. . . "Dewan pekerja adalah bentuk organisasi ekonomi dan politik di mana suatu divisi administrasi lokal, seperti daerah atau distrik yang diperintah oleh dewan yang terdiri dari delegasi sementara dan dapat langsung diganti, yang dipilih di tempat kerja daerah tersebut. Variasinya yang lain yaitu dewan tentara, ketika delegasinya dipilih dari tentara (pemberontak). Campuran dari pekerja dan tentara juga eksis (seperti Arbeiter- und Soldatenrat di Jerman pada 1918). Di dalam sistem dengan delegasi sementara dan dapat langsung diganti, pekerja menentukan agenda dan kebutuhan mereka. Mereka juga memberi kepada delegasi sementara tersebut untuk mengumumkan dan mewujudkannya. Delegasi temporer ini dipilih di antara pekerja itu sendiri, dapat langsung diganti jika mengkhianati mandatnya, dan seharusnya sering diganti. Delegasi bertindak sebagai penyampai pesan, membawa dan saling menukarkan niat dari kelompok-kelompok pekerja. Di lingkup yang lebih luas, sekelompok delegasi dapat secara bergiliran memilih delegasi untuk posisi yang lebih tinggi untuk mengejar mandatnya, dan seterusnya, hingga delegasi teratas menjalankan negara. Dalam sistem ini, pengambilan keputusan naik dari bawah ke atas, dari agenda pekerja itu sendiri. Tidak ada keputusan yang dikenakan dari atas, seperti yang dapat terjadi dalam kasus perebutan kekuasaan oleh lapisan birokratis yang kebal terhadap penarikan kembali yang instan."@in . . . . . . . "Consells obrers"@ca . . . . . . . . . . . . . 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"Un consejo obrero es una asamblea deliberativa de la clase trabajadora o empleados, que se proponen facilitar la autogesti\u00F3n obrera o el control obrero dentro de una empresa. A diferencia del sindicato, en un consejo obrero los trabajadores asumen el control de hecho del lugar de trabajo, en vez de negociar con los empleadores a trav\u00E9s de contratos colectivos. Son una forma de \"democracia en el lugar de trabajo\". Las caracter\u00EDsticas de un consejo obrero incluyen el fen\u00F3meno de que un lugar de trabajo, sea una f\u00E1brica, escuela o granja, est\u00E1 controlada colectivamente por los trabajadores de ese lugar. Un grupo de esos trabajadores del lugar suele actuar de administrador o gerente, a pesar de que no existe un \"gerente\" real, ya que el consejo es el que controla el lugar. El consejo opera seg\u00FAn el principio de delegados revocables. Esto significa que los delegados electos pueden ser cambiados en cualquier momento a trav\u00E9s del voto en forma de consulta. Los consejos se juntan para elegir organismos superiores para que los coordinen unos a otros. Esto significa que los consejos coordinadores no son superiores a los consejos de base, sino que al contrario ellos son formados y operados por estos. El consejo nacional debe tener delegados de cada ciudad del pa\u00EDs. Por su naturaleza, esto significa que los consejos obreros hacen a un lado los tradicionales gobiernos centralizados y en vez de eso le dan el poder directamente al pueblo. Para algunos partidarios, los consejos obreros encarnan los principios fundamentales del socialismo, tales como el control de la producci\u00F3n y la distribuci\u00F3n por parte de los trabajadores, as\u00ED como el control de los trabajadores sobre la organizaci\u00F3n pol\u00EDtica de una sociedad. Por lo que a veces se lo ha descrito como un \"socialismo desde abajo\" en contraposici\u00F3n a lo que se puede entender como \"socialismo desde arriba\" representado por la socialdemocracia[cita requerida]. De acuerdo a esta perspectiva, el socialismo desde arriba es manejado desde instancias superiores por un Estado centralizado bajo control de un aparato burocr\u00E1tico que gobierna en nombre del pueblo, la clase obrera y la revoluci\u00F3n, pero que seg\u00FAn sus cr\u00EDticos no representar\u00EDa tales intereses. Muchos marxistas apoyan un gobierno proletario basado en consejos obreros y que estos consejos deben ser usados para lograr la revoluci\u00F3n socialista, los cuales deben alcanzar el poder pol\u00EDtico mediante una revoluci\u00F3n insurreccional que destruya el poder del viejo aparato del Estado burgu\u00E9s, aunque la mayor\u00EDa de los marxistas ortodoxos piensan al contrario que la revoluci\u00F3n debe ser lograda a trav\u00E9s de la vanguardia del partido comunista (\u00FAnico) a trav\u00E9s de la acci\u00F3n en el propio gobierno (v\u00E9ase: democracia popular), bien despu\u00E9s de una insurrecci\u00F3n, o a trav\u00E9s de la victoria de una formaci\u00F3n electoral (que a menudo incluye alianzas con partidos reformistas o republicanos burgueses) en el propio aparato del Estado burgu\u00E9s, en un tipo de gobierno conocido como frentes populares."@es . . . . . . . . . "A workers' council or labor council is a form of political and economic organization in which a workplace or municipality is governed by a council made up of workers or their elected delegates. The workers within each council decide on what their agenda is and what their needs are. The council communist Pannekoek describes shop-committees and sectional assemblies as the basis for workers' management of the industrial system. A variation is a soldiers' council, where soldiers direct a mutiny. Workers and soldiers have also operated councils in conjunction (like the 1918 German Arbeiter- und Soldatenrat). Workers' councils may in turn elect delegates to central committees, such as the Congress of Soviets."@en . . . . "\u00AB\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044B\u00BB \u2014 \u043E\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043D, \u043E\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044C \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043F\u0440\u0438\u044F\u0442\u0438\u044F\u0445 \u043F\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0446\u0438\u043F\u0443 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0432 \u043E\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0447\u0438\u0445 \u0441 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u043C \u043D\u0435\u043C\u0435\u0434\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0438\u0445 \u043E\u0442\u0437\u044B\u0432\u0430."@ru . . . . . "Conseil ouvrier"@fr . . "\u5DE5\u4EBA\u59D4\u5458\u4F1A\u662F\u4E00\u79CD\u7ECF\u6D4E\u5408\u4F5C\u7EC4\u7EC7\u5F62\u5F0F\uFF0C\u662F\u6307\u5728\u4E00\u4E2A\u5355\u72EC\u7684\u4F01\u4E1A\u6216\u5DE5\u4F5C\u73AF\u5883\uFF08\u5982\u5DE5\u5382\u3001\u5B66\u6821\u6216\u519C\u573A\uFF09\u4E2D\uFF0C\u5F53\u5730\u5DE5\u4EBA\u96C6\u4F53\u7BA1\u63A7\u8FD9\u4E00\u5B9E\u4F53\u3002\u5F62\u5F0F\u7684\u6838\u5FC3\u5373\u662F\u901A\u8FC7\u4E34\u65F6\u4E14\u53EF\u968F\u65F6\u64A4\u6362\u7684\u4EE3\u8868\u7BA1\u7406\u3002\u5728\u8FD9\u62E5\u6709\u4E34\u65F6\u4EE3\u8868\u7684\u4F53\u5236\u5185\uFF0C\u5DE5\u4EBA\u4EEC\u81EA\u884C\u51B3\u5B9A\u5DE5\u4F5C\u65E5\u7A0B\u4EE5\u53CA\u5DE5\u4F5C\u9700\u6C42\u3002\u4ED6\u4EEC\u4E5F\u6388\u6743\u4E34\u65F6\u4EE3\u8868\u53D1\u5E03\u65E5\u7A0B\u548C\u7763\u4FC3\u8FFD\u8D76\u8FDB\u5EA6\u3002\u4E34\u65F6\u4EE3\u8868\u7531\u5DE5\u4EBA\u7FA4\u4F53\u9009\u4E3E\u800C\u51FA\uFF0C\u5F53\u88AB\u8BA4\u4E3A\u6709\u6096\u4E8E\u6388\u6743\u4EBA\u65F6\u53EF\u88AB\u968F\u65F6\u66FF\u6362\u3002\u4EE3\u8868\u901A\u5E38\u88AB\u89C6\u4E3A\u5E94\u968F\u65F6\u66F4\u6362\u7684\u3002\u4F53\u5236\u5185\u4E0D\u5B58\u5728\u7ECF\u7406\uFF0C\u6240\u6709\u51B3\u5B9A\u6743\u548C\u7EC4\u7EC7\u90FD\u57FA\u4E8E\u8FD9\u4E00\u6388\u6743\u7CFB\u7EDF\u3002\u8BF8\u5982\u5B89\u4E1C\u5C3C\u00B7\u6F58\u6D85\u5E93\u514B\u548C\u7F57\u838E\u00B7\u5362\u68EE\u5821\u7B49\u793E\u4F1A\u4E3B\u4E49\u8005\u90FD\u66FE\u63D0\u5021\u8FC7\u5DE5\u4EBA\u59D4\u5458\u4F1A\u5236\u5EA6\u3002 \u5728\u73B0\u4EE3\u5386\u53F2\u4E0A\uFF0C\u5DE5\u4EBA\u59D4\u5458\u4F1A\u6216\u7C7B\u4F3C\u7684\u5F62\u5F0F\u66FE\u591A\u6B21\u51FA\u73B0\u8FC7\u3002\u5C3D\u7BA1\u5B9E\u9645\u4E0A\u8BB8\u591A\u60C5\u5F62\u4E0B\uFF0C\u59D4\u5458\u4F1A\u5E76\u6CA1\u6709\u5B8C\u5168\u638C\u63E1\u6743\u529B\u4E14\u53D7\u5236\u4E8E\u79CD\u79CD\u5916\u90E8\u52BF\u529B\u3002\u6700\u65E9\u5373\u51FA\u73B0\u57281871\u5E74\u6CD5\u56FD\u7684\u5DF4\u9ECE\u516C\u793E\u3002\u968F\u540E\uFF0C\u57281905\u5E74\u548C1917\u5E74\u7684\u4FC4\u56FD\u51FA\u73B0\u8FC7\uFF0C\u4FC4\u8BED\u97F3\u8BD1\u5373\u4E3A\u201C\u82CF\u7EF4\u57C3\u201D\u3002\u5FB7\u56FD\u57281918\u5E74\u7684\u9769\u547D\u4E2D\u4E5F\u5927\u91CF\u51FA\u73B0\u5DE5\u4EBA\u59D4\u5458\u4F1A\u3002\u610F\u5927\u5229\u90FD\u7075\u57281919\u5E74\u81F31920\u5E74\uFF0C\u7231\u5C14\u5170\u57281920\u81F31921\u5E74\u671F\u95F4\uFF0C\u4E2D\u56FD\u57281926\u81F31927\u5E74\u671F\u95F4\uFF0C\u897F\u73ED\u7259\u57281936\u5E74\u897F\u73ED\u7259\u9769\u547D\u671F\u95F4\uFF0C\u5308\u7259\u5229\u57281919\u5E74\u548C1956\u5E74\uFF0C\u6CD5\u56FD\u57281968\u5E74\uFF0C\u667A\u5229\u57281973\u5E74\uFF0C\u4F0A\u6717\u57281978\u5E74\u81F31979\u5E74\u3002"@zh . . . . "Un consell obrer \u00E9s una assemblea deliberativa de la classe treballadora, que es proposa facilitar l'autogesti\u00F3 obrera o el control obrer dins d'una empresa. A difer\u00E8ncia del sindicat, en un consell obrer els treballadors assumeixen el control de fet del lloc de treball, en lloc de negociar amb els empresaris a trav\u00E9s de contractes col\u00B7lectius. S\u00F3n una forma de \"democr\u00E0cia en el lloc de treball\" o democr\u00E0cia directa."@ca . . "Ett arbetarr\u00E5d \u00E4r ett direktdemokratiskt styrande organ efter socialistiskt m\u00F6nster inom bland annat kommunismen och anarkismen. Arbetsplatsens Generalf\u00F6rsamling (storm\u00F6te) v\u00E4ljer n\u00E4r som helst avs\u00E4ttbara delegater till sitt R\u00E5d. Delegaterna har ett bundet mandat f\u00F6r att f\u00F6retr\u00E4da Generalf\u00F6rsamlingen i federationer med andra Generalf\u00F6rsamlingars R\u00E5d, regionalt och nationellt. Ett arbetarr\u00E5d kan fungera inom ramen f\u00F6r en fackf\u00F6rening men det kan ocks\u00E5 utvecklas ur en strejkkommitt\u00E9. Arbetarr\u00E5d anv\u00E4ndes bland annat i Ryssland under tiden runt revolutionen 1905 och ryska revolutionen 1917, i Tyskland 1918, vid Kronstadtupproret 1921, i vissa delar av den spanska republiken under spanska inb\u00F6rdeskriget 1936-39 och i r\u00E5dsupproret i Ungernrevolten 1956. Arbetarr\u00E5den har ocks\u00E5 i v\u00E5r tid en tendens att uppst\u00E5 spontant i revolutionstider som varande de prolet\u00E4ra demokratiska maktorganen, n\u00E5got som uppm\u00E4rksammats bland annat av franska Socialisme ou Barbarie, engelska Solidarity (Storbritannien) och svenska Folkmakt. I den nutida frihetligt socialistiska r\u00F6relsen ses arbetarr\u00E5det som en t\u00E4nkbar ekonomisk och politisk grundsten i ett framtida samh\u00E4lle. I tidningen Arbetaren 9/5 2007 kan man under rubriken \"Venezuela v\u00E4xlar upp\" l\u00E4sa om arbetarr\u00E5d och direktdemokrati i dagens Venezuela. Hugo Chavez kallar utvecklingen \"en explosion av r\u00E5dsmakt\". Arbetarr\u00E5den var grunden f\u00F6r arbetarnas sj\u00E4lvf\u00F6rvaltning i Jugoslavien. Sj\u00E4lvf\u00F6rvaltningen var ett demokratiskt system f\u00F6r arbetarstyrda f\u00F6retag. Systemet med sj\u00E4lvf\u00F6rvaltning p\u00E5 f\u00F6retagen utarbetades av Edvard Kardelj i samarbete med Josip Broz Tito. Syftet var att de som arbetade p\u00E5 f\u00F6retagen skulle ta en aktiv del i administrationen av f\u00F6retagen och \u00E5stadkomma en demokratisk styrning av ekonomin samt att komma bort fr\u00E5n en mer tungstyrd och centraliserad statlig styrning. Systemet, som inf\u00F6rdes 1950, medf\u00F6rde en uppg\u00E5ng i ekonomin. Framg\u00E5ngen berodde p\u00E5 att arbetarna p\u00E5 f\u00F6retagen hade l\u00E4ttare att f\u00F6rutse de lokala konsumenternas behov \u00E4n de mest kompetenta statliga planeringsgrupper. Sj\u00E4lvf\u00F6rvaltningen innebar att arbetarna inom till exempel ett industrif\u00F6retag genom ett demokratiskt val uts\u00E5g ett arbetarr\u00E5d som utgjorde ledningen i f\u00F6retaget. Alla som arbetade p\u00E5 f\u00F6retaget kunde v\u00E4ljas till arbetarr\u00E5den och mandattiden var tv\u00E5 \u00E5r. \u00C4ven beslut om f\u00F6rdelningen av vinsten i f\u00F6retaget, investeringar, vad som skulle produceras, priser p\u00E5 varor, arbetsf\u00F6rh\u00E5llanden med mera kunde underst\u00E4llas debatt och demokratiska majoritetsbeslut av arbetarna i f\u00F6retagen. Sj\u00E4lvf\u00F6rvaltningen f\u00F6rutsatte en decentralisering av makten \u00F6ver produktionen. Eftersom f\u00F6retagen agerade relativt sj\u00E4lvst\u00E4ndigt men \u00E4nd\u00E5 f\u00F6rs\u00F6kte uppfylla statliga fem\u00E5rsplaner verkade de i en socialistisk marknadsekonomi. F\u00F6retagen var formellt sett fortfarande \u00E4gda av samh\u00E4llet men brukandet \u00F6verl\u00E4mnades till arbetarna. Arbetarr\u00E5den och sj\u00E4lvf\u00F6rvaltningen kan bland annat h\u00E4rledas till de ryska arbetarr\u00E5den, sovjeterna, under 1920-talet i Sovjetunionen. De jugoslaviska arbetarr\u00E5den och sj\u00E4lvf\u00F6rvaltningen kom senare att framst\u00E5 som ett alternativ till den allt mer centraliserade statliga styrningen \u00F6ver produktionen i Sovjetunionen. Sj\u00E4lvf\u00F6rvaltningen inf\u00F6rdes 1950 och upph\u00F6rde i och med uppl\u00F6sningen av Socialistiska Federativa Republiken Jugoslavien 1992."@sv . . . . . "Laboristaj kaj soldataj konsilantaroj estis dum la germana Novembra Revolucio en 1918 organoj de la memadministrado en la urboj, en kiuj laboristoj kaj soldatoj levi\u011Dis, por subteni la \u0135us ekestintan parlamentan registaron kaj fini la Unuan Mondmiliton. Ilia modelo estis la sovetoj (eo: konsilantaroj) de la rusa Oktobra Revolucio, konsistis tamen plimulte el anoj de la SPD kaj USPD. La institucio de la konsilantaroj formas la plej gravan elementon de la delegito-respubliko kaj lige kun tio de la politika tendenco de la konsilantarismo."@eo . "Les conseils ouvriers, ou conseils de travailleurs sont des assembl\u00E9es d'ouvriers fonctionnant selon les principes de la d\u00E9mocratie directe et s'organisant en pouvoir insurrectionnel."@fr . . "\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044B"@ru . . "\u03A3\u03C5\u03BC\u03B2\u03BF\u03CD\u03BB\u03B9\u03BF \u03B5\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03B6\u03BF\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD"@el . . . . . . . "\u00AB\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044B\u00BB \u2014 \u043E\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043D, \u043E\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044C \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043F\u0440\u0438\u044F\u0442\u0438\u044F\u0445 \u043F\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0446\u0438\u043F\u0443 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0432 \u043E\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0447\u0438\u0445 \u0441 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u043C \u043D\u0435\u043C\u0435\u0434\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0438\u0445 \u043E\u0442\u0437\u044B\u0432\u0430."@ru . . "D\u011Blnick\u00E1 rada"@cs . . . . "Consejo obrero"@es . . . "\uB178\uB3D9\uC790\uD3C9\uC758\uD68C(\u52DE\u52D5\u8005\u8A55\u8B70\u6703, \uC601\uC5B4: worker's council, \uB3C5\uC77C\uC5B4: Arbeiten R\u00E4te \uC544\uB974\uBC14\uC774\uD150 \uB808\uD14C[*], \uB7EC\uC2DC\uC544\uC5B4: \u0420\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044B \uB77C\uBCF4\uCE58\uC608 \uC18C\uBCD8\uD2B8\uC774[*])\uB294 \uD2B9\uC815 \uC9C1\uC7A5 \uB610\uB294 \uD68C\uC0AC, \uC608\uCEE8\uB300 \uACF5\uC7A5, \uD559\uAD50, \uB18D\uC7A5, \uAE30\uC5C5, \uC740\uD589, \uC2DC\uC7A5, \uBE4C\uB529 \uB4F1\uACFC \uAC19\uC740 \uC7A5\uC18C\uC5D0\uC11C \uADF8 \uC9C1\uC7A5\uC5D0\uC11C \uC77C\uD558\uB294 \uB178\uB3D9\uC790\uB4E4\uC774 \uC9D1\uB2E8\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uC6B4\uC601\uD558\uB294, \uC784\uC2DC\uC801 \uAC00\uC5ED\uC801 \uB300\uD45C\uC704\uC784\uC744 \uC6D0\uCE59\uC73C\uB85C \uD558\uB294 \uC815\uCE58\uACBD\uC81C\uC870\uC9C1\uC774\uB2E4. \uB178\uB3D9\uC790\uD3C9\uC758\uD68C \uCCB4\uC81C \uD558\uC5D0\uC11C \uB178\uB3D9\uC790\uB4E4\uC740 \uC790\uC2E0\uB4E4\uC758 \uC758\uC81C\uAC00 \uBB34\uC5C7\uC774\uACE0 \uBB34\uC5C7\uC744 \uD544\uC694\uB85C \uD558\uB294\uC9C0\uB97C \uACB0\uC815\uD55C\uB2E4. \uC704\uC784\uB41C \uB300\uD45C\uC790\uB294 \uB178\uB3D9\uC790\uB4E4 \uC790\uC2E0\uB4E4 \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370\uC5D0\uC11C \uC120\uCD9C\uB41C\uB2E4. \uB300\uD45C\uC790\uAC00 \uADF8 \uAD8C\uD55C\uC744 \uBC30\uBC18\uD588\uC744 \uACBD\uC6B0 \uC989\uC2DC \uD1F4\uC9C4\uB420 \uC218 \uC788\uC73C\uBA70, \uADF8\uB807\uC9C0 \uC54A\uB354\uB77C\uB3C4 \uB300\uD45C\uC790\uB294 \uC790\uC8FC \uAD50\uCCB4\uB418\uB294 \uAC83\uC744 \uC0C1\uC815\uD55C\uB2E4. \uB178\uB3D9\uC790\uB4E4\uC744 \uAC10\uB3C5\uD558\uB294 \uAD00\uB9AC\uC790\uB294 \uB530\uB85C \uC5C6\uC73C\uBA70, \uBAA8\uB4E0 \uACB0\uC815\uAD8C\uD55C\uACFC \uC870\uC9C1\uC740 \uB300\uD45C\uC790 \uC2DC\uC2A4\uD15C\uC5D0 \uB2EC\uB824 \uC788\uB2E4. \uC18C\uBE44\uC5D0\uD2B8 \uC5F0\uBC29\uC758 \"\uC18C\uBE44\uC5D0\uD2B8\"\uB294 \uB7EC\uC2DC\uC544\uC5B4\uB85C \"\uD3C9\uC758\uD68C\"\uB77C\uB294 \uB73B\uC73C\uB85C, \uBCF8\uB798 \uC774\uB7EC\uD55C \uB178\uB3D9\uC790\uD3C9\uC758\uD68C\uC758 \uC77C\uC885\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB7EC\uB098 \uC18C\uB828\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uD601\uBA85\uACFC \uB0B4\uC804\uC744 \uAC70\uCE58\uBA74\uC11C \uACF5\uC0B0\uB2F9 \uAD00\uB8CC\uC81C\uAC00 \uD3C9\uC758\uD68C\uB97C \uC7A5\uC545\uD558\uAC8C \uB418\uC5C8\uACE0, \uAD6D\uD638\uC5D0 \uC774\uB984\uC744 \uC62C\uB9B0 \"\uC18C\uBE44\uC5D0\uD2B8\"\uB294 \uC815\uC791 \uC720\uBA85\uBB34\uC2E4\uD574\uC9C0\uACE0 \uB9D0\uC558\uB2E4."@ko . . "\u30EC\u30FC\u30C6"@ja . . "\uB178\uB3D9\uC790\uD3C9\uC758\uD68C"@ko . "\u30EC\u30FC\u30C6\uFF08\u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u8A9E: R\u00E4te\uFF09\u307E\u305F\u306F\u52B4\u5175\u30EC\u30FC\u30C6\uFF08\u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u8A9E: Arbeiter- und Soldatenrat\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u9769\u547D\u524D\u5F8C\u306E\u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u767A\u751F\u3057\u305F\u5175\u58EB\u3068\u52B4\u50CD\u8005\u306B\u3088\u308B\u8A55\u8B70\u4F1A\u7D44\u7E54\u3002\u30ED\u30B7\u30A2\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u300C\u30BD\u30D3\u30A8\u30C8\u300D\u3068\u540C\u7FA9\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . "D\u011Blnick\u00E1 rada byla org\u00E1nem v ran\u00E9m st\u00E1diu existence socialistick\u00FDch zem\u00ED. V SSSR se t\u011Bmto rad\u00E1m za\u010Dalo pozd\u011Bji \u0159\u00EDkat sov\u011Bty (z ru\u0161tiny), nav\u00EDc jejich \u010Dleny nebyli pouze d\u011Bln\u00EDci ze z\u00E1vod\u016F, ale i lid\u00E9 z dal\u0161\u00EDch odv\u011Btv\u00ED, nap\u0159\u00EDklad zem\u011Bd\u011Blci, voj\u00E1ci a dal\u0161\u00ED. V SFRJ pak existovaly podobn\u00E9 tzv. Rady v\u00FDrobc\u016F. Podle marxismu m\u011Bly b\u00FDt d\u011Blnick\u00E9 rady z\u00E1kladn\u00EDm kamenem tzv. diktatury proletari\u00E1ru."@cs . "Consiglio di fabbrica"@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Les conseils ouvriers, ou conseils de travailleurs sont des assembl\u00E9es d'ouvriers fonctionnant selon les principes de la d\u00E9mocratie directe et s'organisant en pouvoir insurrectionnel."@fr . . . . "Dewan pekerja"@in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Il Consiglio di fabbrica \u00E8 un organismo politico ed economico di rappresentanza eletto direttamente dai lavoratori di un'impresa, costituito da delegati temporanei e immediatamente revocabili eletti nei luoghi di lavoro delle regioni. I lavoratori decidono quali sono i propri bisogni e programmi, per poi inviare un delegato che possa divulgare e perseguire le richieste dei lavoratori. I delegati temporanei sono eletti tra i lavoratori stessi, possono essere immediatamente revocati se infrangono il loro mandato, e dovrebbero essere cambiati frequentemente. I delegati agiscono come dei messaggeri, portano e trasmettono le richieste e le intenzioni dei lavoratori."@it . "Un consell obrer \u00E9s una assemblea deliberativa de la classe treballadora, que es proposa facilitar l'autogesti\u00F3 obrera o el control obrer dins d'una empresa. A difer\u00E8ncia del sindicat, en un consell obrer els treballadors assumeixen el control de fet del lloc de treball, en lloc de negociar amb els empresaris a trav\u00E9s de contractes col\u00B7lectius. S\u00F3n una forma de \"democr\u00E0cia en el lloc de treball\" o democr\u00E0cia directa."@ca . . . "Os Conselhos Oper\u00E1rios ou Sovietes (do russo: \u0441\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0301\u0442\u044B) s\u00E3o colegiados, ou corpos deliberativos, constitu\u00EDdos de oper\u00E1rios ou membros da classe trabalhadora que regulam e organizam a produ\u00E7\u00E3o material de um determinado territ\u00F3rio ou mesmo ind\u00FAstria. Este termo \u00E9 comumente usado para descrever trabalhadores governando a si mesmos, sem patr\u00F5es, em regime de autogest\u00E3o."@pt . . . . . . . . "1123976531"^^ . . . . . . . . . "\uB178\uB3D9\uC790\uD3C9\uC758\uD68C(\u52DE\u52D5\u8005\u8A55\u8B70\u6703, \uC601\uC5B4: worker's council, \uB3C5\uC77C\uC5B4: Arbeiten R\u00E4te \uC544\uB974\uBC14\uC774\uD150 \uB808\uD14C[*], \uB7EC\uC2DC\uC544\uC5B4: \u0420\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044B \uB77C\uBCF4\uCE58\uC608 \uC18C\uBCD8\uD2B8\uC774[*])\uB294 \uD2B9\uC815 \uC9C1\uC7A5 \uB610\uB294 \uD68C\uC0AC, \uC608\uCEE8\uB300 \uACF5\uC7A5, \uD559\uAD50, \uB18D\uC7A5, \uAE30\uC5C5, \uC740\uD589, \uC2DC\uC7A5, \uBE4C\uB529 \uB4F1\uACFC \uAC19\uC740 \uC7A5\uC18C\uC5D0\uC11C \uADF8 \uC9C1\uC7A5\uC5D0\uC11C \uC77C\uD558\uB294 \uB178\uB3D9\uC790\uB4E4\uC774 \uC9D1\uB2E8\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uC6B4\uC601\uD558\uB294, \uC784\uC2DC\uC801 \uAC00\uC5ED\uC801 \uB300\uD45C\uC704\uC784\uC744 \uC6D0\uCE59\uC73C\uB85C \uD558\uB294 \uC815\uCE58\uACBD\uC81C\uC870\uC9C1\uC774\uB2E4. \uB178\uB3D9\uC790\uD3C9\uC758\uD68C \uCCB4\uC81C \uD558\uC5D0\uC11C \uB178\uB3D9\uC790\uB4E4\uC740 \uC790\uC2E0\uB4E4\uC758 \uC758\uC81C\uAC00 \uBB34\uC5C7\uC774\uACE0 \uBB34\uC5C7\uC744 \uD544\uC694\uB85C \uD558\uB294\uC9C0\uB97C \uACB0\uC815\uD55C\uB2E4. \uC704\uC784\uB41C \uB300\uD45C\uC790\uB294 \uB178\uB3D9\uC790\uB4E4 \uC790\uC2E0\uB4E4 \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370\uC5D0\uC11C \uC120\uCD9C\uB41C\uB2E4. \uB300\uD45C\uC790\uAC00 \uADF8 \uAD8C\uD55C\uC744 \uBC30\uBC18\uD588\uC744 \uACBD\uC6B0 \uC989\uC2DC \uD1F4\uC9C4\uB420 \uC218 \uC788\uC73C\uBA70, \uADF8\uB807\uC9C0 \uC54A\uB354\uB77C\uB3C4 \uB300\uD45C\uC790\uB294 \uC790\uC8FC \uAD50\uCCB4\uB418\uB294 \uAC83\uC744 \uC0C1\uC815\uD55C\uB2E4. \uB178\uB3D9\uC790\uB4E4\uC744 \uAC10\uB3C5\uD558\uB294 \uAD00\uB9AC\uC790\uB294 \uB530\uB85C \uC5C6\uC73C\uBA70, \uBAA8\uB4E0 \uACB0\uC815\uAD8C\uD55C\uACFC \uC870\uC9C1\uC740 \uB300\uD45C\uC790 \uC2DC\uC2A4\uD15C\uC5D0 \uB2EC\uB824 \uC788\uB2E4. \uBCF4\uB2E4 \uD070 \uADDC\uBAA8\uB85C \uBCF4\uBA74 \uC774\uB807\uAC8C \uC120\uCD9C\uB41C \uB2E8\uC77C \uC9C1\uC7A5\uC758 \uB300\uD45C\uC790\uB4E4\uC774 \uBCF4\uB2E4 \uC0C1\uC704 \uD3C9\uC758\uD68C\uC758 \uAD6C\uC131\uC6D0\uC73C\uB85C\uC11C \uADF8 \uB300\uD45C\uC790\uB97C \uC120\uCD9C\uD558\uB294 \uB370 \uCC38\uC5EC\uD560 \uC218 \uC788\uB2E4. \uC774\uB7F0 \uC2DD\uC73C\uB85C \uACC4\uC18D\uD558\uB2E4 \uBCF4\uBA74 \uD574\uB2F9 \uAD6D\uAC00\uC758 \uD574\uB2F9 \uC0B0\uC5C5 \uC804\uCCB4\uB97C \uC6B4\uC601\uD558\uB294 \uCD5C\uACE0 \uB300\uD45C\uC790\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uC62C\uB77C\uAC00\uAC8C \uB41C\uB2E4. \uC774\uB7EC\uD55C \uCCB4\uC81C \uD558\uC5D0\uC11C \uACB0\uC815 \uAD8C\uD55C\uC740 \uB178\uB3D9\uC790\uB4E4 \uC2A4\uC2A4\uB85C\uC758 \uC758\uC81C\uC5D0 \uC758\uD574 \uC544\uB798\uB85C\uBD80\uD130 \uC704\uB85C \uC804\uB2EC\uB41C\uB2E4. \uC774\uB294 \uC0C1\uBA85\uD558\uBCF5\uC744 \uC6D0\uCE59\uC73C\uB85C \uD558\uB294 \uAD00\uB8CC\uC81C\uC640 \uC815\uBC18\uB300 \uC131\uACA9\uC744 \uB098\uD0C0\uB0B8\uB2E4. \uC18C\uBE44\uC5D0\uD2B8 \uC5F0\uBC29\uC758 \"\uC18C\uBE44\uC5D0\uD2B8\"\uB294 \uB7EC\uC2DC\uC544\uC5B4\uB85C \"\uD3C9\uC758\uD68C\"\uB77C\uB294 \uB73B\uC73C\uB85C, \uBCF8\uB798 \uC774\uB7EC\uD55C \uB178\uB3D9\uC790\uD3C9\uC758\uD68C\uC758 \uC77C\uC885\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB7EC\uB098 \uC18C\uB828\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uD601\uBA85\uACFC \uB0B4\uC804\uC744 \uAC70\uCE58\uBA74\uC11C \uACF5\uC0B0\uB2F9 \uAD00\uB8CC\uC81C\uAC00 \uD3C9\uC758\uD68C\uB97C \uC7A5\uC545\uD558\uAC8C \uB418\uC5C8\uACE0, \uAD6D\uD638\uC5D0 \uC774\uB984\uC744 \uC62C\uB9B0 \"\uC18C\uBE44\uC5D0\uD2B8\"\uB294 \uC815\uC791 \uC720\uBA85\uBB34\uC2E4\uD574\uC9C0\uACE0 \uB9D0\uC558\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . . . "\u03A4\u03BF \u03C3\u03C5\u03BC\u03B2\u03BF\u03CD\u03BB\u03B9\u03BF \u03B5\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03B6\u03BF\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD \u03AE \u03B5\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03C3\u03C5\u03BC\u03B2\u03BF\u03CD\u03BB\u03B9\u03BF \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BC\u03B9\u03B1 \u03BC\u03BF\u03C1\u03C6\u03AE \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BF\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03BF\u03C1\u03B3\u03AC\u03BD\u03C9\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B9\u03B1 \u03B5\u03BD\u03B9\u03B1\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C0\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B4\u03B9\u03BF\u03B9\u03BA\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03AF\u03C1\u03B5\u03C3\u03B7, \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03AC\u03B4\u03B5\u03B9\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1 \u03CC\u03C0\u03C9\u03C2 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1\u03C2 \u03B4\u03AE\u03BC\u03BF\u03C2 \u03AE \u03BC\u03B9\u03B1 \u03BA\u03BF\u03BC\u03B7\u03C4\u03B5\u03AF\u03B1, \u03B4\u03B9\u03BF\u03B9\u03BA\u03B5\u03AF\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BC\u03B2\u03BF\u03CD\u03BB\u03B9\u03BF \u03C4\u03BF \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03BF \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03AF\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03C3\u03C9\u03C1\u03B9\u03BD\u03BF\u03CD\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B8\u03CE\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AC\u03BC\u03B5\u03C3\u03B1 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03BA\u03BB\u03B7\u03C4\u03BF\u03CD\u03C2 \u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03C3\u03CE\u03C0\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03BF\u03B9 \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03BF\u03B9 \u03B5\u03BA\u03BB\u03AD\u03B3\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u03C7\u03CE\u03C1\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03B5\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BF\u03C7\u03AE\u03C2. \u039C\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03B1\u03BB\u03BB\u03B1\u03B3\u03AE \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BC\u03B2\u03BF\u03CD\u03BB\u03B9\u03BF \u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03C9\u03C4\u03CE\u03BD, \u03CC\u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BF\u03B9 \u03B5\u03BA\u03C0\u03C1\u03CC\u03C3\u03C9\u03C0\u03BF\u03B9 \u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03BB\u03AD\u03B3\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03BE\u03CD \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03C9\u03C4\u03CE\u03BD. \u03A5\u03C0\u03AE\u03C1\u03C7\u03B5 \u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B5\u03AF\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1 \u03C4\u03BF \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03BF \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03AF\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03B5\u03C1\u03B3\u03AC\u03C4\u03B5\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03CE\u03C4\u03B5\u03C2 (\u03CC\u03C0\u03C9\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF \u03B3\u03B5\u03C1\u03BC\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC Arbeiter-und Soldatenrat \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 1918)."@el . "Arbetarr\u00E5d"@sv . . "12111"^^ . . . . . . "Un consejo obrero es una asamblea deliberativa de la clase trabajadora o empleados, que se proponen facilitar la autogesti\u00F3n obrera o el control obrero dentro de una empresa. A diferencia del sindicato, en un consejo obrero los trabajadores asumen el control de hecho del lugar de trabajo, en vez de negociar con los empleadores a trav\u00E9s de contratos colectivos. Son una forma de \"democracia en el lugar de trabajo\"."@es . . "Workers' council"@en . . . . . . "A workers' council or labor council is a form of political and economic organization in which a workplace or municipality is governed by a council made up of workers or their elected delegates. The workers within each council decide on what their agenda is and what their needs are. The council communist Pannekoek describes shop-committees and sectional assemblies as the basis for workers' management of the industrial system. A variation is a soldiers' council, where soldiers direct a mutiny. Workers and soldiers have also operated councils in conjunction (like the 1918 German Arbeiter- und Soldatenrat). Workers' councils may in turn elect delegates to central committees, such as the Congress of Soviets. In such a system, the workers themselves are able to exercise decision-making power. Some socialists believe that workers' councils are necessary for the organization of a proletarian revolution and the implementation of a communist society. A works council is distinct from a workers' council in that it is organized by a firm to assist with shop-floor management, rather than organizing a socialist revolution. These organizations exist on a legal basis and are common among businesses in Germany. The term has also been applied to unions such as the Nigeria Workers' Council."@en . . . . "Laboristaj kaj soldataj konsilantaroj estis dum la germana Novembra Revolucio en 1918 organoj de la memadministrado en la urboj, en kiuj laboristoj kaj soldatoj levi\u011Dis, por subteni la \u0135us ekestintan parlamentan registaron kaj fini la Unuan Mondmiliton. Ilia modelo estis la sovetoj (eo: konsilantaroj) de la rusa Oktobra Revolucio, konsistis tamen plimulte el anoj de la SPD kaj USPD. La institucio de la konsilantaroj formas la plej gravan elementon de la delegito-respubliko kaj lige kun tio de la politika tendenco de la konsilantarismo."@eo . . "Os Conselhos Oper\u00E1rios ou Sovietes (do russo: \u0441\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0301\u0442\u044B) s\u00E3o colegiados, ou corpos deliberativos, constitu\u00EDdos de oper\u00E1rios ou membros da classe trabalhadora que regulam e organizam a produ\u00E7\u00E3o material de um determinado territ\u00F3rio ou mesmo ind\u00FAstria. Este termo \u00E9 comumente usado para descrever trabalhadores governando a si mesmos, sem patr\u00F5es, em regime de autogest\u00E3o."@pt . . "\u30EC\u30FC\u30C6\uFF08\u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u8A9E: R\u00E4te\uFF09\u307E\u305F\u306F\u52B4\u5175\u30EC\u30FC\u30C6\uFF08\u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u8A9E: Arbeiter- und Soldatenrat\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u9769\u547D\u524D\u5F8C\u306E\u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u767A\u751F\u3057\u305F\u5175\u58EB\u3068\u52B4\u50CD\u8005\u306B\u3088\u308B\u8A55\u8B70\u4F1A\u7D44\u7E54\u3002\u30ED\u30B7\u30A2\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u300C\u30BD\u30D3\u30A8\u30C8\u300D\u3068\u540C\u7FA9\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . "40678598"^^ . "Conselhos oper\u00E1rios"@pt . "Il Consiglio di fabbrica \u00E8 un organismo politico ed economico di rappresentanza eletto direttamente dai lavoratori di un'impresa, costituito da delegati temporanei e immediatamente revocabili eletti nei luoghi di lavoro delle regioni. I lavoratori decidono quali sono i propri bisogni e programmi, per poi inviare un delegato che possa divulgare e perseguire le richieste dei lavoratori. I delegati temporanei sono eletti tra i lavoratori stessi, possono essere immediatamente revocati se infrangono il loro mandato, e dovrebbero essere cambiati frequentemente. I delegati agiscono come dei messaggeri, portano e trasmettono le richieste e le intenzioni dei lavoratori. Su larga scala, un gruppo di delegati pu\u00F2 a sua volta eleggere un delegato con una posizione pi\u00F9 elevata e autorevole per svolgere il proprio mandato, e cos\u00EC via, fino a quando i delegati pi\u00F9 importanti non gestiranno il sistema industriale. Come sistema, il potere decisionale aumenta dal basso verso l'alto a seconda dei programmi degli stessi lavoratori, e non vi \u00E8 alcuna imposizione di decisione, come invece accadrebbe nel caso di una presa di potere da parte di uno strato burocratico che \u00E8 immune da revoca immediata."@it . . . . . . "Dewan pekerja adalah bentuk organisasi ekonomi dan politik di mana suatu divisi administrasi lokal, seperti daerah atau distrik yang diperintah oleh dewan yang terdiri dari delegasi sementara dan dapat langsung diganti, yang dipilih di tempat kerja daerah tersebut. Variasinya yang lain yaitu dewan tentara, ketika delegasinya dipilih dari tentara (pemberontak). Campuran dari pekerja dan tentara juga eksis (seperti Arbeiter- und Soldatenrat di Jerman pada 1918)."@in . . . . . . . . . . "\u5DE5\u4EBA\u59D4\u54E1\u6703"@zh . . . . "D\u011Blnick\u00E1 rada byla org\u00E1nem v ran\u00E9m st\u00E1diu existence socialistick\u00FDch zem\u00ED. V SSSR se t\u011Bmto rad\u00E1m za\u010Dalo pozd\u011Bji \u0159\u00EDkat sov\u011Bty (z ru\u0161tiny), nav\u00EDc jejich \u010Dleny nebyli pouze d\u011Bln\u00EDci ze z\u00E1vod\u016F, ale i lid\u00E9 z dal\u0161\u00EDch odv\u011Btv\u00ED, nap\u0159\u00EDklad zem\u011Bd\u011Blci, voj\u00E1ci a dal\u0161\u00ED. V SFRJ pak existovaly podobn\u00E9 tzv. Rady v\u00FDrobc\u016F. Podle marxismu m\u011Bly b\u00FDt d\u011Blnick\u00E9 rady z\u00E1kladn\u00EDm kamenem tzv. diktatury proletari\u00E1ru."@cs . . "\u5DE5\u4EBA\u59D4\u5458\u4F1A\u662F\u4E00\u79CD\u7ECF\u6D4E\u5408\u4F5C\u7EC4\u7EC7\u5F62\u5F0F\uFF0C\u662F\u6307\u5728\u4E00\u4E2A\u5355\u72EC\u7684\u4F01\u4E1A\u6216\u5DE5\u4F5C\u73AF\u5883\uFF08\u5982\u5DE5\u5382\u3001\u5B66\u6821\u6216\u519C\u573A\uFF09\u4E2D\uFF0C\u5F53\u5730\u5DE5\u4EBA\u96C6\u4F53\u7BA1\u63A7\u8FD9\u4E00\u5B9E\u4F53\u3002\u5F62\u5F0F\u7684\u6838\u5FC3\u5373\u662F\u901A\u8FC7\u4E34\u65F6\u4E14\u53EF\u968F\u65F6\u64A4\u6362\u7684\u4EE3\u8868\u7BA1\u7406\u3002\u5728\u8FD9\u62E5\u6709\u4E34\u65F6\u4EE3\u8868\u7684\u4F53\u5236\u5185\uFF0C\u5DE5\u4EBA\u4EEC\u81EA\u884C\u51B3\u5B9A\u5DE5\u4F5C\u65E5\u7A0B\u4EE5\u53CA\u5DE5\u4F5C\u9700\u6C42\u3002\u4ED6\u4EEC\u4E5F\u6388\u6743\u4E34\u65F6\u4EE3\u8868\u53D1\u5E03\u65E5\u7A0B\u548C\u7763\u4FC3\u8FFD\u8D76\u8FDB\u5EA6\u3002\u4E34\u65F6\u4EE3\u8868\u7531\u5DE5\u4EBA\u7FA4\u4F53\u9009\u4E3E\u800C\u51FA\uFF0C\u5F53\u88AB\u8BA4\u4E3A\u6709\u6096\u4E8E\u6388\u6743\u4EBA\u65F6\u53EF\u88AB\u968F\u65F6\u66FF\u6362\u3002\u4EE3\u8868\u901A\u5E38\u88AB\u89C6\u4E3A\u5E94\u968F\u65F6\u66F4\u6362\u7684\u3002\u4F53\u5236\u5185\u4E0D\u5B58\u5728\u7ECF\u7406\uFF0C\u6240\u6709\u51B3\u5B9A\u6743\u548C\u7EC4\u7EC7\u90FD\u57FA\u4E8E\u8FD9\u4E00\u6388\u6743\u7CFB\u7EDF\u3002\u8BF8\u5982\u5B89\u4E1C\u5C3C\u00B7\u6F58\u6D85\u5E93\u514B\u548C\u7F57\u838E\u00B7\u5362\u68EE\u5821\u7B49\u793E\u4F1A\u4E3B\u4E49\u8005\u90FD\u66FE\u63D0\u5021\u8FC7\u5DE5\u4EBA\u59D4\u5458\u4F1A\u5236\u5EA6\u3002 \u5728\u73B0\u4EE3\u5386\u53F2\u4E0A\uFF0C\u5DE5\u4EBA\u59D4\u5458\u4F1A\u6216\u7C7B\u4F3C\u7684\u5F62\u5F0F\u66FE\u591A\u6B21\u51FA\u73B0\u8FC7\u3002\u5C3D\u7BA1\u5B9E\u9645\u4E0A\u8BB8\u591A\u60C5\u5F62\u4E0B\uFF0C\u59D4\u5458\u4F1A\u5E76\u6CA1\u6709\u5B8C\u5168\u638C\u63E1\u6743\u529B\u4E14\u53D7\u5236\u4E8E\u79CD\u79CD\u5916\u90E8\u52BF\u529B\u3002\u6700\u65E9\u5373\u51FA\u73B0\u57281871\u5E74\u6CD5\u56FD\u7684\u5DF4\u9ECE\u516C\u793E\u3002\u968F\u540E\uFF0C\u57281905\u5E74\u548C1917\u5E74\u7684\u4FC4\u56FD\u51FA\u73B0\u8FC7\uFF0C\u4FC4\u8BED\u97F3\u8BD1\u5373\u4E3A\u201C\u82CF\u7EF4\u57C3\u201D\u3002\u5FB7\u56FD\u57281918\u5E74\u7684\u9769\u547D\u4E2D\u4E5F\u5927\u91CF\u51FA\u73B0\u5DE5\u4EBA\u59D4\u5458\u4F1A\u3002\u610F\u5927\u5229\u90FD\u7075\u57281919\u5E74\u81F31920\u5E74\uFF0C\u7231\u5C14\u5170\u57281920\u81F31921\u5E74\u671F\u95F4\uFF0C\u4E2D\u56FD\u57281926\u81F31927\u5E74\u671F\u95F4\uFF0C\u897F\u73ED\u7259\u57281936\u5E74\u897F\u73ED\u7259\u9769\u547D\u671F\u95F4\uFF0C\u5308\u7259\u5229\u57281919\u5E74\u548C1956\u5E74\uFF0C\u6CD5\u56FD\u57281968\u5E74\uFF0C\u667A\u5229\u57281973\u5E74\uFF0C\u4F0A\u6717\u57281978\u5E74\u81F31979\u5E74\u3002"@zh . . . . . "Ett arbetarr\u00E5d \u00E4r ett direktdemokratiskt styrande organ efter socialistiskt m\u00F6nster inom bland annat kommunismen och anarkismen. Arbetsplatsens Generalf\u00F6rsamling (storm\u00F6te) v\u00E4ljer n\u00E4r som helst avs\u00E4ttbara delegater till sitt R\u00E5d. Delegaterna har ett bundet mandat f\u00F6r att f\u00F6retr\u00E4da Generalf\u00F6rsamlingen i federationer med andra Generalf\u00F6rsamlingars R\u00E5d, regionalt och nationellt. Ett arbetarr\u00E5d kan fungera inom ramen f\u00F6r en fackf\u00F6rening men det kan ocks\u00E5 utvecklas ur en strejkkommitt\u00E9."@sv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Laborista kaj soldata konsilantaro"@eo . . . .