Groundwork was laid for the launch of the first artificial satellite with the scheduling of the International Geophysical Year for 1957-58. This scientific endeavor would involve dozens of nations in a global investigation of physical phenomenona, on the ground and in space. The year saw no new ballistic missiles added to the arsenals of either the United States or the Soviet Union. However, work continued apace on large rocket development, particularly of the US Army's Redstone and the Soviet R-5 missile.