Peter Heinrich Schwartze (born 23 May 1931, in Bad Salzuflen) is a German neurophysiologist, systems scientist and cyberneticist well known in the ex-German Democratic Republic. Schwartze graduated the medical University in Leipzig, Germany in 1957 and specialized in Neurophysiology. He studied and worked at the universities of Rostock, Greifswald and Leipzig. He became Doctor Habilitatus of the University Leipzig, Germany in 1968 and Professor of Pathophysiology in 1978 and served as the Director of the Carl Ludwig Institute of Physiology between 1980 and 1992 as successor of Hans Drischel.