About: Treaty of Livadia

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The Treaty of Livadia (Chinese: 里瓦幾亞條約) was an unequal treaty between the Russian Empire and the Chinese Qing dynasty signed in Livadiya, Crimea, on 2 October 1879, wherein Russia agreed to return a portion of the lands it had occupied in Xinjiang during the Dungan Revolt of 1862–1877. Even though Qing forces had reconquered the area, the resulting treaty was extremely unfavorable to China. As a result, the Qing government refused to ratify it and the emissary who made the negotiations was sentenced to death (although the sentence was not carried out). Seventeen months later, the two nations signed the Treaty of Saint Petersburg, which apart from territorial matters, largely had the same terms as the Treaty of Livadia.

Attributes	Values
rdf:type	Thing
rdfs:label	Tratado de Livadia (es) Perjanjian Livadia (in) Trattato di Livadia (it) Verdrag van Livadia (nl) Ливадийский договор (ru) Treaty of Livadia (en) 里瓦几亚条约 (zh)
rdfs:comment	El Tratado de Livadia (en chino: 里瓦幾亞條約) fue un tratado desigual entre el Imperio ruso y la dinastía Qing de China firmado en , en Crimea, el 2 de octubre de 1879, en el que Rusia acordó devolver una parte de las tierras que había ocupado de la región de Sinkiang durante la rebelión de los dunganes (1862–1877). Aunque las fuerzas chinas habían reconquistado la región, el tratado resultante fue extremadamente desfavorable para China. Como resultado, el gobierno chino se negó a ratificarlo y el emisario que negoció las condiciones fue condenado a muerte (aunque la sentencia no se ejecutó). Diecisiete meses después, las dos naciones firmaron el Tratado de San Petersburgo, que aparte de los asuntos territoriales, recogía en gran medida los mismos términos que el Tratado de Livadia. (es) Perjanjian Livadia adalah perjanjian yang tidak adil antara Kekaisaran Rusia dan Dinasti Qing Tiongkok yang ditandatangani di , Krimea, pada 2 Oktober 1879, dimana Rusia setuju untuk mengembalikan sebagian wilayah Xinjiang selama Pemberontakan Dungan tahun 1862–1877. Meskipun pasukan Dinasti Qing telah merebut kembali daerah itu, perjanjian yang dihasilkannya sangat tidak menguntungkan bagi Dinasti Qing. Akibatnya, pemerintah Dinasti Qing menolak untuk meratifikasinya dan utusan yang melakukan negosiasi dijatuhi hukuman mati. Tujuh belas bulan kemudian, kedua negara menandatangani , yang terpisah dari masalah teritorial, sebagian besar memiliki ketentuan yang sama dengan Perjanjian Livadia. (in) The Treaty of Livadia (Chinese: 里瓦幾亞條約) was an unequal treaty between the Russian Empire and the Chinese Qing dynasty signed in Livadiya, Crimea, on 2 October 1879, wherein Russia agreed to return a portion of the lands it had occupied in Xinjiang during the Dungan Revolt of 1862–1877. Even though Qing forces had reconquered the area, the resulting treaty was extremely unfavorable to China. As a result, the Qing government refused to ratify it and the emissary who made the negotiations was sentenced to death (although the sentence was not carried out). Seventeen months later, the two nations signed the Treaty of Saint Petersburg, which apart from territorial matters, largely had the same terms as the Treaty of Livadia. (en) Het Verdrag van Livadia van 1879 was een overeenkomst tussen Rusland en China. Het belangrijkste punt in het verdrag waren afspraken over de politieke en bestuurlijke toekomst van de Ili-vallei. Het verdrag is door China nooit geratificeerd. (nl) 《里瓦几亚条约》（法語：Traité de Livadia，俄語：Ливадийский договор），亦称《崇约》或《中俄交收伊犁条约》，是1879年10月2日大清帝国和俄罗斯帝国在克里米亚的里瓦几亚签订的条约，条约中俄国同意归还1862-1877年同治回乱期间在新疆占领的部分土地。虽然清军重新征服了新疆大部，但《里瓦几亚条约》却对中国极为不利，以至于清政府拒绝批准。进行谈判的大清使者崇厚被革职下狱。17个月后，两国改立新约，即《圣彼得堡条约》。 (zh) Il trattato di Livadia fu un trattato ineguale tra l'Impero russo e la dinastia Qing cinese firmato a Livadija, in Crimea, il 2 ottobre 1879, in cui la Russia accettò di restituire una parte delle terre che aveva occupato nello Xinjiang durante la rivolta dei Dungani del 1862–1877. Anche se le forze Qing avevano riconquistato l'area, il trattato risultante fu estremamente sfavorevole alla Cina. Di conseguenza, il governo Qing rifiutò di ratificarlo e Wanyan Chonghou, l'emissario che aveva condotto i negoziati per la parte cinese, venne condannato a morte (sebbene la sentenza non sia stata eseguita per le proteste dei russi). Diciassette mesi dopo, le due nazioni firmarono il trattato di San Pietroburgo (1881), che a parte le questioni territoriali, aveva in gran parte gli stessi termini de (it) Ливадийский договор (1879) — нератифицированный договор о статусе территории Илийского края, которая входил в Цинский Китая, но в результате антикитайского уйгуро-дунганского восстания стало независимым султанатом и было захвачено Россией. До подписания договора в Ливадии от 1879 г. посол правительства Цин Ча Хоу подписали договор. Русско-китайская граница ограничена рекой Хоргос, горами Ак-Бурташ и Ак-Бурташем. Уточнены линии границы у истока реки Иртыш между Кашгаром и бывшим Кокандским ханством (территория современного Кыргызстана), Россия помимо Кульджи и Чугучака получила право на открытие консульств в городе Кашгар, Урга, Цзя Юй-гуань (Сучжоу), Кобда, Улясутай, Хами (Комул), Турпан, Урумчи и . Кроме того, правительство Цин согласилось выплатить России 5 млн рублей за понесенные расхо (ru)
rdfs:seeAlso	Xinjiang under Qing rule
foaf:depiction
dcterms:subject	Treaties involving territorial changes History of Xinjiang China–Russia treaties 1879 in China China–Russian Empire relations Treaties of the Russian Empire 1879 treaties Kazakhstan in the Russian Empire Treaties of the Qing dynasty Unequal treaties History of Crimea 19th century in the Russian Empire Unratified treaties
Wikipage page ID	56662536 (xsd:integer)
Wikipage revision ID	1068436182 (xsd:integer)
Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage	Prince Gong Qianlong Emperor Qing dynasty Qing reconquest of Xinjiang Queen Victoria Zongli Yamen Treaties involving territorial changes Beijing Unequal treaty Indemnity History of Xinjiang Russian Empire Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878) Tianjin Massacre China–Russia treaties Empress Dowager Cixi Convention of Peking 1879 in China China–Russian Empire relations Treaties of the Russian Empire Livadiya, Crimea Manchu people Manchuria Zeng Jize Zhang Zhidong Zuo Zongtang 1879 treaties Emir Pardon Tariff Tongjiang, Heilongjiang Tongzhi Emperor Treaty of Berlin (1878) Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1881) Wenxiang Logistics Kazakhstan in the Russian Empire Dungan Revolt (1862–77) Dungan people Dzungar Khanate Face (sociological concept) First Opium War Treaties of the Qing dynasty Unequal treaties Nonperson Northwest China Kill the chicken to scare the monkey History of Crimea Guangxu Emperor Hankou 19th century in the Russian Empire Chonghou Unratified treaties Kashgaria Tacheng Songhua River Great power Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture Kokand Ratification Xinjiang Xinjiang under Qing rule Yangtze Yining Ruble Turkestan Treaty of Tarbagatai Yakub Beg

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