The Indian Claims Commission was a judicial relations arbiter between the United States federal government and Native American tribes. It was established under the Indian Claims Act of 1946 by the United States Congress to hear any longstanding claims of Indian tribes against the United States. It took until the late 1970s to complete most of them, with the last case finished in the early 21st century.
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| - Commission des revendications indiennes (fr)
- Indian Claims Commission (en)
- Komisja Roszczeń Indiańskich (pl)
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| - La Commission des revendications indiennes (en anglais : Indian Claims Commission) était une commission américaine chargée des relations entre le gouvernement fédéral des États-Unis et les tribus amérindiennes. Elle fut établie en 1946 par le Congrès américain afin de recevoir les plaintes des Amérindiens. Il s'agissait de récompenser l'engagement amérindien dans la Seconde Guerre mondiale et d'offrir des compensations financières en contrepartie des territoires perdus au XIXe siècle. La fondation de la commission provoqua le développement des recherches ethnologiques sur les peuples amérindiens et à la création de l'.La commission fut dissoute en 1978. (fr)
- Komisja Roszczeń Indiańskich (ang. Indian Claims Commission) – niezależna komisja, powołana w 1946 roku przez Kongres Stanów Zjednoczonych w celu rozpatrywania terytorialnych roszczeń tubylczych plemion USA i zaspokajania ich w drodze finansowych rekompensat. Do likwidacji w 1978 roku rozpatrzyła 342 skargi złożone przez rady plemienne amerykańskich Indian, wypłacając im ponad 800 mln dolarów odszkodowań za utracone ziemie. (pl)
- The Indian Claims Commission was a judicial relations arbiter between the United States federal government and Native American tribes. It was established under the Indian Claims Act of 1946 by the United States Congress to hear any longstanding claims of Indian tribes against the United States. It took until the late 1970s to complete most of them, with the last case finished in the early 21st century. (en)
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| - The Indian Claims Commission was a judicial relations arbiter between the United States federal government and Native American tribes. It was established under the Indian Claims Act of 1946 by the United States Congress to hear any longstanding claims of Indian tribes against the United States. It took until the late 1970s to complete most of them, with the last case finished in the early 21st century. The commission was conceived as way to thank Native Americans for their unprecedented service in World War II and as a way to relieve the anxiety and resentment caused by the United States' history of colonization of indigenous peoples. Together with the law, the Commission created a process for tribes to address their grievances against the United States, and offered monetary compensation for territory lost as a result of broken federal treaties. However, by accepting the government's monetary offer, the aggrieved tribe abdicated any right to raise their claim again in the future. On occasion, a tribe gave up federal recognition as part of the settlement of a claim. Anthropologists and ethnologists, historians and legalists, as well as government officials including lawyers, were the dominant researchers, advocates, and legal counsel for the plaintiff tribes and the defendant federal government. The greatly expanded amount of anthropological research conducted for the Commission led to the foundation of the American Society for Ethnohistory (ASE). The research and historical reports compiled in evidence for Native American claims was first amassed in 1954 at the inaugural Ohio Valley Historic Indian Conference, the predecessor organization later renamed the ASE. A collection of the studies was published in the series "American Indian Ethnohistory" by Garland Publishing in 1974. The methodology and theory of ethnohistorical research in general traces back to the work done by anthropologists and other scholars on claims before the Commission. With the chance to pursue claims against the government, many neglected Indian groups in the Southeast, the Northeast, and California organized tribal governments in order to pursue their claims, particularly for land. In particular, the 1946 act allowed any "identifiable" group of native descendants to bring a cause of action without regard to their federal recognition status. Tribes such as the Poarch Band of Creek Indians of Alabama trace their modern federal status to the efforts of Chief Calvin McGhee and his 1950s work with the Indian Claims Commission. Indian land claims were one of the key reasons the Bureau of Indian Affairs established its administrative Federal Acknowledgment Process in 1978. The Commission was adjourned in 1978 by Public Law 94-465, which terminated the Commission and transferred its pending docket of 170 cases to the United States Court of Claims on September 30, 1978. By the time of the Commission's final report, it had awarded $818,172,606.64 in judgments and had completed 546 dockets. (en)
- La Commission des revendications indiennes (en anglais : Indian Claims Commission) était une commission américaine chargée des relations entre le gouvernement fédéral des États-Unis et les tribus amérindiennes. Elle fut établie en 1946 par le Congrès américain afin de recevoir les plaintes des Amérindiens. Il s'agissait de récompenser l'engagement amérindien dans la Seconde Guerre mondiale et d'offrir des compensations financières en contrepartie des territoires perdus au XIXe siècle. La fondation de la commission provoqua le développement des recherches ethnologiques sur les peuples amérindiens et à la création de l'.La commission fut dissoute en 1978. (fr)
- Komisja Roszczeń Indiańskich (ang. Indian Claims Commission) – niezależna komisja, powołana w 1946 roku przez Kongres Stanów Zjednoczonych w celu rozpatrywania terytorialnych roszczeń tubylczych plemion USA i zaspokajania ich w drodze finansowych rekompensat. Do likwidacji w 1978 roku rozpatrzyła 342 skargi złożone przez rady plemienne amerykańskich Indian, wypłacając im ponad 800 mln dolarów odszkodowań za utracone ziemie. (pl)
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