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In mathematics, an operad is a structure that consists of abstract operations, each one having a fixed finite number of inputs (arguments) and one output, as well as a specification of how to compose these operations. Given an operad , one defines an algebra over to be a set together with concrete operations on this set which behave just like the abstract operations of . For instance, there is a Lie operad such that the algebras over are precisely the Lie algebras; in a sense abstractly encodes the operations that are common to all Lie algebras. An operad is to its algebras as a group is to its group representations.

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rdfs:label
  • Operade (de)
  • Opérade (fr)
  • 오퍼라드 (ko)
  • オペラド (ja)
  • Operad (en)
  • Операда (ru)
rdfs:comment
  • En algèbre générale, une opérade est une structure algébrique modélisant les propriétés (associativité, commutativité et autres relations) d'une algèbre. Intuitivement, les éléments d'une opérade correspondent à des opérations à plusieurs entrées, que l'on peut additionner et composer. On représente ces opérations par des arbres, que l'on peut greffer les uns aux autres pour représenter les compositions. Les opérades ont été introduites en topologie algébrique par J. Peter May, (en) et Rainer Vogt au début des années 1970, notamment pour modéliser les espaces de lacets itérés. (fr)
  • In mathematics, an operad is a structure that consists of abstract operations, each one having a fixed finite number of inputs (arguments) and one output, as well as a specification of how to compose these operations. Given an operad , one defines an algebra over to be a set together with concrete operations on this set which behave just like the abstract operations of . For instance, there is a Lie operad such that the algebras over are precisely the Lie algebras; in a sense abstractly encodes the operations that are common to all Lie algebras. An operad is to its algebras as a group is to its group representations. (en)
  • 대수학과 대수적 위상수학에서 오퍼라드(영어: operad)는 이항 연산을 많은 항을 가진 연산자들의 모음으로 일반화·추상화한 개념이다. 대수적 대상의 (반)가환성과 결합성 등의 여러 성질을 한꺼번에 기술하고 일반화한다. (ko)
  • 数学では、オペラドは、可換性や反交換性などの特性や、様々な量の結合法則をモデル化する代数に関係している。 オペラドは、様々な結合法則や代数、余代数などリー代数やポアソン代数の計算木をモデル化する。代数はオペラドにある群の表現とみなせる。オペラドは結合法則の算法と見なすことができ、それぞれ固定された有限数の入力(引数)と1つの出力を持ち、他の操作と1つで構成できる。それらは、普遍代数の圏論的類似物を形成する。 (ja)
  • Операда даёт общий подход к описанию таких свойств, как коммутативность или антикоммутативность, а также различные вариации ассоциативности. Отношение алгебры и операды похожи на отношение представлений групп и групп. (ru)
  • Eine Operade ist eine algebraische Struktur, die insbesondere in der Topologie von Bedeutung ist, aber auch in vielen anderen Anwendungen und dort Raum für Deformationen (Homotopie in der Topologie) der zugrundeliegenden Objekte lässt. Operaden bestehen allgemein aus einer Menge von Operationen (oder Funktionen) mit mehreren Eingängen (Inputs) und einem Ausgang und betrachtet wird die Algebra der Hintereinanderausführung dieser Operationen. Die Schachtelung der Hintereinanderausführung von Operationen wird dabei häufig geometrisch in Form von Bäumen dargestellt. (de)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Composition_in_the_little_discs_operad.svg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/OperadIdentityAxiom.svg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/OperadTreeCompose1.svg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/OperadTreeCompose2.svg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/OperadTreeCompose3.svg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/OperadTreeCompose4.svg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/OperadTreeCompose5.svg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/OperadTreeCompose6.svg
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