. "9152"^^ . . . . . "Le pleurage et scintillement (W&F pour Wow and Flutter) est une d\u00E9formation du son d'origine \u00E0 la suite d'un enregistrement sur un support comme un disque microsillon, une bande magn\u00E9tique ou une cassette audio."@fr . . "Pleurage et scintillement"@fr . "\u30EF\u30A6\u30D5\u30E9\u30C3\u30BF\u30FC"@ja . . . "1080815263"^^ . "Wow en flutter"@nl . . . . . . . "\u30EF\u30A6\u30D5\u30E9\u30C3\u30BF\u30FC\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1Awow and flutter\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u9332\u97F3\u518D\u751F\u6A5F\u5668\u306E\u56DE\u8EE2\u90E8\u306E\u30E0\u30E9\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u767A\u751F\u3059\u308B\u5468\u6CE2\u6570\u5909\u5316\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3002\u30C7\u30B8\u30BF\u30EB\u5236\u5FA1\u6A5F\u5668\u3067\u306F\u56DE\u8EE2\u30E0\u30E9\u304C\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u518D\u751F\u6A5F\u5668\u306E\u6C34\u6676\u767A\u632F\u5668\u306E\u7CBE\u5EA6\u3068\u540C\u7A0B\u5EA6\u307E\u3067\u5C0F\u3055\u304F\u3067\u304D\u308B\u3002 \u30EF\u30A6\u306F\u5468\u671F\u306E\u9577\u3044\u3082\u306E\u3001\u30D5\u30E9\u30C3\u30BF\u30FC\u306F\u5468\u671F\u306E\u77ED\u3044\u3082\u306E\u3092\u793A\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306E2\u3064\u3092\u5408\u308F\u305B\u3066\u97F3\u63FA\u308C\u306E\u8A55\u4FA1\u7528\u8A9E\u306B\u306A\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u6570\u5024\u306F%\u3067\u8868\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3002\u8981\u56E0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306F\u30C6\u30FC\u30D7\u30EC\u30B3\u30FC\u30C0\u30FC\u3084\u30EC\u30B3\u30FC\u30C9\u30D7\u30EC\u30FC\u30E4\u30FC\u306E\u9001\u308A\u96FB\u52D5\u6A5F\uFF08\u30E2\u30FC\u30BF\u30FC\uFF09\u306E\u56DE\u8EE2\u304C\u5B89\u5B9A\u3057\u306A\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3067\u8D77\u3053\u308B\u304C\u3001\u6A5F\u68B0\u7684\u306A\u4E0D\u5B89\u5B9A\u3055\u306B\u3088\u308A\u767A\u751F\u3059\u308B\u5834\u5408\u3082\u3042\u308B\u3002\u30E2\u30FC\u30BF\u30FC\u306E\u5236\u5FA1\u304C\u306B\u306A\u3063\u3066\u304B\u3089\u306F\u3053\u306E\u73FE\u8C61\u306F\u6FC0\u6E1B\u3057\u305F\u304C\u3001\u5546\u7528\u96FB\u6E90\u306B\u540C\u671F\u3057\u305F\u30B7\u30F3\u30AF\u30ED\u30CA\u30B9\u30E2\u30FC\u30BF\u30FC\u306E\u6642\u4EE3\u306B\u306F\u591A\u304F\u767A\u751F\u3057\u305F\u3002\u5C0F\u578B\u306E\u30C6\u30FC\u30D7\u30EC\u30B3\u30FC\u30C0\u30FC\u3084\u30E9\u30B8\u30AA\u30AB\u30BB\u30C3\u30C8\u3001\u30AB\u30FC\u30AA\u30FC\u30C7\u30A3\u30AA\u3001\u30D8\u30C3\u30C9\u30DB\u30F3\u30B9\u30C6\u30EC\u30AA\u7B49\u306E\u30AB\u30BB\u30C3\u30C8\u30D7\u30EC\u30FC\u30E4\u30FC\u3001\u66F4\u306B\u8FD1\u5E74\u306E\u666E\u53CA\u4FA1\u683C\u5E2F\u306E\u636E\u7F6E\u578B\u306E\u30AB\u30BB\u30C3\u30C8\u30C7\u30C3\u30AD\u306A\u3069\u3067\u306F\u99C6\u52D5\u7528\u3068\u3057\u3066DC\u30B5\u30FC\u30DC\u30E2\u30FC\u30BF\u30FC\u3084DC\u30E2\u30FC\u30BF\u30FC\u304C\u4F7F\u7528\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u305F\u3081\u3001\u30E2\u30FC\u30BF\u30FC\u99C6\u52D5\u7528\u306B\u5468\u6CE2\u6570\u3092\u4F5C\u308A\u76F4\u3059\u56DE\u8DEF\u304C\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308C\u3001\u6E29\u5EA6\u306A\u3069\u306B\u3088\u308A\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u56DE\u8EE2\u306E\u4E0D\u5B89\u5B9A\u3055\u3092\u751F\u3058\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . "Le pleurage et scintillement (W&F pour Wow and Flutter) est une d\u00E9formation du son d'origine \u00E0 la suite d'un enregistrement sur un support comme un disque microsillon, une bande magn\u00E9tique ou une cassette audio."@fr . . . . . . "Wow en flutter zijn fouten in de opname of weergave van een roterende geluidsdrager, zoals een grammofoonplaat, magneetband of compact cassette, die worden veroorzaakt door variaties in de draaisnelheid. Dit heet frequentie-modulatie van het geluid. Bij wow gaat het om langzame variaties (circa 0,1-10 Hz), bij flutter om snelle (meer dan ongeveer 10 Hz). De mate van wow en flutter wordt gewoonlijk gespecificeerd als een gezamenlijk getal, uitgedrukt in procenten. Hoe lager, hoe beter."@nl . . . . "Il termine Wow and Flutter \u00E8 uno dei parametri che definiscono le caratteristiche di un apparecchio di riproduzione audio in tecnologia analogica, in particolare \u00E8 riferito a registratori a nastro e giradischi. Il valore misurato, espresso in percentuale, indica il grado di precisione e costanza di rotazione dei dispositivi meccanici preposti al trascinamento del supporto magnetico o alla rotazione del piatto giradischi per dischi in vinile. Il trascinamento del nastro in un registratore, avviene tramite un albero motore, sul quale viene premuto il nastro da una ruota libera in gomma; eventuali irregolarit\u00E0 o variazioni di velocit\u00E0 del capstan o usura del pinch roller, provocano conseguenti irregolarit\u00E0 nella riproduzione del suono. In un giradischi, eventuali irregolarit\u00E0 di rotazione possono essere dovute a variazioni di velocit\u00E0 del motore, imperfezioni o degrado della cinghia di trasmissione in gomma o difetti di bilanciamento del piatto; in modo analogo al nastro, eventuali irregolarit\u00E0 di rotazione, si ripercuotono nella riproduzione del suono inciso nel disco. Per ridurre al minimo le variazioni di velocit\u00E0 dei motori, in modo analogo agli orologi, questi sono azionati da un circuito pilotato da un oscillatore al quarzo."@it . . . "Wow en flutter zijn fouten in de opname of weergave van een roterende geluidsdrager, zoals een grammofoonplaat, magneetband of compact cassette, die worden veroorzaakt door variaties in de draaisnelheid. Dit heet frequentie-modulatie van het geluid. Bij wow gaat het om langzame variaties (circa 0,1-10 Hz), bij flutter om snelle (meer dan ongeveer 10 Hz). De mate van wow en flutter wordt gewoonlijk gespecificeerd als een gezamenlijk getal, uitgedrukt in procenten. Hoe lager, hoe beter."@nl . "Il termine Wow and Flutter \u00E8 uno dei parametri che definiscono le caratteristiche di un apparecchio di riproduzione audio in tecnologia analogica, in particolare \u00E8 riferito a registratori a nastro e giradischi."@it . . . "Wow and Flutter"@it . "Measurement of wow and flutter is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components (e.g. movie projectors, turntables (vinyl recording), etc.) This measurement quantifies the amount of 'frequency wobble' (caused by speed fluctuations) present in subjectively valid terms. Turntables tend to suffer mainly slow wow. In digital systems, which are locked to crystal oscillators, variations in clock timing are referred to as wander or jitter, depending on speed. While the terms wow and flutter used to be used separately (for wobbles at a rate below and above 4 Hz respectively), they tend to be combined now that universal standards exist for measurement which take both into account simultaneously. Listeners find flutter most objectionable when the actual frequency of wobble is 4 Hz, and less audible above and below this rate. This fact forms the basis for the weighting curve shown here. The weighting curve is misleading, inasmuch as it presumes inaudibility of flutters above 200 Hz, when actually faster flutters are quite damaging to the sound. A flutter of 200 Hz at a level of -50db will create 0.3% intermodulation distortion, which would be considered unacceptable in a preamp or amplifier."@en . . . . . . . "3970341"^^ . . . "Measurement of wow and flutter is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components (e.g. movie projectors, turntables (vinyl recording), etc.) This measurement quantifies the amount of 'frequency wobble' (caused by speed fluctuations) present in subjectively valid terms. Turntables tend to suffer mainly slow wow. In digital systems, which are locked to crystal oscillators, variations in clock timing are referred to as wander or jitter, depending on speed."@en . . . . . . "Wow and flutter measurement"@en . . . . . . "\u30EF\u30A6\u30D5\u30E9\u30C3\u30BF\u30FC\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1Awow and flutter\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u9332\u97F3\u518D\u751F\u6A5F\u5668\u306E\u56DE\u8EE2\u90E8\u306E\u30E0\u30E9\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u767A\u751F\u3059\u308B\u5468\u6CE2\u6570\u5909\u5316\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3002\u30C7\u30B8\u30BF\u30EB\u5236\u5FA1\u6A5F\u5668\u3067\u306F\u56DE\u8EE2\u30E0\u30E9\u304C\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u518D\u751F\u6A5F\u5668\u306E\u6C34\u6676\u767A\u632F\u5668\u306E\u7CBE\u5EA6\u3068\u540C\u7A0B\u5EA6\u307E\u3067\u5C0F\u3055\u304F\u3067\u304D\u308B\u3002 \u30EF\u30A6\u306F\u5468\u671F\u306E\u9577\u3044\u3082\u306E\u3001\u30D5\u30E9\u30C3\u30BF\u30FC\u306F\u5468\u671F\u306E\u77ED\u3044\u3082\u306E\u3092\u793A\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306E2\u3064\u3092\u5408\u308F\u305B\u3066\u97F3\u63FA\u308C\u306E\u8A55\u4FA1\u7528\u8A9E\u306B\u306A\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u6570\u5024\u306F%\u3067\u8868\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3002\u8981\u56E0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306F\u30C6\u30FC\u30D7\u30EC\u30B3\u30FC\u30C0\u30FC\u3084\u30EC\u30B3\u30FC\u30C9\u30D7\u30EC\u30FC\u30E4\u30FC\u306E\u9001\u308A\u96FB\u52D5\u6A5F\uFF08\u30E2\u30FC\u30BF\u30FC\uFF09\u306E\u56DE\u8EE2\u304C\u5B89\u5B9A\u3057\u306A\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3067\u8D77\u3053\u308B\u304C\u3001\u6A5F\u68B0\u7684\u306A\u4E0D\u5B89\u5B9A\u3055\u306B\u3088\u308A\u767A\u751F\u3059\u308B\u5834\u5408\u3082\u3042\u308B\u3002\u30E2\u30FC\u30BF\u30FC\u306E\u5236\u5FA1\u304C\u306B\u306A\u3063\u3066\u304B\u3089\u306F\u3053\u306E\u73FE\u8C61\u306F\u6FC0\u6E1B\u3057\u305F\u304C\u3001\u5546\u7528\u96FB\u6E90\u306B\u540C\u671F\u3057\u305F\u30B7\u30F3\u30AF\u30ED\u30CA\u30B9\u30E2\u30FC\u30BF\u30FC\u306E\u6642\u4EE3\u306B\u306F\u591A\u304F\u767A\u751F\u3057\u305F\u3002\u5C0F\u578B\u306E\u30C6\u30FC\u30D7\u30EC\u30B3\u30FC\u30C0\u30FC\u3084\u30E9\u30B8\u30AA\u30AB\u30BB\u30C3\u30C8\u3001\u30AB\u30FC\u30AA\u30FC\u30C7\u30A3\u30AA\u3001\u30D8\u30C3\u30C9\u30DB\u30F3\u30B9\u30C6\u30EC\u30AA\u7B49\u306E\u30AB\u30BB\u30C3\u30C8\u30D7\u30EC\u30FC\u30E4\u30FC\u3001\u66F4\u306B\u8FD1\u5E74\u306E\u666E\u53CA\u4FA1\u683C\u5E2F\u306E\u636E\u7F6E\u578B\u306E\u30AB\u30BB\u30C3\u30C8\u30C7\u30C3\u30AD\u306A\u3069\u3067\u306F\u99C6\u52D5\u7528\u3068\u3057\u3066DC\u30B5\u30FC\u30DC\u30E2\u30FC\u30BF\u30FC\u3084DC\u30E2\u30FC\u30BF\u30FC\u304C\u4F7F\u7528\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u305F\u3081\u3001\u30E2\u30FC\u30BF\u30FC\u99C6\u52D5\u7528\u306B\u5468\u6CE2\u6570\u3092\u4F5C\u308A\u76F4\u3059\u56DE\u8DEF\u304C\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308C\u3001\u6E29\u5EA6\u306A\u3069\u306B\u3088\u308A\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u56DE\u8EE2\u306E\u4E0D\u5B89\u5B9A\u3055\u3092\u751F\u3058\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . .