About: Misuse of statistics

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Statistics, when used in a misleading fashion, can trick the casual observer into believing something other than what the data shows. That is, a misuse of statistics occurs when a statistical argument asserts a falsehood. In some cases, the misuse may be accidental. In others, it is purposeful and for the gain of the perpetrator. When the statistical reason involved is false or misapplied, this constitutes a statistical fallacy. The false statistics trap can be quite damaging for the quest for knowledge. For example, in medical science, correcting a falsehood may take decades and cost lives.

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rdf:type	Thing yago:WikicatLogicalFallacies yago:Abstraction100002137 yago:Cognition100023271 yago:Content105809192 yago:Fallacy105893916 yago:Idea105833840 yago:LogicalFallacy105894143 yago:Misconception105893653 yago:PsychologicalFeature100023100
rdfs:label	Misuse of statistics (en) Mal ús de l'estadística (ca) Statistické omyly (cs) Uso sbagliato della statistica (it) Misbruik van statistische gegevens (nl) 統計誤用 (zh) Хибне використання статистики (uk)
rdfs:comment	Misbruik van statistische gegevens is het al dan niet opzettelijk misbruiken van de uitkomsten van een statistisch onderzoek. (nl) 統計誤用是指統計學的爭論被斷言為謬誤。在一些情況，這些誤用是意外發生的。可是，在其他情況，這都是有目的的，而且會令使用統計誤用的人從中得到好處。當其統計原因涉及到錯誤或誤用，便構成了統計謬誤。錯誤的統計會對知識的追求甚至現實生活帶來負面的影響。例如一個醫學上的謬誤會浪費人們數十年的時間，並會招致人命損失。統計誤用容易發生，即使數學家和專業統計學家在仔細小心的狀況下也會被統計謬誤給整到，哪怕這些專家再小心翼翼、整到他們的謬誤再簡單也一樣；此外，已知有科學家因為缺乏對機率論的了解，對測試也沒有標準化之故，而被統計謬誤給整到的例子。 (zh) Una fal·làcia estadística és un abús o mal ús de l'estadística. Ocorre quan s'utilitza un argument estadístic per afirmar una falsedat, una mentida, o modernament notícies falses. Pot ser accidental, per manca de rigor científica, o voluntari quan s'afirma un propòsit biaixat que representa un guany per l'autor o el seu empleador. Una «alfabetització» a la interpretació de dades estatístiques pot ajudar a formar les persones interpretar-les amb espèrit crític. (ca) Statistika podle obvyklého mínění přispívá k lepšímu pochopení hromadných jevů. Je-li však použita zavádějícím způsobem, může čtenář uvěřit něčemu jinému, než co ukazují data. K nesprávnému použití nebo zneužití statistiky tedy dochází, když se statistickým argumentem podporuje nepravda. Může k němu dojít náhodně, někdy je však cílem výhoda nebo zisk pachatele (úmyslné zneužití). Jsou-li statistické závěry nepravdivé nebo nesprávně použité, jde o klamavou statistiku. (cs) Statistics, when used in a misleading fashion, can trick the casual observer into believing something other than what the data shows. That is, a misuse of statistics occurs when a statistical argument asserts a falsehood. In some cases, the misuse may be accidental. In others, it is purposeful and for the gain of the perpetrator. When the statistical reason involved is false or misapplied, this constitutes a statistical fallacy. The false statistics trap can be quite damaging for the quest for knowledge. For example, in medical science, correcting a falsehood may take decades and cost lives. (en) Un uso sbagliato della statistica si verifica quando un risultato statistico viene utilizzato a supporto di una falsità. In qualche caso, l'uso sbagliato può essere accidentale. In altri casi, l'uso sbagliato è intenzionale e l'autore ne approfitta per guadagnare. Quando l'indagine statistica coinvolta è falsa o è applicata male si verifica una fallacia statistica. La trappola della statistica falsa può essere creare ingenti danni alla ricerca della conoscenza. Per esempio, nella scienza medica, una falsità può causare anche delle morti e possono essere necessari anni per correggerla. (it) Хибне використання статистики відбувається, коли статистичний аргумент стверджує неправду. Статистика, якщо її використовувати в хибний спосіб, може змусити випадкового спостерігача повірити в щось інше, ніж те, що показують дані. У деяких випадках неправильне використання може бути випадковим. В інших — це цілеспрямовано та з метою наживи зловмисника. Якщо залучене статистичне судження хибне або неправильно застосоване, це є статистичною помилкою. (uk)
rdfs:seeAlso	Publication bias
dct:subject	Ethics and statistics Misuse of statistics
Wikipage page ID	1217358 (xsd:integer)
Wikipage revision ID	1108092262 (xsd:integer)
Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage	American Society for Nondestructive Testing Ronald Fisher Royal Statistical Society Electromagnetic field Electromagnetic radiation and health Margin of error Ethics and statistics Anscombe's quartet Apples and oranges Deception Descriptive statistics Design of experiments Null hypothesis Confidence interval Consistent Analysis of variance Sally Clark The Design of Experiments Pseudoreplication Clothing sizes Gambler's fallacy Lady tasting tea Simple linear regression Statistics Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Feature (machine learning) How to Lie with Statistics Plot (graphics) Standardization Systemic risk McNamara fallacy 68–95–99.7 rule Central limit theorem Data Data dredging Data mining Data preparation Data processing Data wrangling Garbage in, garbage out Falsehood Linear regression Sampling error American International Group Experiment Fallacy Misuse of statistics Post hoc analysis Probability theory Regression toward the mean Hypothesis Statcheck Statistical paradoxes Cherry picking (fallacy) Ecological fallacy Misleading graph Misuse of p-values Australasian Journal of Bone & Joint Medicine Placebo Square (algebra) Institutional Review Board Intelligence quotient Publication bias Roy Meadow Simpson's paradox Ethics in mathematics Ludic fallacy Prosecutor's fallacy Statistical literacy Vanity sizing Metascience (research)

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