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Victor David Gruen, born Viktor David Grünbaum (July 18, 1903 – February 14, 1980), was an Austrian-born architect best known as a pioneer in the design of shopping malls in the United States. He is also noted for his urban revitalization proposals, described in his writings and applied in master plans such as for Fort Worth, Texas (1955), Kalamazoo, Michigan (1958) and Fresno, California (1965). An advocate of prioritizing pedestrians over cars in urban cores, he was also the designer of the first outdoor pedestrian mall in the United States, the Kalamazoo Mall.

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  • فيكتور غروين (ar)
  • Victor Gruen (de)
  • Victor Gruen (fr)
  • Victor Gruen (it)
  • ビクター・グルーエン (ja)
  • Victor Gruen (en)
  • Victor Gruen (sv)
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  • فيكتور غروين (بالألمانية: Victor Gruen)‏ هو كاتب ومهندس معماري نمساوي، ولد في 18 يوليو 1903 في فيينا في النمسا، وتوفي بنفس المكان في 14 فبراير 1980. (ar)
  • Victor Gruen (* 18. Juli 1903 als Victor David Grünbaum in Wien; † 14. Februar 1980 ebenda) war ein österreichischer Stadtplaner und Architekt, der durch die Planung der ersten modernen Einkaufszentren am Rand von Städten in den USA international für Aufsehen sorgte. In Österreich gilt er als geistiger Vater der ersten großen Wiener Fußgängerzone, die 1974 trotz heftiger Kritik in der Kärntner Straße eingerichtet wurde. Bekanntes Argument von ihm in dieser Sache war: „Autos kaufen nichts.“ (de)
  • Victor David Gruen, vero nome Viktor David Grünbaum (Vienna, 18 luglio 1903 – Vienna, 14 febbraio 1980), è stato un architetto austriaco.Gruen è noto principalmente per essere stato l'ideatore dei primi centri commerciali moderni. Il suo nome è stato associato ad un particolare senso di disorientamento che sarebbe artificialmente indotto al cliente per spingerlo all'acquisto. Gruen rifiutò sempre questa associazione ritenendola non vera e, in ogni caso, non a lui riconducibile. (it)
  • Victor David Gruen, born Viktor David Grünbaum (July 18, 1903 – February 14, 1980), was an Austrian-born architect best known as a pioneer in the design of shopping malls in the United States. He is also noted for his urban revitalization proposals, described in his writings and applied in master plans such as for Fort Worth, Texas (1955), Kalamazoo, Michigan (1958) and Fresno, California (1965). An advocate of prioritizing pedestrians over cars in urban cores, he was also the designer of the first outdoor pedestrian mall in the United States, the Kalamazoo Mall. (en)
  • ビクター・デビッド・グルーエン（Victor David Gruen、1903年7月17日 - 1980年2月14日）は、オーストリア・ウィーン出身の建築家、都市計画家。都市地域及び郊外地域の大規模複合施設のプランナーとして、世界的に知られ、特に郊外型大規模ショッピングセンター生みの親として著名である。アメリカ合衆国、カナダ、ヨーロッパ内のショッピングセンター及び都市再開発を数多く手がけた。また「ペデストリアンデッキ」の命名者としても知られる。 (ja)
  • Victor Gruen, egentligen Victor David Grünbaum, född 18 juli 1903 i Wien, Österrike, död 14 februari 1980 i Wien, var en österrikisk arkitekt. Gruen ritade en av de första butiksgalleriorna, (1956), belägen i Minneapolisförorten Edina, Minnesota, USA. Han ritade även Midtown Plaza i Rochester som var den första shoppinggallerian i USA som låg i centrum av en stad (invigd 1962). Denna artikel om en person med huvudsaklig anknytning till Österrike saknar väsentlig information. Du kan hjälpa till genom att lägga till den. (sv)
  • Victor David Gruen (18 juillet 1903 - 14 février 1980), né Viktor David Grünbaum en Autriche, est un architecte commercial américain. Gruen nait à Vienne et étudie l’architecture à l’Académie des beaux-arts de Vienne. Juif, socialiste, il émigre aux États-Unis en 1938 au moment de l’Anschluss. À son arrivée à New York, il change son nom pour Gruen et devient dessinateur. En 1941, il déménage à Los Angeles et y fonde, en 1951, Victor Gruen Associates qui deviendra un important bureau d’architecture et d’urbanisme dans l’après-guerre. (fr)
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  • Victor Gruen (en)
name
  • Victor Gruen (en)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/2009-0611-004-Southdale.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Victor_Gruen_-_Image_from_the_American_Heritage_Center.jpg
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  • Vienna, Austria (en)
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