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In chemistry, diamondoids are variants of the carbon cage molecule known as adamantane (C10H16), the smallest unit cage structure of the diamond crystal lattice. Diamondoids also known as nanodiamonds or condensed adamantanes may include one or more cages (adamantane, diamantane, triamantane, and higher polymantanes) as well as numerous isomeric and structural variants of adamantanes and polymantanes. These diamondoids occur naturally in petroleum deposits and have been extracted and purified into large pure crystals of polymantane molecules having more than a dozen adamantane cages per molecule. These species are of interest as molecular approximations of the diamond cubic framework, terminated with C−H bonds. Cyclohexamantane may be thought of as a nanometer-sized diamond of approximatel

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  • بنية ألماسية (ar)
  • Diamantoide (de)
  • Diamondoid (en)
  • Diamantoidi (it)
  • Diamantoide (pt)
  • Diamantoid (sv)
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  • البنية الألماسية في سياق مواد البناء في مكونات تكنولوجيا النانو، تشير عامة إلى البنى التي تحاكي الألماس بشكل موسع: بنى قوية، كثيفة وصلبة وتحتوي شبكات ثلاثية الأبعاد من الروابط التساهمية، وتشكلت أساساً من الصف الأول والثاني من ذرات بتكافؤ ثلاثة أو أكثر. أمثلة لبنى ألماسية ممكن ان تكون الألماس المبلور، الياقوت، وبنى أخرى كثيفة مشابهة للماس لكن بذرات مختلفة تتضمن N، O, Si, S وأخرى. بنية Sp² الكربونية الهجينة المعاكسة للكربون الهجين sp³ في الألماس تترتب في مستويات ورقية (أوراق «القرافين») وهي أحياناً تتضمن صف المواد الألماسية للتقانة النانوية مثل الغرافيت، أنابيب نانوية كربونية المؤلفة من أوراق من ذرات الكربون ملفوفة في أنابيب، مكورة بشكل كرة بوكي وبنى قرافين أخرى. (ar)
  • I diamantoidi, noti anche col nome di nanodiamanti o adamantani condensati, sono molecole di dimensione nanometrica, con una struttura tridimensionale simile al diamante. Il significato del termine è leggermente diverso in ambito chimico e nanotecnologico. (it)
  • Diamantoid beskriver inom nanoteknik strukturer som har egenskaper som liknar diamant; Starka, styva och täta 3-dimensionella nätverk av atomer som hålls samman av kovalenta bindningar. Atomerna är oftast kol, kväve, syre, kisel eller svavel. (sv)
  • Die Diamantoide (Diamantartige, engl. diamondoids) sind eine Stoffgruppe von mineralischen Cycloalkanen, bei denen das Kohlenstoffgerüst gleich dem eines Diamanten ist, sowie deren Substituenten. Der einfachste Diamantoid ist das Adamantan. Einige Diamantoide kommen in geringen Mengen im Erdöl sowie in Bergkristallen vor. Die Diamantoide sollen in der Nanotechnologie eingesetzt werden, zur Herstellung von Pharmazeutika sind sie schon im Gebrauch. Die Diamantoide lassen sich als Diamantensplitter auffassen, an deren Außenfläche sich Wasserstoff angelagert hat. Es gibt auch mineralische, diamantartige Cycloalkene, deren einfachster Vertreter ist das . (de)
  • In chemistry, diamondoids are variants of the carbon cage molecule known as adamantane (C10H16), the smallest unit cage structure of the diamond crystal lattice. Diamondoids also known as nanodiamonds or condensed adamantanes may include one or more cages (adamantane, diamantane, triamantane, and higher polymantanes) as well as numerous isomeric and structural variants of adamantanes and polymantanes. These diamondoids occur naturally in petroleum deposits and have been extracted and purified into large pure crystals of polymantane molecules having more than a dozen adamantane cages per molecule. These species are of interest as molecular approximations of the diamond cubic framework, terminated with C−H bonds. Cyclohexamantane may be thought of as a nanometer-sized diamond of approximatel (en)
  • Um diamantóide, no contexto da fabricação de componentes materiais para nanotecnologia, geralmente refere-se a estruturas que se assemelham ao diamante num sentido amplo: ou seja, fortes, densas, contendo estruturas rígidas de 3-D de redes de ligações covalentes, formadas principalmente por átomos de segunda e primeira linha com valência de três ou mais. Exemplos de estruturas diamantóides incluem o diamante cristalino, safiras e outras estruturas rígidas similares ao diamante, mas com substituições de átomos diferentes, que podem incluir N, O, Si, S, e assim por diante. Estruturas de carbomo hibridizadas com Sp ² - em contraste com o carbono hibridizado com o sp ³, no diamante - organizadas em chapas planas ("folhas de grafeno") às vezes também são incluídas na classe de materiais diamant (pt)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/PentamaneChemistry.png
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