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Focus on form (FonF) is an approach to language education in which learners are made aware of the grammatical form of language features that they are already able to use communicatively. It is contrasted with , which is limited solely to the explicit focus on language features, and , which is limited to focus on meaning with no attention paid to form at all. For a teaching intervention to qualify as focus on form and not as focus on forms, the learner must be aware of the meaning and use of the language features before the form is brought to their attention. Focus on form was proposed by Michael Long in 1988.

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  • Focus on form (en)
  • Focus on form (it)
  • 형태 초점 (ko)
  • フォーカス・オン・フォーム (ja)
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  • Focus on form (FonF) is an approach to language education in which learners are made aware of the grammatical form of language features that they are already able to use communicatively. It is contrasted with , which is limited solely to the explicit focus on language features, and , which is limited to focus on meaning with no attention paid to form at all. For a teaching intervention to qualify as focus on form and not as focus on forms, the learner must be aware of the meaning and use of the language features before the form is brought to their attention. Focus on form was proposed by Michael Long in 1988. (en)
  • フォーカス・オン・フォーム(Focus-on-Form,FonF)とはマイケル・ロングの提唱した概念で、コミュニケーションや意味理解を中心とした活動の中で、学習者の言語形式への躓きなどを切っ掛けにして、時折形式の指導にシフトするというもの。形式には文法、音声、語彙などが含まれ、どのタイミングで形式の指導に移るか(かか、teacher-initiatedかstudent-initiatedかなど)や、どの程度明示的に指導するかなどは、研究者によって定義が分かれる。ある教育的介入がフォーカス・オン・フォームとみなせるかそうでないかについては、形式に注意が払われるよう言われる前に学習者が言語の特徴の意味や使い方に気付かねばならないかどうかに左右される。フォーカス・オン・フォームはマイケル・ロングが1988年に提案したものである。 (ja)
  • 형태 초점(focus on form, FonF) 교수법은 문법적 설명이나 기계적 연습을 사용해 학습자의 주의를 언어 형식으로 이끄는 것은 아니다. 형태 초점 교수법에는 과제 중심 교수법이 대표적이다. 형태 초점 교수법은 의미 초점(focus on meaning) 교수법과 대비된다. 의미 초점 교수법에서는 학습자를 제2 언어 목표 항목에 많이 접하게 하지만 학습자의 주의를 의미에서 언어 형식으로 연결시키지 않는다. (ko)
  • Il focus on form (letteralmente «focalizzazione sulla forma») è un intervento del docente di lingua seconda, attuato durante uno scambio comunicativo e consistente nello spostare l'attenzione degli apprendenti sugli aspetti formali della lingua. Inoltre, è definito in contrasto con altre due possibili mosse del docente: il focus on forms (focalizzazione sulle forme) e il focus on meaning (focalizzazione sul significato). (it)
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  • Focus on form (FonF) is an approach to language education in which learners are made aware of the grammatical form of language features that they are already able to use communicatively. It is contrasted with , which is limited solely to the explicit focus on language features, and , which is limited to focus on meaning with no attention paid to form at all. For a teaching intervention to qualify as focus on form and not as focus on forms, the learner must be aware of the meaning and use of the language features before the form is brought to their attention. Focus on form was proposed by Michael Long in 1988. (en)
  • フォーカス・オン・フォーム(Focus-on-Form,FonF)とはマイケル・ロングの提唱した概念で、コミュニケーションや意味理解を中心とした活動の中で、学習者の言語形式への躓きなどを切っ掛けにして、時折形式の指導にシフトするというもの。形式には文法、音声、語彙などが含まれ、どのタイミングで形式の指導に移るか(かか、teacher-initiatedかstudent-initiatedかなど)や、どの程度明示的に指導するかなどは、研究者によって定義が分かれる。ある教育的介入がフォーカス・オン・フォームとみなせるかそうでないかについては、形式に注意が払われるよう言われる前に学習者が言語の特徴の意味や使い方に気付かねばならないかどうかに左右される。フォーカス・オン・フォームはマイケル・ロングが1988年に提案したものである。 (ja)
  • Il focus on form (letteralmente «focalizzazione sulla forma») è un intervento del docente di lingua seconda, attuato durante uno scambio comunicativo e consistente nello spostare l'attenzione degli apprendenti sugli aspetti formali della lingua. Inoltre, è definito in contrasto con altre due possibili mosse del docente: il focus on forms (focalizzazione sulle forme) e il focus on meaning (focalizzazione sul significato). Il primo consiste nella focalizzazione decontestualizzata delle forme linguistiche (intesa per lo più come lezione di grammatica normativa); il secondo si limita alla focalizzazione sul significato (lessico) senza prestare attenzione alle forme (come avviene in un approccio comunicativo in senso stretto). La prima definizione di focus on form è stata proposta da Michael Long nel 1988 . Per rientrare nella definizione di focus on form, comunque, un intervento didattico deve inserirsi in uno scambio comunicativo e spostare momentaneamente l'attenzione sulla forma (tipicamente con un feedback correttivo). (it)
  • 형태 초점(focus on form, FonF) 교수법은 문법적 설명이나 기계적 연습을 사용해 학습자의 주의를 언어 형식으로 이끄는 것은 아니다. 형태 초점 교수법에는 과제 중심 교수법이 대표적이다. 형태 초점 교수법은 의미 초점(focus on meaning) 교수법과 대비된다. 의미 초점 교수법에서는 학습자를 제2 언어 목표 항목에 많이 접하게 하지만 학습자의 주의를 의미에서 언어 형식으로 연결시키지 않는다. (ko)
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