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When Britain emerged victorious from the Second World War, the Labour Party under Clement Attlee came to power and created a comprehensive welfare state, with the establishment of the National Health Service giving free healthcare to all British citizens, and other reforms to benefits. The Bank of England, railways, heavy industry, and coal mining were all nationalised. The most controversial issue was nationalisation of steel, which was profitable unlike the others. Economic recovery was slow, housing was in short supply, bread was rationed along with many necessities in short supply. It was an "age of austerity". American loans and Marshall Plan grants kept the economy afloat. India, Pakistan, Burma and Ceylon gained independence. Britain was a strong anti-Soviet factor in the Cold War a

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  • بريطانيا ما بعد الحرب (1945-1979) (ar)
  • Postwar Britain (1945–1979) (en)
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  • بعد انتصار بريطانيا في الحرب العالمية الثانية، وصل حزب العمال في عهد كليمنت أتلي إلى السلطة وأنشأ دولة رفاهية شاملة إلى جانب إنشائه هيئة الخدمات الصحة الوطنية التي توفر الرعاية الصحية المجانية لجميع المواطنين البريطانيين، وغيرها من الإصلاحات الخاضعة لنظام الفوائد. وقد جرى تأميم بنك إنجلترا والسكك الحديدية والصناعات الثقيلة وعمليات استخراج الفحم. لكن المسألة الأكثر صعوبةً كانت في تأميم الصلب الذي كان يقدم أرباحًا طائلة على عكس المسائل الأخرى. كان الانتعاش الاقتصادي بطيئًا بعض الشيء إلى جانب ضعف القدرة على تشجيع قطاع الإسكان للمواطنين حتى أنه قد جرى ترشيد استهلاك بسبب نقص العديد من الحاجات الأولية، ليكون ذلك «عصر التقشف». أبقت القروض الأمريكية ومنح مشروع مارشال الاقتصاد على قدميه. حصلت الهند وباكستان وميانمار وسريلانكا على استقلالها. كانت بريطانيا قوة عظيمة ضد الاتحاد السوفييتي أثناء الحرب (ar)
  • When Britain emerged victorious from the Second World War, the Labour Party under Clement Attlee came to power and created a comprehensive welfare state, with the establishment of the National Health Service giving free healthcare to all British citizens, and other reforms to benefits. The Bank of England, railways, heavy industry, and coal mining were all nationalised. The most controversial issue was nationalisation of steel, which was profitable unlike the others. Economic recovery was slow, housing was in short supply, bread was rationed along with many necessities in short supply. It was an "age of austerity". American loans and Marshall Plan grants kept the economy afloat. India, Pakistan, Burma and Ceylon gained independence. Britain was a strong anti-Soviet factor in the Cold War a (en)
rdfs:seeAlso
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  • Postwar Britain (en)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Anthony_Eden_(retouched).jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The_National_Archives_UK_-_CO_1069-1-17(cropped).jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/James_Callaghan.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Partition_of_India.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Winston_Churchill_waves_to_crowds_in_Whitehall_in_London_as_they_celebrate_VE_Day,_8_May_1945._H41849.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Elizabeth_and_Philip_1953.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Attlee_BW_cropped.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Winston_Churchill_cph.3a49758.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Harold_Wilson_(1967).jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Heathdod.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alec_Douglas-Home_(c1963).jpg
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