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Toqui (or Toki) (Mapudungun for axe or axe-bearer) is a title conferred by the Mapuche (an indigenous Chilean and Argentinian people) on those chosen as leaders during times of war. The toqui is chosen in an assembly or parliament of the chieftains (loncos) of various clans (Rehues) or confederation of clans (Aillarehues), allied during the war at hand. The toqui commanded strict obedience of all the warriors and their loncos during the war, would organize them into units and appoint leaders over them. This command would continue until the toqui was killed, abdicated (Cayancaru), was deposed in another parliament (as in the case of Lincoyan, for poor leadership), or upon completion of the war for which he was chosen.

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  • Toqui (en)
  • Toqui (es)
  • Toqui (it)
  • Toqui (fr)
  • Toqui (pt)
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  • Toqui (del mapudungun toki) es el título que los mapuche daban a sus líderes militares. El término también se usaba para nombrar la de piedra que los jefes mapuches usaban como insignia de mando. (es)
  • Toqui (in lingua mapudungun, ascia o portatore d'ascia) è un titolo che veniva conferito dai Mapuche (popolazione indigena del Cile) a coloro che erano scelti come leader in tempo di guerra, oppure in occasione di grandi calamità quali siccità, epidemie o altri problemi significativi affliggenti vaste aree del territorio. (it)
  • Toqui (Hache en mapudungun) est un titre conféré chez le peuple Mapuche (Chili) au chef militaire élu pour la durée de la guerre. Il est choisi par une assemblée des chefs (loncos) des différents clans ou confédérations de clans alliés dans le conflit. Il dispose d'un pouvoir suprême sur tous les guerriers et leurs propres chefs, organise les unités combattantes et en désigne les responsables. Ce pouvoir est acquis pour toute la durée de la guerre, ou cesse avec la mort du Toqui ou sa destitution par une nouvelle assemblée en cas d'incompétence. (fr)
  • Toqui (or Toki) (Mapudungun for axe or axe-bearer) is a title conferred by the Mapuche (an indigenous Chilean and Argentinian people) on those chosen as leaders during times of war. The toqui is chosen in an assembly or parliament of the chieftains (loncos) of various clans (Rehues) or confederation of clans (Aillarehues), allied during the war at hand. The toqui commanded strict obedience of all the warriors and their loncos during the war, would organize them into units and appoint leaders over them. This command would continue until the toqui was killed, abdicated (Cayancaru), was deposed in another parliament (as in the case of Lincoyan, for poor leadership), or upon completion of the war for which he was chosen. (en)
  • Toqui (em mapudungun: machado ou aquele que possui o machado) é um título conferido pelos mapuches (um povo indígena do Chile) para aqueles que são escolhidos como os seus líderes em tempos de guerra. O toqui é escolhido em uma assembléia ou parlamento dos chefes dos vários clãs ou confederações de clãs aliados durante o conflito em questão. O toqui poderia exigir estrita obediência a todos os guerreiros e os seus líderes durante a guerra, ele poderia organizá-los em unidades e nomear um líder entre eles. Tal autoridade continuaria até que o toqui fosse morto, deposto em outra assembléia (como no caso de Lincoyan, por falta de liderança) ou após a conclusão da guerra pela qual ele foi escolhido. (pt)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lautaro_(de_Pedro_Subercaseaux).jpg
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