A smart fluid is a fluid whose properties (e.g. viscosity) can be changed by applying an electric field or a magnetic field. The most developed smart fluids today are fluids whose viscosity increases when a magnetic field is applied. Small magnetic dipoles are suspended in a non-magnetic fluid, and the applied magnetic field causes these small magnets to line up and form strings that increase the viscosity. These magnetorheological or MR fluids are being used in the suspension of the 2002 model of the Cadillac Seville STS automobile and more recently, in the suspension of the second-generation Audi TT. Depending on road conditions, the damping fluid's viscosity is adjusted. This is more expensive than traditional systems, but it provides better (faster) control. Similar systems are being e
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| - Fluido inteligente (es)
- Fluide intelligent (fr)
- Smart fluid (en)
- 智能流体 (zh)
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| - Un fluido inteligente es aquel fluido que puede modificar alguna de sus propiedades, habitualmente su viscosidad, ante estímulos de, por ejemplo, un campo eléctrico o magnético. Los fluidos que atienden a la electricidad reciben el nombre de fluidos electrorreológicos y los que lo hacen por magnetismo son llamados fluidos magnetorreológicos. Existen polímeros considerados fluidos eléctricos. Un futuro uso podría ser la liberación de medicamentos en el cuerpo sobre la base de estímulos eléctricos, de, por ejemplo, insulina, además de otros muchos. (es)
- Un fluide intelligent (smart fluid en anglais) est un fluide qui modifie ses propriétés lorsqu'il est soumis à un champ électrique ou à un champ magnétique. (fr)
- 智能流体（英語：smart fluids）指的是用电场或磁场可以改变其流动性能（主要为粘滞系数）的流体。 智能流体分为二大类；电流变液和磁流变液。电流变液一般是由半导体颗粒在介电质油中组成悬浮液；而磁流变液则是由磁性颗粒在非磁性油类中组成的悬浮液。二种流体的流动机理都是相同的；电场使电流变液内颗粒极化；磁场使磁流变液的颗粒磁化，并成线状，从而使它们的流动性改变。电场或磁场去掉后，它们的性又可复原。 电流变液在电场作用下，其粘滞系数可发生105級的变化；例如；一典型的电流变液，在电场作用下；只要在毫秒的晌应时间内，就可变成凝胶；这种过程是可逆的。它有时也称为，它是美国发明家于1947年发明的。 电流变液的主要用途为制造快速液压阀和离合器；它们的间距在1mm左右；所加电压约为1KV。磁流变液在磁场作用下，它的外观粘滞系数可一直变为粘弹性固体；改变磁场强度；可精确控制它的内应力状态；可以传送力。它的主要应用在工业中制造各种阻尼器和减震器。 (zh)
- A smart fluid is a fluid whose properties (e.g. viscosity) can be changed by applying an electric field or a magnetic field. The most developed smart fluids today are fluids whose viscosity increases when a magnetic field is applied. Small magnetic dipoles are suspended in a non-magnetic fluid, and the applied magnetic field causes these small magnets to line up and form strings that increase the viscosity. These magnetorheological or MR fluids are being used in the suspension of the 2002 model of the Cadillac Seville STS automobile and more recently, in the suspension of the second-generation Audi TT. Depending on road conditions, the damping fluid's viscosity is adjusted. This is more expensive than traditional systems, but it provides better (faster) control. Similar systems are being e (en)
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| - Un fluido inteligente es aquel fluido que puede modificar alguna de sus propiedades, habitualmente su viscosidad, ante estímulos de, por ejemplo, un campo eléctrico o magnético. Los fluidos que atienden a la electricidad reciben el nombre de fluidos electrorreológicos y los que lo hacen por magnetismo son llamados fluidos magnetorreológicos. Existen polímeros considerados fluidos eléctricos. Un futuro uso podría ser la liberación de medicamentos en el cuerpo sobre la base de estímulos eléctricos, de, por ejemplo, insulina, además de otros muchos. (es)
- Un fluide intelligent (smart fluid en anglais) est un fluide qui modifie ses propriétés lorsqu'il est soumis à un champ électrique ou à un champ magnétique. (fr)
- A smart fluid is a fluid whose properties (e.g. viscosity) can be changed by applying an electric field or a magnetic field. The most developed smart fluids today are fluids whose viscosity increases when a magnetic field is applied. Small magnetic dipoles are suspended in a non-magnetic fluid, and the applied magnetic field causes these small magnets to line up and form strings that increase the viscosity. These magnetorheological or MR fluids are being used in the suspension of the 2002 model of the Cadillac Seville STS automobile and more recently, in the suspension of the second-generation Audi TT. Depending on road conditions, the damping fluid's viscosity is adjusted. This is more expensive than traditional systems, but it provides better (faster) control. Similar systems are being explored to reduce vibration in washing machines, air conditioning compressors, rockets and satellites, and one has even been installed in Japan's National Museum of Emerging Science and Innovation in Tokyo as an earthquake shock absorber. Some haptic devices whose resistance to touch can be controlled are also based on these MR fluids. Another major type of smart fluid are electrorheological or ER fluids, whose resistance to flow can be quickly and dramatically altered by an applied electric field (note, the yield stress point is altered rather than the viscosity). Besides fast acting clutches, brakes, shock absorbers and hydraulic valves, other, more esoteric, applications such as bulletproof vests have been proposed for these fluids. Other smart fluids change their surface tension in the presence of an electric field. This has been used to produce very small controllable lenses: a drop of this fluid, captured in a small cylinder and surrounded by oil, serves as a lens whose shape can be changed by applying an electric field. (en)
- 智能流体（英語：smart fluids）指的是用电场或磁场可以改变其流动性能（主要为粘滞系数）的流体。 智能流体分为二大类；电流变液和磁流变液。电流变液一般是由半导体颗粒在介电质油中组成悬浮液；而磁流变液则是由磁性颗粒在非磁性油类中组成的悬浮液。二种流体的流动机理都是相同的；电场使电流变液内颗粒极化；磁场使磁流变液的颗粒磁化，并成线状，从而使它们的流动性改变。电场或磁场去掉后，它们的性又可复原。 电流变液在电场作用下，其粘滞系数可发生105級的变化；例如；一典型的电流变液，在电场作用下；只要在毫秒的晌应时间内，就可变成凝胶；这种过程是可逆的。它有时也称为，它是美国发明家于1947年发明的。 电流变液的主要用途为制造快速液压阀和离合器；它们的间距在1mm左右；所加电压约为1KV。磁流变液在磁场作用下，它的外观粘滞系数可一直变为粘弹性固体；改变磁场强度；可精确控制它的内应力状态；可以传送力。它的主要应用在工业中制造各种阻尼器和减震器。 (zh)
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