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In computer graphics, the render output unit (ROP) or raster operations pipeline is a hardware component in modern graphics processing units (GPUs) and one of the final steps in the rendering process of modern graphics cards. The pixel pipelines take pixel (each pixel is a dimensionless point) and texel information and process it, via specific matrix and vector operations, into a final pixel or depth value; this process is called rasterization. Thus, ROPs control antialiasing, when more than one sample is merged into one pixel. The ROPs perform the transactions between the relevant buffers in the local memory – this includes writing or reading values, as well as blending them together.Dedicated antialiasing hardware used to perform hardware-based antialiasing methods like MSAA is contained

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  • Render Output unit (fr)
  • Render Output Unit (it)
  • Render output unit (en)
  • 渲染输出单元 (zh)
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  • Une unité de type Render Output Unit (abrégé en ROP, et également appelé Raster Operations Pipeline) est une partie d'un processeur graphique spécialisée dans certaines opérations de calcul effectuées en dernier avant l'enregistrement des images dans la mémoire d'affichage, telles que l'alpha blending, l’antialiasing, la gestion du z-buffer, la gestion du stencil buffer. Le fillrate d'un processeur graphique, c'est-à-dire le débit maximal de pixels écrits en mémoire d'affichage par unité de temps, est donc directement proportionnel au nombre de ROP qu'il contient. (fr)
  • La Render Output Unit (ROP), chiamata a volte anche Raster Operation Pipeline, è uno dei passi finali del processo di rendering delle moderne schede grafiche. Le pixel pipeline prendono le informazioni dai pixel e dai texel e le elaborano, attraverso matrici e operazioni vettoriali in un pixel finale. I ROP effettuano le transazioni tra i buffer rilevanti nella VRAM. Queste includono la lettura o la scrittura di valori e l'unione di essi assieme. (it)
  • 渲染輸出單元(ROP)是現代圖形處理器（GPU）最後硬件組件，和在渲染過程的最後步驟之一。繪圖管線取像素（每個像素是一個無量綱點），和紋理像素信息，並處理它，經由特定的矩陣和向量運算，變成最終像素或深度值。此過程稱為栅格化。當多個樣本合併為一個像素時，渲染輸出單元控制抗鋸齒。 渲染輸出單元執行本地存儲器中相關緩衝區之間的事務 - 這包括寫入或讀取值，以及將它們混合在一起。 用於執行基於硬件的抗鋸齒方法（如多重採樣抗鋸齒(MSAA)）的專用抗鋸齒硬件包含在渲染輸出單元中。 (zh)
  • In computer graphics, the render output unit (ROP) or raster operations pipeline is a hardware component in modern graphics processing units (GPUs) and one of the final steps in the rendering process of modern graphics cards. The pixel pipelines take pixel (each pixel is a dimensionless point) and texel information and process it, via specific matrix and vector operations, into a final pixel or depth value; this process is called rasterization. Thus, ROPs control antialiasing, when more than one sample is merged into one pixel. The ROPs perform the transactions between the relevant buffers in the local memory – this includes writing or reading values, as well as blending them together.Dedicated antialiasing hardware used to perform hardware-based antialiasing methods like MSAA is contained (en)
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  • Une unité de type Render Output Unit (abrégé en ROP, et également appelé Raster Operations Pipeline) est une partie d'un processeur graphique spécialisée dans certaines opérations de calcul effectuées en dernier avant l'enregistrement des images dans la mémoire d'affichage, telles que l'alpha blending, l’antialiasing, la gestion du z-buffer, la gestion du stencil buffer. Le fillrate d'un processeur graphique, c'est-à-dire le débit maximal de pixels écrits en mémoire d'affichage par unité de temps, est donc directement proportionnel au nombre de ROP qu'il contient. (fr)
  • In computer graphics, the render output unit (ROP) or raster operations pipeline is a hardware component in modern graphics processing units (GPUs) and one of the final steps in the rendering process of modern graphics cards. The pixel pipelines take pixel (each pixel is a dimensionless point) and texel information and process it, via specific matrix and vector operations, into a final pixel or depth value; this process is called rasterization. Thus, ROPs control antialiasing, when more than one sample is merged into one pixel. The ROPs perform the transactions between the relevant buffers in the local memory – this includes writing or reading values, as well as blending them together.Dedicated antialiasing hardware used to perform hardware-based antialiasing methods like MSAA is contained in ROPs. All data rendered has to travel through the ROP in order to be written to the framebuffer, from there it can be transmitted to the display. Therefore, the ROP is where the GPU's output is assembled into a bitmapped image ready for display. Historically the number of ROPs, texture mapping units (TMUs), and shader processing units/stream processors have been equal. However, from 2004, several GPUs have decoupled these areas to allow optimum transistor allocation for application workload and available memory performance. As the trend continues, it is expected that graphics processors will continue to decouple the various parts of their architectures to enhance their adaptability to future graphics applications. This design also allows chip makers to build a modular line-up, where the top-end GPUs are essentially using the same logic as the low-end products. (en)
  • La Render Output Unit (ROP), chiamata a volte anche Raster Operation Pipeline, è uno dei passi finali del processo di rendering delle moderne schede grafiche. Le pixel pipeline prendono le informazioni dai pixel e dai texel e le elaborano, attraverso matrici e operazioni vettoriali in un pixel finale. I ROP effettuano le transazioni tra i buffer rilevanti nella VRAM. Queste includono la lettura o la scrittura di valori e l'unione di essi assieme. (it)
  • 渲染輸出單元(ROP)是現代圖形處理器（GPU）最後硬件組件，和在渲染過程的最後步驟之一。繪圖管線取像素（每個像素是一個無量綱點），和紋理像素信息，並處理它，經由特定的矩陣和向量運算，變成最終像素或深度值。此過程稱為栅格化。當多個樣本合併為一個像素時，渲染輸出單元控制抗鋸齒。 渲染輸出單元執行本地存儲器中相關緩衝區之間的事務 - 這包括寫入或讀取值，以及將它們混合在一起。 用於執行基於硬件的抗鋸齒方法（如多重採樣抗鋸齒(MSAA)）的專用抗鋸齒硬件包含在渲染輸出單元中。 (zh)
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