The people of the Trobriand Islands are mostly subsistence horticulturalists who live in traditional settlements. The social structure is based on matrilineal clans that control land and resources. People participate in the regional circuit of exchange of shells called kula, sailing to visit trade partners on seagoing canoes. In the late twentieth century, anti-colonial and cultural autonomy movements gained followers from the Trobriand societies. When inter-group warfare was forbidden by colonial rulers, the islanders developed a unique, aggressive form of cricket.
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| - Trobriandeses (pt)
- Trobriand people (en)
- Тробрианцы (ru)
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| - Тробрианцы (самоназ. киривина, киливила) — меланезийский народ, населяющий острова Тробриан, которые находятся к востоку от Папуа — Новой Гвинеи. Их численность составляет приблизительно 20 тысяч человек. Говорят на языке киливила (киривина). Живут они в традиционных поселениях. В этом народе преобладают немногочисленные семьи. (ru)
- The people of the Trobriand Islands are mostly subsistence horticulturalists who live in traditional settlements. The social structure is based on matrilineal clans that control land and resources. People participate in the regional circuit of exchange of shells called kula, sailing to visit trade partners on seagoing canoes. In the late twentieth century, anti-colonial and cultural autonomy movements gained followers from the Trobriand societies. When inter-group warfare was forbidden by colonial rulers, the islanders developed a unique, aggressive form of cricket. (en)
- As pessoas das Ilhas Trobriand são principalmente horticultores de subsistência que vivem em assentamentos tradicionais. A estrutura social é baseada em clãs matrilineares que controlam a terra e os recursos. As pessoas participam do circuito regional de troca de conchas chamado kula, navegando para visitar parceiros comerciais em canoas marítimas. No final do século XX, movimentos anticoloniais e de autonomia cultural ganharam seguidores das sociedades trobriandesas. Quando a guerra entre grupos foi proibida pelos governantes coloniais, os ilhéus desenvolveram uma forma única e agressiva de críquete . (pt)
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| - The people of the Trobriand Islands are mostly subsistence horticulturalists who live in traditional settlements. The social structure is based on matrilineal clans that control land and resources. People participate in the regional circuit of exchange of shells called kula, sailing to visit trade partners on seagoing canoes. In the late twentieth century, anti-colonial and cultural autonomy movements gained followers from the Trobriand societies. When inter-group warfare was forbidden by colonial rulers, the islanders developed a unique, aggressive form of cricket. Although an understanding of reproduction and modern medicine is widespread in Trobriand society, their traditional beliefs have been remarkably resilient. For example, the real cause of pregnancy is believed to be a baloma, or ancestral spirit, that enters the body of a woman, and without whose existence a woman could not become pregnant; all babies are made or come into existence (ibubulisi) in Tuma. These tenets form the main stratum of what can be termed popular or universal belief. In the past, many held this traditional belief because the yam, a major food of the island, included chemicals (phytoestrogens and plant sterols) whose effects are contraceptive, so the practical link between sex and pregnancy was not very evident. (en)
- As pessoas das Ilhas Trobriand são principalmente horticultores de subsistência que vivem em assentamentos tradicionais. A estrutura social é baseada em clãs matrilineares que controlam a terra e os recursos. As pessoas participam do circuito regional de troca de conchas chamado kula, navegando para visitar parceiros comerciais em canoas marítimas. No final do século XX, movimentos anticoloniais e de autonomia cultural ganharam seguidores das sociedades trobriandesas. Quando a guerra entre grupos foi proibida pelos governantes coloniais, os ilhéus desenvolveram uma forma única e agressiva de críquete . Embora a compreensão da reprodução e da medicina moderna seja difundida na sociedade trobriandesa, suas crenças tradicionais têm sido notavelmente resistentes. Por exemplo, acredita-se que a verdadeira causa da gravidez seja um baloma, ou espírito ancestral, que entra no corpo de uma mulher, e sem cuja existência uma mulher não poderia engravidar; todos os bebês são feitos ou passam a existir (ibubulisi) em Tuma. Esses princípios formam o estrato principal do que pode ser chamado de crença popular ou universal. No passado, muitos mantinham essa crença tradicional porque o inhame, um dos principais alimentos da ilha, possui substâncias químicas (fitoestrógenos e esteróis vegetais) cujos efeitos são contraceptivos, de modo que a ligação prática entre sexo e gravidez não era muito evidente. (pt)
- Тробрианцы (самоназ. киривина, киливила) — меланезийский народ, населяющий острова Тробриан, которые находятся к востоку от Папуа — Новой Гвинеи. Их численность составляет приблизительно 20 тысяч человек. Говорят на языке киливила (киривина). Живут они в традиционных поселениях. В этом народе преобладают немногочисленные семьи. (ru)
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