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Hakhshara (Hebrew: הַכְשָׁרָה; also transliterated Hachshara or Hakhsharah) is a Hebrew word that literally means "preparation". The term is used for training programs and agricultural centres in Europe and elsewhere. At these centers Zionist youth and young adults would learn vocational skills necessary for their emigration to Israel and subsequent life in kibbutzim. Such camps existed before World War II, and still exist today. Nowadays, these programs are usually based on kibbutzim in Israel for youth who are in their gap year, between finishing high-school and starting university, and include exploring Israel and studying Israeli culture. This was also true of the religious programs, that until a few decades were based based on a religious kibbutz and typically contained a period of To

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  • Hachschara (de)
  • Hakhshara (en)
  • Hachszara (pl)
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  • Hachszara (hebr. ‏הַכְשָׁרָה‎, „przygotowanie”) – termin używany wobec programów przygotowujących Żydów do aliji, tj. do zasiedlenia Palestyny i życia w kibucach. (pl)
  • Als Hachschara (hebräisch הכשרה ‚Vorbereitung, Tauglichmachung‘) wurde die systematische Vorbereitung von Juden auf die Alija bezeichnet, d. h. für die Besiedlung Palästinas vor allem in den 1920er und 1930er Jahren. Ideologische Grundlage für dieses Programm war der Zionismus, getragen und propagiert wurde sie von der jüdischen Jugendbewegung, dabei vor allem von den beiden Dachverbänden Hechaluz und Bachad. (de)
  • Hakhshara (Hebrew: הַכְשָׁרָה; also transliterated Hachshara or Hakhsharah) is a Hebrew word that literally means "preparation". The term is used for training programs and agricultural centres in Europe and elsewhere. At these centers Zionist youth and young adults would learn vocational skills necessary for their emigration to Israel and subsequent life in kibbutzim. Such camps existed before World War II, and still exist today. Nowadays, these programs are usually based on kibbutzim in Israel for youth who are in their gap year, between finishing high-school and starting university, and include exploring Israel and studying Israeli culture. This was also true of the religious programs, that until a few decades were based based on a religious kibbutz and typically contained a period of To (en)
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  • Als Hachschara (hebräisch הכשרה ‚Vorbereitung, Tauglichmachung‘) wurde die systematische Vorbereitung von Juden auf die Alija bezeichnet, d. h. für die Besiedlung Palästinas vor allem in den 1920er und 1930er Jahren. Ideologische Grundlage für dieses Programm war der Zionismus, getragen und propagiert wurde sie von der jüdischen Jugendbewegung, dabei vor allem von den beiden Dachverbänden Hechaluz und Bachad. Meist fanden Hachschara-Kurse auf landwirtschaftlichen Gütern statt. Eine Gruppe von Auswanderungswilligen (hebräisch קבוצה Kəvutza) lernte dort gemeinsam, was für den Aufbau eines Gemeinwesens in Palästina notwendig erschien. Die häufig aus bürgerlichen Umgebungen stammenden jungen Menschen erwarben vor allem gärtnerische, land- und hauswirtschaftliche sowie handwerkliche Fertigkeiten und lernten Iwrit, das moderne Hebräisch. In der weiteren Entwicklung der Hachschara galt zunehmend auch die Schaffung einer jüdischen Identität als wichtige Aufgabe. Dazu gehörte auch, die jüdischen Feste zu feiern, jüdische Geschichte und Literatur kennenzulernen. Leben und Arbeiten im Kollektiv sollten dabei die kulturellen Grundlagen für die neue Existenz in Palästina schaffen. Im späteren Israel setzten sich die Hachschara-Gemeinschaften in den Kibbuzim fort. Seltener lernten auch einzelne Auswanderungswillige bei einem Landwirt oder Handwerker. (de)
  • Hakhshara (Hebrew: הַכְשָׁרָה; also transliterated Hachshara or Hakhsharah) is a Hebrew word that literally means "preparation". The term is used for training programs and agricultural centres in Europe and elsewhere. At these centers Zionist youth and young adults would learn vocational skills necessary for their emigration to Israel and subsequent life in kibbutzim. Such camps existed before World War II, and still exist today. Nowadays, these programs are usually based on kibbutzim in Israel for youth who are in their gap year, between finishing high-school and starting university, and include exploring Israel and studying Israeli culture. This was also true of the religious programs, that until a few decades were based based on a religious kibbutz and typically contained a period of Torah study. Nowadays, the religious programs still incorporate a period on a religious kibbutz, but are more diverse in what they offer, see https://www.worldbneiakiva.org/gap-year-program-israel-hachshara . (en)
  • Hachszara (hebr. ‏הַכְשָׁרָה‎, „przygotowanie”) – termin używany wobec programów przygotowujących Żydów do aliji, tj. do zasiedlenia Palestyny i życia w kibucach. (pl)
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