u00FCnchen (Werner Heisenberg) und G\u00F6ttingen (James Franck und Max Born, bei dem er 1927 auch mit einer Arbeit \u00FCber die Elektronenstreuung an einem Wasserstoffatom promovierte). Elsasser arbeitete anschlie\u00DFend 1927 ein Semester als Assistent von Paul Ehrenfest an der Universit\u00E4t Leiden. Die Zusammenarbeit gestaltete sich jedoch wegen der psychischen Probleme Ehrenfests derma\u00DFen schwierig, dass er sich bald wieder nach der Schweiz (1928 Assistent an der ETH Z\u00FCrich) und Deutschland zur\u00FCckzog, wo er bei Max von Laue arbeitete. 1928 bis 1930 war er Assistent an der TH Berlin. 1929 wurde er als technischer Assistent an das neu errichtete Physikalische Institut nach Charkow eingeladen, musste jedoch nach einem halben Jahr wegen einer Hepatitis wieder nach Deutschland zur\u00FCckkehren. 1930 bis 1933 war er an der Universit\u00E4t Frankfurt am Main und 1933 bis 1936 in Paris am Institut Henri Poincar\u00E9. 1936 ging Elsasser in die USA ans Caltech, da ein weiteres Arbeiten in Deutschland wegen seiner j\u00FCdischen Abstammung nicht mehr m\u00F6glich war. Er befasste sich dort mit Meteorologie und war 1941 am Meteorologischen Observatorium der Harvard University. Im Zweiten Weltkrieg war er ab 1942 an den Laboratorien des US Army Signal Corps in Fort Monmouth. Nach dem Krieg war er an den Laboratorien der RCA. 1947 wurde er Associate Professor f\u00FCr Physik an der University of Pennsylvania und 1950 Professor an der University of Utah. 1956 wurde er Professor am Scripps Institute of Oceanography, 1960 an der University of California, San Diego und 1962 Professor f\u00FCr Geophysik an der Princeton University. 1968 wurde er Forschungsprofessor f\u00FCr Geophysik an der University of Maryland am Institut f\u00FCr Hydrodynamik und Angewandte Mathematik und 1975 Adjunct Professor f\u00FCr Geophysik an der Johns Hopkins University, was er bis zu seinem Tod blieb. Elsasser gilt als Vater der Theorie des Geodynamos, die er 1939 ver\u00F6ffentlichte. Hierin postulierte er, dass das Erdmagnetfeld durch Wirbelstr\u00F6me innerhalb des fl\u00FCssigen Erdkerns aufrechterhalten wird. Er arbeitete lange Zeit auch an biologischen Problemen und f\u00F6rderte das Verst\u00E4ndnis f\u00FCr den Zusammenhang von Leben und Materie. Seit 1957 war er Mitglied der National Academy of Sciences und seit 1973 der American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 1987 erhielt er die National Medal of Science."@de . . . . . . . "2169417"^^ . . "\u30A6\u30A9\u30EB\u30BF\u30FC\u30FB\u30A8\u30EB\u30B5\u30C3\u30B5\u30FC\uFF08Walter Maurice Elsasser\u30011904\u5E743\u670820\u65E5-1991\u5E7410\u670814\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30DE\u30F3\u30CF\u30A4\u30E0\u51FA\u8EAB\u306E\u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u7CFB\u30E6\u30C0\u30E4\u4EBA\u306E\u7269\u7406\u5B66\u8005\u3067\u3001\u300C\u30C0\u30A4\u30CA\u30E2\u7406\u8AD6\u306E\u7236\u300D\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u3002 \u30C0\u30A4\u30CA\u30E2\u7406\u8AD6\u3067\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3088\u3046\u306B\u306A\u308B\u305A\u3063\u3068\u524D\u306E\u30B2\u30C3\u30C6\u30A3\u30F3\u30B2\u30F3\u306B\u3044\u305F1920\u5E74\u4EE3\u306B\u3001\u5F7C\u306F\u96FB\u5B50\u306E\u6CE2\u52D5\u6027\u3092\u691C\u8A3C\u3059\u308B\u5B9F\u9A13\u3092\u63D0\u6848\u3057\u305F\u3002\u3053\u306E\u63D0\u6848\u306F\u5F8C\u306B\u540C\u50DA\u306E\u30DE\u30C3\u30AF\u30B9\u30FB\u30DC\u30EB\u30F3\u3092\u901A\u3057\u3066\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u306E\u7269\u7406\u5B66\u8005\u306B\u4F1D\u3048\u3089\u308C\u305F\u3002\u3053\u308C\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u306E\u7D50\u679C\u3092\u8AAC\u660E\u3057\u3001\u30B8\u30E7\u30FC\u30B8\u30FB\u30D1\u30B8\u30A7\u30C3\u30C8\u30FB\u30C8\u30E0\u30BD\u30F3\u306F\u5F8C\u306B\u30CE\u30FC\u30D9\u30EB\u7269\u7406\u5B66\u8CDE\u3092\u53D7\u8CDE\u3057\u305F\u3002 \u30E6\u30C0\u30E4\u7CFB\u306E\u305F\u3081\u306B\u30CA\u30C1\u30B9\u306B\u8FFD\u308F\u308C\u3066\u3001\u30D1\u30EA\u3067\u50CD\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305F\uFF08\u5F8C\u306B\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u5408\u8846\u56FD\u306B\u79FB\u4F4F\uFF09\u3002 1935\u5E74\u306B\u306F\u3001\u30A8\u30EB\u30B5\u30C3\u30B5\u30FC\u306F\u653E\u5C04\u6027\u91CD\u5143\u7D20\u6838\u4E2D\u306E\u967D\u5B50\u3068\u4E2D\u6027\u5B50\u306E\u7D50\u5408\u30A8\u30CD\u30EB\u30AE\u30FC\u3092\u8A08\u7B97\u3057\u305F\u3002\u30A8\u30EB\u30B5\u30C3\u30B5\u30FC\u304C\u6700\u521D\u306B\u8003\u6848\u3057\u305F\u3053\u306E\u516C\u5F0F\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305F\u7814\u7A76\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u30E6\u30FC\u30B8\u30F3\u30FB\u30A6\u30A3\u30B0\u30CA\u30FC\u3001\u30DE\u30EA\u30A2\u30FB\u30B2\u30C3\u30D1\u30FC\u30C8\u30FB\u30E1\u30A4\u30E4\u30FC\u3001\u30E8\u30CF\u30CD\u30B9\u30FB\u30CF\u30F3\u30B9\u30FB\u30A4\u30A7\u30F3\u30BC\u30F3\u306E3\u4EBA\u306F1963\u5E74\u5EA6\u306E\u30CE\u30FC\u30D9\u30EB\u7269\u7406\u5B66\u8CDE\u3092\u53D7\u8CDE\u3057\u305F\u3002\u30A8\u30EB\u30B5\u30C3\u30B5\u30FC\u306F\u81EA\u8EAB\u306F\u30012\u5EA6\u30CE\u30FC\u30D9\u30EB\u8CDE\u306B\u30CE\u30DF\u30CD\u30FC\u30C8\u3055\u308C\u305F\u304C\u3001\u53D7\u8CDE\u306F\u306A\u3089\u306A\u304B\u3063\u305F\u3002 1946\u5E74\u304B\u30891947\u5E74\u306B\u304B\u3051\u3066\u3001\u30A8\u30EB\u30B5\u30C3\u30B5\u30FC\u306F\u3001\u306F\u5730\u7403\u306E\u96FB\u78C1\u5834\u306F\u306E\u6E26\u96FB\u6D41\u306B\u7531\u6765\u3059\u308B\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7406\u8AD6\u306E\u6982\u7565\u3092\u793A\u3057\u305F\u8AD6\u6587\u3092\u516C\u8868\u3057\u305F\u3002\u3053\u306E\u7406\u8AD6\u306F\u3001\u6226\u4E2D\u306E1941\u5E74\u9803\u306BUS Signal Corps\u3067\u50CD\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305F\u4F59\u6687\u306E\u6642\u9593\u306B\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u305F\u7406\u8AD6\u3092\u767A\u5C55\u3055\u305B\u305F\u3082\u306E\u3060\u3063\u305F\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . "Walter Maurice Elsasser"@en . . . "Walter Maurice Elsasser (March 20, 1904 \u2013 October 14, 1991) was a German-born American physicist, a developer of the presently accepted dynamo theory as an explanation of the Earth's magnetism. He proposed that this magnetic field resulted from electric currents induced in the fluid outer core of the Earth. He revealed the history of the Earth's magnetic field by the study of the magnetic orientation of minerals in rocks. He was also the first to suggest that the wave-like nature of matter might be investigated by electron scattering experiments using crystalline solids."@en . "National Medal of Science"@en . . . . . . .