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The term "National Treasure" has been used in Japan to denote cultural properties since 1897.The items are selected by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology based on their "especially high historical or artistic value". This list presents 14 entries of residential structures from 15th-century feudal Muromachi period to the early modern 17th-century Edo period. The structures listed include teahouses, shoin, guest or reception halls and other rooms which are part of Japanese domestic architecture, while most of the structures are located in temples, one is a castle. In 2009, the early 20th century Akasaka Palace was designated as National Treasure in the category of "modern residences" (Meiji period and later). Because it is the only National Treasure in this ca

AttributesValues
rdfs:label
  • Liste der Nationalschätze Japans (Residenzen) (de)
  • List of National Treasures of Japan (residences) (en)
  • 日本國寶住宅列表 (zh)
rdfs:comment
  • Ausgewiesene „materielle Kulturgüter“ können in Japan seit 1897 auch zu Nationalschätzen erhoben werden. Die Definition und die Kriterien für einen Nationalschatz haben sich im Laufe der Zeit verändert. Alle hier aufgeführten Residenzen genügen den aktuellen Bestimmungen des Kulturgutschutzgesetzes, das seit dem 9. Juni 1951 angewendet wird. Die Ernennung zum Nationalschatz erfolgt aufgrund des „besonders hohen geschichtlichen oder künstlerischen Wertes“ und durch den Minister für Bildung. (de)
  • The term "National Treasure" has been used in Japan to denote cultural properties since 1897.The items are selected by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology based on their "especially high historical or artistic value". This list presents 14 entries of residential structures from 15th-century feudal Muromachi period to the early modern 17th-century Edo period. The structures listed include teahouses, shoin, guest or reception halls and other rooms which are part of Japanese domestic architecture, while most of the structures are located in temples, one is a castle. In 2009, the early 20th century Akasaka Palace was designated as National Treasure in the category of "modern residences" (Meiji period and later). Because it is the only National Treasure in this ca (en)
  • 日本1897年起指定部份文化財為國寶。國寶現由文部科學省依「歷史、藝術價值極高」指定,分建造物與美術工藝品2類。有14項建造物進一步歸類為「近世以前/住宅」,建於15世紀封建室町时代至近代17世紀江户时代早期,有茶室、、客殿等國內建築,多數位於寺院,1項為城。2009年,20世紀初舊東宮御所(迎賓館赤坂離宮)獲指定國寶,是唯一歸類為「近代/住居」(近代指明治時代及以後)的建造物,本列表在此一併列出。 日本鋪疊蓆的傳統住宅設計奠基於室町時代後期,完善於安土桃山时代。書院造是受禅宗影響的新建築風格,發展自平安时代早期寢殿造及鎌倉時代。書院是大名待客及寺院讀書的地點。由屋簷包圍,較小區域由橫拉的襖、障子、舞良戶、杉戶等隔開。主待客室有床之間(凹間)、(交錯架子)、附書院(內置桌子)、華麗的(橫拉門)等特有設施。待客室牆與牆間遍佈疊蓆,有角柱、格天井,以及防雨的。安土桃山時代,玄關成為住宅要素。現存最古的書院造是1485年建的慈照寺東求堂。其他典型有主殿,如園城寺的兩個客殿。江戶時代早期,書院造到達頂峰,並在大名住所之外傳開。二條城二之丸御殿與西本願寺書院是此時期特色鮮明的正規書院造。 日本茶道茶室風格樸素,與書院造並行。16世紀,千利休創立,通常只有二至八疊大,用材天然,外觀樸素。這種以如庵與待庵為代表的茶室風格受農家風格與以鋪疊蓆、設床之間及若干準備室為特色的書院造影響。 (zh)
foaf:depiction
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/GinkakujiTemple.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/TAIAN_in_MyokiAN_Kyoto.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Shiroshoin_Nishi_Honganji.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Taisehokan.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/State_Guest-House_Akasaka_Palace.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Urakuen_Joan.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/DaigojiSanpoinKaramon.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hiunkaku_Nishi_Honganji.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kuroshoin_Nishin_Honganji.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Main_Shoin_of_Sanboin_(131).jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Meeting_room_Nishi_Honganji.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/National_Treasures_of_Japan_(residences).png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nijo_Castle-focused-center.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nijo_Castle_1.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nijo_Castle_J09_40-focused-right.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nijo_Castle_J09_49.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nijo_Castle_Ninomaru_02.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nijo_Castle_Ninomaru_03.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Togu_do.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Toji_Kanchiin.jpg
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