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Tracheal intubation (usually simply referred to as intubation), an invasive medical procedure, is the placement of a flexible plastic catheter into the trachea. For millennia, tracheotomy was considered the most reliable (and most risky) method of tracheal intubation. By the late 19th century, advances in the sciences of anatomy and physiology, as well as the beginnings of an appreciation of the germ theory of disease, had reduced the morbidity and mortality of this operation to a more acceptable rate. Also in the late 19th century, advances in endoscopic instrumentation had improved to such a degree that direct laryngoscopy had finally become a viable means to secure the airway by the non-surgical orotracheal route. Nasotracheal intubation was not widely practiced until the early 20th cen

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  • تاريخ التنبيب الرغامي (ar)
  • History of tracheal intubation (en)
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  • التنبيب الرغامى، هو جراحة طفيفة التوغل، عبارة عن وضع قسطرة مرنة من البلاستيك في القصبة الهوائية. لآلاف السنين، كان ثقب القصبة الهوائية يعتبر الأكثر خطورة من طرق التنبيب الرغامى. وبحلول أواخر القرن التاسع عشر ومع التقدم في علوم التشريح وعلم وظائف الأعضاء، وكذلك بدايات ظهور نظرية جرثومية المرض فإن معدل المرضى والوفيات قد انخفض من هذه العملية إلى معدل مقبول. أيضا في أواخر القرن التاسع عشر، فإن التقدم في أجهزة التنظير داخلي قد حسن عملية التنبيب الرغامي إلى درجة أن عملية تنظير الحنجرة أصبحت أخيرا وسيلة متاحة لتأمين مجرى الهواء. التنبيب عن طريق الأنف كان لا يمارس على نطاق واسع حتى أوائل القرن العشرين. شهد القرن الـعشرين ظهور التخدير، الطب الحرج، طب الطوارئ، طب الجهاز الهضمي، طب الصدر والجراحة. (ar)
  • Tracheal intubation (usually simply referred to as intubation), an invasive medical procedure, is the placement of a flexible plastic catheter into the trachea. For millennia, tracheotomy was considered the most reliable (and most risky) method of tracheal intubation. By the late 19th century, advances in the sciences of anatomy and physiology, as well as the beginnings of an appreciation of the germ theory of disease, had reduced the morbidity and mortality of this operation to a more acceptable rate. Also in the late 19th century, advances in endoscopic instrumentation had improved to such a degree that direct laryngoscopy had finally become a viable means to secure the airway by the non-surgical orotracheal route. Nasotracheal intubation was not widely practiced until the early 20th cen (en)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Tracheotomy1.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William_Beaumont_painting.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Garcia-Laryngoskop.gif
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Eugène_Bouchut.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Glidescope_01.jpg
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