There are about twenty different texts from Qumran which deal with a 364-day solar calendar. They are mainly very fragmentary, so the calendar is not completely understood. However, it is significantly different from the Babylonian lunar calendar which evolved into the 354-day Hebrew calendar as known today. The scrolls calendar divided the year into four quarters and recorded the feast days of the community. Feasts were fixed to the solar year and so occurred on different days from those indicated in the Babylonian-based calendar. Many of the texts are rosters of weekly shifts or courses of temple service for the twenty-four priestly families, known as Mishmarot.
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| - Calendario delle settimane (it)
- Calendrier solaire de 364 jours (fr)
- Qumran calendrical texts (en)
- Кумранские календарные тексты (ru)
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| - There are about twenty different texts from Qumran which deal with a 364-day solar calendar. They are mainly very fragmentary, so the calendar is not completely understood. However, it is significantly different from the Babylonian lunar calendar which evolved into the 354-day Hebrew calendar as known today. The scrolls calendar divided the year into four quarters and recorded the feast days of the community. Feasts were fixed to the solar year and so occurred on different days from those indicated in the Babylonian-based calendar. Many of the texts are rosters of weekly shifts or courses of temple service for the twenty-four priestly families, known as Mishmarot. (en)
- Le calendrier solaire de 364 jours est un calendrier solaire observé par plusieurs groupes sectaires juifs pendant la période du Second Temple. (fr)
- Существует около двадцати различных текстов из Кумрана, которые описывают 364-дневный солнечный календарь. Они в основном очень фрагментарны. Однако, они существенно отличаются от Вавилонского лунного календаря, который перерос в 354-дневный еврейский календарь. Календарный год делили на четыре квартала. Праздники были ориентированы на солнечный год, и проходили в разные дни в отличие от тех, которые указаны в Вавилонском календаре. Многие тексты, содержащие еженедельные расписания храмовой службы в течение двадцати четырёх семей священников, известны как Mishmarot. (ru)
- Il Calendario delle settimane è un calendario utilizzato nel Libro dei Giubilei, nel Libro di Enoch e in una ventina di frammenti di papiro di Qumran. Anche le date citate in molti libri biblici, fra cui il Libro di Ezechiele, devono essere interpretate secondo questo calendario. Secondo Guillaume sarebbe stato introdotto dall'inizio del dominio persiano (circa 530 a.C.) e abbandonato sotto il dominio dei seleucidi, che seguivano un calendario lunisolare come i babilonesi. Più precisamente secondo Feldman esso sarebbe stato introdotto da Neemia in parallelo all'istituzionalizzazione del sabato. (it)
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| - There are about twenty different texts from Qumran which deal with a 364-day solar calendar. They are mainly very fragmentary, so the calendar is not completely understood. However, it is significantly different from the Babylonian lunar calendar which evolved into the 354-day Hebrew calendar as known today. The scrolls calendar divided the year into four quarters and recorded the feast days of the community. Feasts were fixed to the solar year and so occurred on different days from those indicated in the Babylonian-based calendar. Many of the texts are rosters of weekly shifts or courses of temple service for the twenty-four priestly families, known as Mishmarot. (en)
- Le calendrier solaire de 364 jours est un calendrier solaire observé par plusieurs groupes sectaires juifs pendant la période du Second Temple. (fr)
- Il Calendario delle settimane è un calendario utilizzato nel Libro dei Giubilei, nel Libro di Enoch e in una ventina di frammenti di papiro di Qumran. Anche le date citate in molti libri biblici, fra cui il Libro di Ezechiele, devono essere interpretate secondo questo calendario. Secondo Guillaume sarebbe stato introdotto dall'inizio del dominio persiano (circa 530 a.C.) e abbandonato sotto il dominio dei seleucidi, che seguivano un calendario lunisolare come i babilonesi. Più precisamente secondo Feldman esso sarebbe stato introdotto da Neemia in parallelo all'istituzionalizzazione del sabato. , e molti dopo di lei, hanno ritenuto che l'abrogazione di questo calendario dal culto nel tempio di Gerusalemme, decisa da una classe sacerdotale ormai ellenizzata, abbia motivato la secessione della comunità di Qumran dal giudaismo ufficiale. (it)
- Существует около двадцати различных текстов из Кумрана, которые описывают 364-дневный солнечный календарь. Они в основном очень фрагментарны. Однако, они существенно отличаются от Вавилонского лунного календаря, который перерос в 354-дневный еврейский календарь. Календарный год делили на четыре квартала. Праздники были ориентированы на солнечный год, и проходили в разные дни в отличие от тех, которые указаны в Вавилонском календаре. Многие тексты, содержащие еженедельные расписания храмовой службы в течение двадцати четырёх семей священников, известны как Mishmarot. (ru)
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