Negative interest on excess reserves is an instrument of unconventional monetary policy applied by central banks to encourage lending by making it costly for commercial banks to hold their excess reserves at central banks so they will lend more readily to the private sector. Such a policy is usually a response to very slow economic growth, deflation, and deleveraging.
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| - 마이너스 금리 정책 (ko)
- マイナス金利政策 (ja)
- Negative interest on excess reserves (en)
- 負利率政策 (zh)
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| - 마이너스 금리 정책은 상업 은행들이 을 보유하는데 비용을 들여서 민간 부문에 더 쉽게 대출할 수 있도록 함으로써 대출 장려를 위해 중앙 은행이 부여하는 통화 정책이다. 이러한 정책은 보통 매우 저조한 경제성장, 디플레이션, 과 연관된다. 경제침체 기간 중에 중앙은행들은 성장을 촉진시키기 위해 이율을 낮추는 경우가 있다. (ko)
- マイナス金利政策（マイナスきんりせいさく、英: negative interest rate policy）とは、中央銀行（もしくは民間銀行）が名目金利をゼロ未満のマイナス金利に設定する政策であり、経済を刺激するために行われる非伝統的金融政策である。似たような低金利政策にゼロ金利政策があるが、政策金利をゼロ近くに下げるゼロ金利政策に対して、マイナス金利政策は日本銀行の当座預金の超過準備の名目金利をゼロ未満にするという点で異なっている。 (ja)
- 負利率政策（英語：Negative Interest on Excess Reserves）是一種政府要求中央銀行對超額準備金收取利息的政策，是政府管理金融市場的非常規貨幣政策手段之一。因為當利率降低時，銀行存有資金成本增加，負利率政策會鼓勵商業銀行提出放在央行的超額準備金，從而鼓勵銀行向民間發出貸款，負利率政策通常是央行對龜速經濟成長、通貨緊縮或等之回應。 而儘管直覺而言，在負利率的時代，銀行也會轉嫁負利率到存戶身上，使存戶存在銀行中的存款也要向銀行支付「保管費」，但實務上，銀行並不會將負利率的負擔直接轉嫁給零售存款的利率，至多降至零利率為止。因為倘若銀行對普通儲蓄者開始採用負利率政策，不但有可機會降低民眾未來存款意願，更有可能衍生出擠兌事件，使銀行立刻面臨經營危機。換言之，負利率只會出現在央行之決議利率裡，不會出現在銀行對散戶公布的儲蓄利率中。負利率政策和負實質利率是不同概念，前者是中央銀行的政策手段，後者是指由於市場上利率過低，造成儲蓄者獲得的利息跑不贏通貨膨脹，購買力進而縮小的情況。 (zh)
- Negative interest on excess reserves is an instrument of unconventional monetary policy applied by central banks to encourage lending by making it costly for commercial banks to hold their excess reserves at central banks so they will lend more readily to the private sector. Such a policy is usually a response to very slow economic growth, deflation, and deleveraging. (en)
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| - Negative interest on excess reserves is an instrument of unconventional monetary policy applied by central banks to encourage lending by making it costly for commercial banks to hold their excess reserves at central banks so they will lend more readily to the private sector. Such a policy is usually a response to very slow economic growth, deflation, and deleveraging. During economic downturns, central banks often lower interest rates to stimulate growth. Until late in the 20th century, it was thought that rates could not go below zero because banks would hold onto cash instead of paying a fee to deposit it. It turns out this was not quite right. Central banks in Europe and in Japan have demonstrated rates can go negative, and several have pushed them in that direction for the same reason they lowered them to zero in the first place—to provide stimulus and, where inflation is below target, to raise the inflation rate. The notion is that negative rates will provide even more incentive for commercial banks to make loans. What might have looked like a potential lending project, by a bank, not worth funding even in a low-interest-rate environment might now look attractive if the alternative is being charged to store money at the central bank or holding a large amount of cash. (en)
- 마이너스 금리 정책은 상업 은행들이 을 보유하는데 비용을 들여서 민간 부문에 더 쉽게 대출할 수 있도록 함으로써 대출 장려를 위해 중앙 은행이 부여하는 통화 정책이다. 이러한 정책은 보통 매우 저조한 경제성장, 디플레이션, 과 연관된다. 경제침체 기간 중에 중앙은행들은 성장을 촉진시키기 위해 이율을 낮추는 경우가 있다. (ko)
- マイナス金利政策（マイナスきんりせいさく、英: negative interest rate policy）とは、中央銀行（もしくは民間銀行）が名目金利をゼロ未満のマイナス金利に設定する政策であり、経済を刺激するために行われる非伝統的金融政策である。似たような低金利政策にゼロ金利政策があるが、政策金利をゼロ近くに下げるゼロ金利政策に対して、マイナス金利政策は日本銀行の当座預金の超過準備の名目金利をゼロ未満にするという点で異なっている。 (ja)
- 負利率政策（英語：Negative Interest on Excess Reserves）是一種政府要求中央銀行對超額準備金收取利息的政策，是政府管理金融市場的非常規貨幣政策手段之一。因為當利率降低時，銀行存有資金成本增加，負利率政策會鼓勵商業銀行提出放在央行的超額準備金，從而鼓勵銀行向民間發出貸款，負利率政策通常是央行對龜速經濟成長、通貨緊縮或等之回應。 而儘管直覺而言，在負利率的時代，銀行也會轉嫁負利率到存戶身上，使存戶存在銀行中的存款也要向銀行支付「保管費」，但實務上，銀行並不會將負利率的負擔直接轉嫁給零售存款的利率，至多降至零利率為止。因為倘若銀行對普通儲蓄者開始採用負利率政策，不但有可機會降低民眾未來存款意願，更有可能衍生出擠兌事件，使銀行立刻面臨經營危機。換言之，負利率只會出現在央行之決議利率裡，不會出現在銀行對散戶公布的儲蓄利率中。負利率政策和負實質利率是不同概念，前者是中央銀行的政策手段，後者是指由於市場上利率過低，造成儲蓄者獲得的利息跑不贏通貨膨脹，購買力進而縮小的情況。 (zh)
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