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The Neolithic long house was a long, narrow timber dwelling built by the first farmers in Europe beginning at least as early as the period 5000 to 6000 BC. They first appeared in central Europe in connection with the early Neolithic cultures such as the Linear Pottery culture or Cucuteni culture. This type of architecture represents the largest free-standing structure in the world in its era. Long houses are present across numerous regions and time periods in the archaeological record.

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  • Jungsteinzeitliches Langhaus (de)
  • Casa lunga neolitica (it)
  • 超大型住居 (ja)
  • Neolithic long house (en)
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  • 超大型住居（ちょうおおがたじゅうきょ）または超大型建物（ちょうおおがたたてもの）は、東日本の縄文時代の集落遺跡などにみられる長さが20メートルを越すような大型建造物である。明確な基準はないが、10メートル前後のものは大型住居（大型建物）と呼称する。竪穴建物（大型竪穴建物）のものと平地建物（掘立柱建物）のものがある。 (ja)
  • The Neolithic long house was a long, narrow timber dwelling built by the first farmers in Europe beginning at least as early as the period 5000 to 6000 BC. They first appeared in central Europe in connection with the early Neolithic cultures such as the Linear Pottery culture or Cucuteni culture. This type of architecture represents the largest free-standing structure in the world in its era. Long houses are present across numerous regions and time periods in the archaeological record. (en)
  • La casa lunga neolitica era una lunga e stretta dimora in legno costruita dai primi "agricoltori" dell'Europa Centrale e Occidentale, dal bacino parigino a quello pannonico, a partire dal VI millennio a.C.. Nell'epoca della rivoluzione neolitica e del passaggio dal nomadismo dei cacciatori-raccoglitori alla sedentarietà agricola, la casa lunga fu la struttura architettonica indipendente più vasta che fosse mai stata eretta. Nella documentazione archeologica, le case lunghe sono presenti in numerose regioni e in diversi periodi di tempo. (it)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/AMK_-_Linearbandkeramik_Modell_Hienheim_3.jpg
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  • The Neolithic long house was a long, narrow timber dwelling built by the first farmers in Europe beginning at least as early as the period 5000 to 6000 BC. They first appeared in central Europe in connection with the early Neolithic cultures such as the Linear Pottery culture or Cucuteni culture. This type of architecture represents the largest free-standing structure in the world in its era. Long houses are present across numerous regions and time periods in the archaeological record. The long house was a rectangular structure, 5.5 to 7.0 m wide, of variable length, around 20 m up to 45 m. Outer walls were wattle and daub, sometimes alternating with split logs, with pitched, thatched roofs, supported by rows of poles, three across. The exterior walls would have been quite short beneath the large roof. They were solid and massive, oak posts being preferred. Clay for the daub was dug from pits near the house, which were then used for storage. Extra posts at one end may indicate a partial second story. Some Linear Pottery culture houses were occupied for as long as 30 years. It is thought that these houses had no windows and only one doorway. The door was located at one end of the house. Internally, the house had one or two partitions creating up to three areas. Interpretations of the use of these areas vary. Working activities might be carried out in the better lit door end, the middle used for sleeping and eating and the end farthest from the door could have been used for grain storage. According to another view, the interior was divided in areas for sleeping, common life and a fenced enclosure at the back end for keeping animals. Twenty or thirty people could have lived in each house, with villages composed typically of five to eight houses. Exceptionally, nearly 30 longhouses in a fortified settlement (dating to 4300 BC, i.e., Late Linear Pottery culture) were revealed by excavations at Oslonki in Poland. (en)
  • La casa lunga neolitica era una lunga e stretta dimora in legno costruita dai primi "agricoltori" dell'Europa Centrale e Occidentale, dal bacino parigino a quello pannonico, a partire dal VI millennio a.C.. Nell'epoca della rivoluzione neolitica e del passaggio dal nomadismo dei cacciatori-raccoglitori alla sedentarietà agricola, la casa lunga fu la struttura architettonica indipendente più vasta che fosse mai stata eretta. Nella documentazione archeologica, le case lunghe sono presenti in numerose regioni e in diversi periodi di tempo. Si è pensato che queste case neolitiche non avessero finestre, ma soltanto un'apertura d'ingresso. La parte opposta più distante dalla porta sembra sia stata utilizzata per l'immagazzinamento dei cereali, mentre le attività lavorative venivano svolte nella parte anteriore meglio illuminata, con l'area mediana usata per dormire e mangiare. Venti o trenta persone potevano vivere in ogni casa, con villaggi formati di sei o sette abitazioni. Dapprima apparvero nell'Europa Centrale in relazione con le culture del primo neolitico, come la cultura della ceramica lineare o la cultura di Cucuteni-Trypillia. Strutturalmente, le case lunghe del neolitico erano rette da file di grandi pilastri in legno che sostenevano un tetto spiovente. Le pareti non dovevano sostenere molto peso e quindi si pensa fossero abbastanza corte sotto il grande tetto. Delle travi di fondazione si stendevano in fossi lungo i lati per supportare le basse pareti. Come dice il suo nome, la casa lunga era caratterizzata da una larghezza modesta (dai 5,5 ai 7 metri), contrapposta a una lunghezza ben maggiore (in media intorno ai 20 metri, ma non mancano esempi che raggiungono anche i 45 metri, come nel sito archeologico di Bylany, nella Repubblica Ceca). (it)
  • 超大型住居（ちょうおおがたじゅうきょ）または超大型建物（ちょうおおがたたてもの）は、東日本の縄文時代の集落遺跡などにみられる長さが20メートルを越すような大型建造物である。明確な基準はないが、10メートル前後のものは大型住居（大型建物）と呼称する。竪穴建物（大型竪穴建物）のものと平地建物（掘立柱建物）のものがある。 (ja)
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