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The history of Chinese cuisine is marked by both variety and change. The archaeologist and scholar Kwang-chih Chang says "Chinese people are especially preoccupied with food" and "food is at the center of, or at least it accompanies or symbolizes, many social interactions". Over the course of history, he says, "continuity vastly outweighs change." He explains basic organizing principles which go back to earliest times and give a continuity to the food tradition, principally that a normal meal is made up of grains and other starches (traditional Chinese: 飯; simplified Chinese: 饭; pinyin: fàn) and vegetable (菜; cài) or meat dishes .

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  • Histoire de la cuisine chinoise (fr)
  • History of Chinese cuisine (en)
  • 中國飲食文化史 (zh)
  • Історія китайської кухні (uk)
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  • The history of Chinese cuisine is marked by both variety and change. The archaeologist and scholar Kwang-chih Chang says "Chinese people are especially preoccupied with food" and "food is at the center of, or at least it accompanies or symbolizes, many social interactions". Over the course of history, he says, "continuity vastly outweighs change." He explains basic organizing principles which go back to earliest times and give a continuity to the food tradition, principally that a normal meal is made up of grains and other starches (traditional Chinese: 飯; simplified Chinese: 饭; pinyin: fàn) and vegetable (菜; cài) or meat dishes . (en)
  • L'histoire de la cuisine chinoise est marquée par la variété et par la place centrale de l'alimentation dans la culture chinoise-han. (fr)
  • Історія китайської кухні — розвиток кулінарних технік протягом існування китайської цивілізації, використання різних продуктів, способів їх вживання, становлення кулінарних церемоніалів. (uk)
  • 飲食是人類必要的行為,所謂“民以食为天”,而自先秦以来,中国民众的饮食及文化经历了巨大的变化。食材、烹饪方式、饮食习惯、口味、相关礼仪处于不断演化之中,并与现代饮食大相径庭。錢鍾書引《西齋偶得》曰︰“由古溯今,惟飲食、音樂二者,越數百年則全不可知。《周禮》、《齊民要術》、唐人食譜,全不知何味;《東京夢華錄》所記汴城、杭城食料,大半不識其名。又見明人刻書內,有蒙古、女真、畏吾兒、回回食物單,思之亦不能人口。” 中國最早在西周即有飲食文化與制度。《周礼·天官冢宰》说:“膳夫掌王之食饮膳羞,以养王及后、世子。”其他如《礼记》、《论语》、《吕氏春秋》、《黄帝内经》等都为饮食留下重要的篇章。西汉时張騫通西域,带来大量外来食材。当时调制甜味的蔗糖仅在岭南地区使用,普遍的使用蔗糖调味要到唐代以后。宋朝时,城市取消里坊制和宵禁,带来了城市经济的繁荣,推动了三餐制的普及。餐饮业的繁荣,亦使人们意识到各地口味的不同。明代番茄、番薯、南瓜、玉米、辣椒、大蒜等外来食材进入中国。 (zh)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Chinese_Street_Restaurant_in_Beijing_(1926-1927).jpg
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